Isikhathi yisikhathi esishisayo sabalimi, abasebenza ekwindla bafuna ukuvuna isivuno esihle. Kuqala ukushisa ukuthi baqala ukwenza izinqubo eziyinhloko zokunakekela insimu: ukusika izihlahla, ukufafaza , ukugcoba ukugcoba nokugcoba .
Iyini inoculation yezihlahla?
Naphezu kwegama, le divayisi ye-agrotechnical ayihlobene nezifo noma ukugoma. Ekulimeni, ukuxhunyelelwa kubhekisela ekudlulisweni komuthi owodwa wengxenye (izinso, ukusika, ukupompa) komunye ukuhlanganisa nokuhluma. Kulokhu, umuthi otshalwe kuwo ubizwa ngokuthi isitokisi, ingxenye engaphansi komhlaba ibhekisela kulo, futhi ingxenye ehlanganisiwe yohluba lapho ingxenye yomuthi ongaphezu kwesimiso kanye nesisekelo sesitshalo singeyona.
Futhi, inqubo yokugoma kabusha ikhethiwe, lapho ukuhlanganiswa kufakwe khona kumqhele. Kulolu cala, yonke ingxenye engenhla yomhlabathi engaphansi kwesayithi yokugoma ingathunyelwa esitokisini.
Njengomthetho, inoculation yamatshe nezithelo zezithelo kwenziwa entwasahlobo ngezizathu ezilandelayo:
- ukukhiqizwa ngokulondolozwa kwezimfanelo zebanga - kuyadingeka, ngakho-ke njengoba ukukhiqizwa yizinhlanzi akunikezi ukuthi kungenzeka;
- Uma ufuna ukukhula ezihlukahlukene ezithile, awukwazi ukuthenga izithombo - khona-ke ungandisa umuthi osevele usukhona;
- uma eminyakeni embalwa emva kokulimala umlimi wezithelo ukuthi akusihlangabezane nezilindelwe, kepha ukuxosha omdala nokutshala umuthi omusha kuyinkinga kakhulu futhi kuyabiza - kuzothatha iminyaka engu-5-6 ukuthi isihlahla esisha siqale ukuthela izithelo. Futhi nge-inoculation yezihlahla entwasahlobo ye-spring fruiting ingafinyelelwa esiphezulu emva kweminyaka engu-3-4;
- kungenzeka ukuthi ukulungisa umonakalo owenziwe ngomshini esihlahleni esilethwe ama-frosts noma ama-rodents, kanye nokukhubazeka kwemvelo kwe-trunk noma umqhele - ukuvinjelwa, ubunye obulodwa;
- ikhono lokutshala izihlahla ezinamahlathi ezitshalweni eziphansi.
Izici ze-inoculation yezihlahla zensimu entwasahlobo
Ukuze i-inoculation yemithi yezithelo entwasahlobo, iminyaka ayibucayi, kodwa kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi izihlahla ezineminyaka engama-10 kufanele zigonywe futhi ziphinde zigonywe kancane kancane - isikhathi seminyaka engu-2-3. Ngokuqondene nezithelo zamatshe, kufanele zicatshangelwe ukuthi isikhathi sabo sokuphila sifushane kakhulu, ngoba izihlahla azitholakali ngaphezu kweminyaka engu-8-10 ubudala.
Ukusika noma amehlo okuxhunyelelwa kuvuna kusukela ekwindla, ukusika amahlumela wonyaka, angagcinwa kulo lonke ubusika egumbini elimnyama nelitholile. Ikakhulukazi efanelekayo ukusakazeka kwamahlumela, okukhula ngokukhululekile emagatsheni angenalutho kusukela ohlangothini oluseningizimu.
Isitokisi kanye ne-graft kufanele zikhethwe ezinhlotsheni ezihlobene eduze nokuvuthwa okufanayo kokuvuna, ngakho-ke ukungahambisani kokunciphisa kuncishisiwe. Phakathi nenqubo yokugoma, kufanele wenze konke ngokushesha - ukugwema ukuthola ukutheleleka esitokisini. Futhi kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuhlanzeka kwezandla kanye namathuluzi ensimu, nokusika nokusika ukudinga ukumbozwa nge-wax yensimu yokukhipha i-disinfection. Ukuphakama kwezicucu kumele kube ngokugcwele ngisho,
Izindlela zokuhlanganiswa kwezihlahla zezithelo entwasahlobo
Kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko zokufakelwa kwezihlahla zasentwasahlobo:
- Ukuhlanganiswa kwenziwa ngokusiza izinso ezikhulisiwe. Izinso zivunwa ngesikhathi sokuphumula okuphelele kwesihlahla - phakathi nobusika futhi kugcinwe kuze kube entwasahlobo esiqandisini. Kunezinhlobo eziningana zokuqhakaza: uhlobo oluthile lwe-T, iwindi, indandatho, i-flap double, i-butt;
- i-copulation - inoculation nge-cut, eyenziwa kulesi sicelo, ku-cleft, ngemuva kwe-cortex.