Umsebenzi wenhliziyo ungenye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu empilweni yomzimba nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Izinkomba eziyinhloko zesisindo senhliziyo - ukuvama kanye namandla we-pulse, ukucindezelwa kwegazi - banezinkambiso zabo siqu eminyakeni ngayinye. Kulesi sihloko, sizokhuluma ngesilinganiso senhliziyo ezinganeni, cabangela imikhuba yakwa-HR ezinganeni ezingaphansi konyaka owodwa, ngesikhathi sokulala, ngesikhathi semidlalo, njll. Futhi ukhulume ngalokho okushiwo ukuphuza kwenhliziyo ngokushesha noma kancane.
Ukushaya kwenhliziyo ezinganeni
Njengoba uyazi, izinga lokushayela alihlali njalo. Kuncike ezintweni eziningi: izinga lomsebenzi womzimba, impilo, izinga lokushisa kwemvelo kanye nomzwelo womuntu. Ngokushintsha izinga lenhliziyo, inhliziyo ilawula futhi ithuthukise ukuzivumelanisa komuntu nezinguquko kwimvelo yangaphandle kanye nomzimba womzimba.
Izinguquko ezingeni le-pulse kanye nobudala zibonakala ngokucacile ezinganeni. Ngakho-ke, isibonelo, inhliziyo yengane esanda kuzalwa ishaya cishe kabili ngokusheshisa njengomuntu omdala. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo lancipha kancane kancane, futhi kakade ekukhuleni (eminyakeni engu-12-16) liya ezingeni lezinkomba zokulinganisa "abadala". Kubantu asebekhulile ngemuva kweminyaka engama-50-55 (ikakhulukazi labo abahamba ngendlela engasebenzi, bephila ngaphandle kwezemidlalo), imisipha yenhliziyo iyancipha kancane kancane, futhi ukushaywa komzimba kuyanda kaningi.
Ngaphandle kwezinga lokushayela izingane nezinsana, abantwana bezingane baqaphele ukuvama kokunyakaza okuphefumulayo (i-BHD noma i-BH). Izinga lentliziyo nenhliziyo yenhliziyo ezinganeni ziphakathi kwezinkomba ezibaluleke kakhulu zezempilo (noma izifo) nokuthuthukisa kahle umzimba. Izinsana ziphefumula kaningi (izikhathi ezingama-40-60 ngomzuzu), uma uneminyaka yobudala, imvamisa yokunyakaza kokuphefumula kwehla (isibonelo, eneminyaka engu-5-6 ubudala kakade kakade izikhathi ezingu-25 ngomzuzu).
Izindinganiso zamanani zesilinganiso senhliziyo zama-age ezahlukene zilandelayo:
- Izinyanga ezingu-0-1 - 140 ukushaya ngomzuzu;
- Izinyanga ezingu-1-12 - 132 zishaya ngomzuzu;
- Izinyanga ezingu-12-24. - izinsimbi ezingu-124 ngomzuzu;
- Iminyaka engu-2-4 - 115 ishaya ngomzuzu;
- Iminyaka engama-4-6 - izinsimbi ezingu-106 ngomzuzu;
- Iminyaka engu-6-8 - 98 bpm;
- Iminyaka engu-8-10 - 88 ishaya ngomzuzu;
- Iminyaka 10-12 - ama-80 beats ngomzuzu;
- Iminyaka engu 12-15 - 75 bpm;
- Iminyaka engu-15-50 - i-70 beats ngomzuzu;
- Iminyaka engu-50-60 - 74 bpm;
- Iminyaka engu-60-80 - 79 bpm.
Uma uqhathanisa izinga lenhliziyo yengane yakho nalezi zikhombisi, inothi ukuthi umkhawulo ojwayelekile ukhulu kakhulu kunezinga elibonisiwe. Futhi nokho, uma uqaphela ukuthi impulane yengane yakho ihluke kakhulu kuneminyaka yobudala, buza udokotela wezingane nomuntu we-cardiologist. Mhlawumbe ukushintsha izinga lenhliziyo kubonisa ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo.
Ukushayela okusheshayo kusho ukuthini?
Ukusheshisa kwenhliziyo kugcinwa ngesikhathi sokusebenza ngokomzimba, ekushiseni noma ngesikhathi sokuzizwa komzwelo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinga lenhliziyo lingakhuphuka izikhathi ezingaba ngu-3-3.5 futhi lokhu akuyona imvelo. Uma ukushaywa kwengane kuphuthumayo ngisho nokuphumula (lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-tachycardia), kungase kube uphawu lokukhathala, ukulahlekelwa amandla noma izinqubo ze-pathological ze-muscle yenhliziyo.
Kuyini okusho ukuthi izinga lentliziyo elincane lisho?
I-Bradycardia (ukuphuza ukuphumula kokuphumula) ngempilo enhle yinkomba yamandla emisipha yenhliziyo nokuqina komzimba. Abadlali abadlala emidlalweni edinga ukukhuthazela okukhulu (isib. Ukudonsa noma ukubhukuda), isilinganiso senhliziyo evamile sisezingeni lika-35-40 beats ngomzuzu. Uma umuntu one-bradycardia engaholeli ukuphila okusebenzayo, akayena umgijimi, futhi ngesikhathi sokunciphisa izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo uzizwa kabi, ukhononda ngesizungu, ngokushesha ukhathele noma ushintsho lwegazi lakhe - udinga ukubona udokotela ngokushesha.
Indlela yokulinganisa i-pulse?
Ukunquma izinga lenhliziyo kulula. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kufanele uphenduke entanyeni, ethempelini, emuva kwezinyawo noma isicu esikhulu sekhanda bese ucindezela kancane nge-index yakho nesithupha. Uzozwa ukushiswa kwe-rhythmic. Bala inani lokushaqeka emasekhondini angu-15 bese wandisa le nombolo ngo-4. Lokhu kuzoba uphawu lwezinga lenhliziyo ngomzuzu. Ipulse evamile icacile, isigqi, ihambisana nesimiso seminyaka.
Cabanga ukuthi ukushayela kufanele kulinganiswe ngesikhathi sokuphumula, isikhathi ngasinye esimweni esifanayo (ngoba izinga lokushaywa kwesisindo esimweni sokuma, ukuhlezi nokulala okuhlukile). Kule ndlela kuphela ongakwazi ukulawula ukuguqulwa kwalesi simo bese ubona ngokushesha i-tachycardia noma i-bradycardia.