Ukuhlaziywa kwegazi ngokwemvelo kuyindlela yokuhlolwa kwegazi, evame ukusetshenziselwa ukwelapha, i-rheumatology, i-gastroenterology nezinye izizinda zemithi. Yilokuhlaziywa kwelabhoratri okubonisa ngokunembile isimo sokusebenza sezinhlelo nezitho.
I-glucose egazini le-biochemistry
Cishe ngemva kosuku lokulethwa kwegazi, uzothola imiphumela ye-biochemistry. Zizobonisa inani lemikhiqizo ehlukahlukene. Kunzima kumuntu ngaphandle kwemfundo yezokwelapha ukuqonda ngokuzimele imiphumela yokuhlaziywa. Kodwa namuhla incazelo yokuhlaziywa kwegazi i-biochemistry ihlale ihlanganiswa nezikhungo zezokwelapha.
Okuqukethwe ushukela egazini yinkomba ye-carbohydrate metabolism. Ngokwejwayelekile kwe-glucose akumele kube ngaphezu kuka-5.5 mmol / l hhayi ngaphansi kwe-3.5 mmol / l. Ukwanda okuqhubekayo kule nkomba kubonakala njalo lapho:
- I-Cushing's syndrome;
- isifo sikashukela mellitus;
- ukuzama ngokweqile ngokomzimba ngokweqile;
- i-thyrotoxicosis;
- pheochromocytoma;
- izifo zezingqungquthela ze-endocrine.
Uma unezinga eliphansi le-glucose ku-biochemistry ephelele yegazi, okubhalwe phansi kuzobonisa ukuthi une-overdose ye-insulin, ukuhluleka kokuguliswa kwe-endocrine noma ubuthi obubi obuhambisana nokulimala kwesibindi.
Ama-pig e-biochemistry egazini
Ekuhloliseni kwe-blood test ye-biochemistry, inani lezingulube-bilirubin eliqondile kanye ne-bilirubin yenani lihlale liboniswa. Umkhuba we-bilirubin we-total u-5-20 μmol / l. Ukuguqulwa okubukhali kule nkomba kubonisa izifo ezihlukahlukene zesibindi (isibonelo, isibindi nesibindi), i-jaundice yomshini, ubuthi, umdlavuza wesibindi, i-cholelithiasis nokuntuleka kwe-vitamin B12.
Umkhuba we-bilirubin oqondile yi-0-3.4 μmol / l. Uma wenze i-biochemistry yegazi futhi le nkhomba iyaphakeme, ukucacisa kungabonisa ukuthi unayo:
- i-syphilis;
- i-hepatitis ene-toxic noma i-viral acute;
- i-cholecystitis ;
- isifo sesibindi esithathelwanayo;
- i-jaundice.
Amafutha ekuhlaziyweni kwegazi kwegazi
Lapho amafutha e-fatabolism ephukile egazini, okuqukethwe kwe-lipids kanye / noma izingxenyana zabo (ama-cholesterol esters kanye ne-triglycerides) njalo kukhula. Ukuchazwa kwalezi zinkomba kwimiphumela yegazi i-biochemistry assays kubaluleke kakhulu, ngoba kubaluleke kakhulu ekuhloleni okulungile kwamakhono okusebenza kwezinso nesibindi ezifweni ezihlukahlukene. Ngokuvamile kufanele kube:
- inani le-cholesterol - 3,0-6,0 mmol / l;
- triglycerides 0.40-2.70 mmol / l (kuye ngokuthi ubudala).
Amanzi anamanzi namaminerali egazi ngegazi
Egazini lomuntu kunezinto ezihlukahlukene ezingafani: potassium, folic acid, iron, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, sodium, chlorine. Ukuphulwa komzimba wamaminerali wamanzi kunoma yiluphi uhlobo ngokuvamile kuboniswa ezinhlobonhlobo ezinzima nezomzimba zesifo sikashukela, isibindi se-diabetes nezinkinga zenhliziyo.
Ngokuvamile, amazinga e-potassium kufanele abe ngo-3.5-5.5 mmol / l. Uma kukhona ukwanda ekugxilweni kwalo, khona-ke ekuhloliseni i-biochemistry yegazi abesifazane nabesilisa kuyoboniswa ukuthi lena yi-hyperkalemia. Lesi simo siyisici se-hemolysis, ukuphelelwa amandla kwamanzi, ukuhluleka okukhulu kwe-renal nokuntuleka komzimba. Ukuncipha okubukhali kokuqukethwe kwe-potassium kubizwa
Ekuhlaziyweni kokuhlaziywa kwegazi i-biochemistry, isimiso se-sodium siyi-136-145 mmol / l. Ukwanda kwalesi sibonakaliso ngokuvamile kubonisa ukwephulwa komsebenzi we-cortex eyingozi noma ukugula kwe-hypothalamus.
Umkhuba we-chlorine egazini u-98-107 mmol / l. Uma izinkomba zikhulu, umuntu angase abe nokuphelelwa amandla kwamanzi, u-salicylate poisoning noma ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-adrenocortical. Kodwa ukwehla kokuqukethwe kwe-chloride kubonakala ngokuhlanza, ukunyuka okuphawulekayo kwevolumu ye-fluid nokukhukhumeza ngokweqile.