Izingxenye eziyinhloko zazo zonke ukudla kukhona amaprotheni, ama-carbohydrate namafutha. Ngenxa yokucubungula kwabo, izitho zomuthi wamathumbu zivikela ama-enzyme okugaya ukudla okukwazi ukuhlukanisa nokuguqula izingxenye zemikhiqizo zibe yizinto, amavithamini nama-amino acids adingekayo emzimbeni.
Ama-enzyme ayisisekelo ohlelweni lokugaya
Ukuze ukwelashwa kwento ngayinye yokudla, amaqembu enzyme alandelayo akhona:
- I-carbohydrases. Kuhloswe ukuba i-hydrolysis ye-carbohydrate, isibonelo, ushukela nesitashi kuze kube sezingeni le-glucose.
- Ama-Proteases. Isolated for the cleavage of amaprotheni ama-amino acids nama-peptide amancane.
- Lipases. I-lipids iqhutshwa, okuholela ekubunjweni kwamafutha acids, i-glycerin.
- Nuclease. Isetshenziselwa ukugaya i-nucleic acids kuze kutholakale i-nucleotide.
Ama-enzymes of the digestive tract ahlukaniswe ngezigaba eziningana, eqala ngesikhumba somlomo, lapho izinhlayiya zomlomo zikhiqiza i-ptyalin (i-alpha-amylase), okudingekayo ukuze kutholakale isisindo esikhulu samathambo amaningi.
I-Pepsin ne-gelatinase ikhiqizwa esiswini. Owesine wathi i-enzyme ihloselwe ukucubungula amaprotheni kuze kube sezingeni lama-peptide, okwesibini kukhuthaza ukugaya ama-collagen fibers kanye ne-gelatin equkethe inyama.
Umzimba oyinhloko obhekene nokugaya okuvamile yi-pancreas. Iveza izinyomi ezilandelayo:
- steupsin (usika amafutha);
- i-trypsin, i-carboxypeptidase, i-chymotrypsin, i-elastases yokugaya amaprotheni ne-elastin;
- i-nuclease - kusiza ekusetshenzisweni kwe-nucleic acid;
- i-lipase - ithinta ama-triglycerides (amafutha), ayekade emulsified ne-bile emathunjini;
- amylase ekwelapheni i-glycogen, ama-starches, amanye ama-carbohydrate.
Emathunjini amancane, inqubo yokugaya ukudla iyaqhubeka ngosizo lwalolo hlobo lwe-enzyme:
- enteropeptidza, alanine aminopeptidase yokuguqulwa kwama-trypsinogens kanye nama-peptide akhiwa ngemuva kwesenzo se-protease ye-pancreas nesisu;
- izinto ezihlukanisa ama-disaccharides esimweni se-monosaccharides (maltase, lactase, sucrose, isomaltase);
- I-erepsin yokucubungula amaprotheni;
- i-lipase yamathumbu, kusiza ukugaya amafutha asele (triglycerides).
Futhi, ama-enzyme okugaya umzimba akhiqizwa ngamagciwane amakhulu ahlala emathunjini amakhulu. Ngokuyinhloko, u-E. coli ne-lactobacilli banegalelo ekwenzeni i-lactose ibe yi-lactic acid.
Amalungiselelo enzyme yokugaya
Ezinye izifo zesigubhu sezinyosi zihlotshaniswa nokulahlekelwa ekukhiqizeni amakhemikhali asembuzweni. Izimpawu zokuntuleka kwe-enzymes yokugaya izimbangela zenza izinkinga eziningi ngesimo sobuhlungu besifo, ukushaya inhliziyo, isicanucanu ngokuhlanza, flatulence , bloating kanye nesifo sezinso. Ukuqeda ukubonakaliswa okunjalo kwemitholampilo, udinga ukuthatha imithi enjalo:
- I-Pangrol;
- Pancreatin;
- I-Creon ;
- Mezim Forte;
- I-Vestal;
- I-Gastenorm Forte;
- I-Puzzcam;
- I-Festal;
- I-Panzim Forte;
- Mikrazim;
- I-Panzinorm;
- Penzital;
- I-Hermitage;
- I-Pancreal;
- I-Enzistal-P;
- Pancreatym;
- I-Pancrelipase;
- I-Pantcitrate;
- I-Pancrenorm;
- I-Digestal Forte;
- Panolez;
- I-Normoenzyme Forte;
- Okujabulisayo;
- I-biofestal;
- I-Dimethicone;
- Himopsin;
- I-Combicin;
- Enzyme.
Kukhona ama-enzymes okugaya imvelaphi yemifino, ngokuvamile esekelwe ekucutsheni kwelayisi fungus papain:
- Oraza;
- I-Pepphysis;
- Solizim.
Ama-inhibitors we-enzyme yokugaya
Isimo esibhekene nesifo somzimba, ukukhiqizwa ngokweqile kwezinto ezichazwe ngokugaya, kudinga ukucindezelwa kokukhiqizwa kwabo. Ngenxa yalokhu, kusetshenziselwa amalungiselelo okuthiwa i-antiferment okunciphisa ubukhulu be-pancreas nokucindezela umsebenzi we-enzyme:
- Gordoks;
- I-Traskolan;
- I-Pantrypine;
- I-Contrikal;
- i-aminocaproic acid;
- I-Traskolan.