Ukuphuka kwe-bone kwenzeka lapho ubuqotho babo bonakalisiwe. Njengomthetho, lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yokulimala: uma iwa, lapho ingaphansi kwesisindo sayo, ukushaqeka kunamandla kangangokuthi ithambo libhujiswa, noma kwenzeka kwenzeka ingozi noma ekukhiqizeni, ngenxa yamandla angaphandle. Ezimweni ezingavamile kakhulu, izinqubo ze-pathological emzimbeni ezihlotshaniswa nezifo ezizimele ziholela eqinisweni lokuthi izicubu zethambo zibuthakathaka, futhi nganoma yikuphi ukunyakaza okungaphumeleli, ukujoyina noma ithambo limele umthelela obuthakathaka ngokumelene nento eqinile.
Kunoma yikuphi, noma yikuphi ukuphumelela kubangelwa, kubhekene nengozi: isilwane esonakele noma noma iyiphi enye ingxenye yomzimba ingalahlekelwa yingxenye yemisebenzi yayo unomphela uma isiguli singanikezwa usizo lwezokwelapha ngesikhathi. Ngakho-ke, umthwalo oyinhloko awukho nje kuphela ochwepheshe bezokwelapha, kodwa nalabo abasondelene nesisulu: uma kwenzeka ukuhlukunyezwa, usizo lokuqala lubaluleke kakhulu.
Usizo lokuqala lokuphuka kwamathambo
Ukuphuka kwe-humerus. Lezi fractures ilandisa cishe ngo-7% yazo zonke iziphuka. Okokuqala, ingalo kumele ingabi nhlobo (kufaka hlangana nehlombe). Lokhu kwenziwa ngosizo lwedondo noma izindlela ezingalungile, okwenza indima yawo: amabhodi, ababusi abade, njll. Ithenda isetshenziswa kusuka zombili izinhlangothi futhi ihlanganiswe ne-bandage. Uma ubuhlungu obukhulu, isisulu kufanele sinikezwe isisu sokubulala umzimba futhi sithathwe emnyangweni wezinhlungu emathunjini uma kwenzeka ukulimala kubanzi. Uma kukhona ukusola kokuphuka futhi izimpawu zokuphuka azikhulunywanga, ngakho-ke kuvunyelwe ukwenza ngaphandle kwezandla. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ihlombe alihambisani ngesikhathi sokuhamba.
Ukuphuka kwamathambo e-pelvic. Lokhu kungenye yezinhlupho eziyingozi kakhulu emva kwe-cranium, ingozi yokufa iphezulu. Ukuphuka okunjalo kwenzeka ngenomthelela oqinile, engozini, futhi kuhambisane nokuthi isisulu asikwazi ukuhamba ngaphandle kobuhlungu obukhulu, futhi ngokuhlukunyezwa okukhulu futhi ngeke sishintshe isikhundla somzimba nhlobo. Umsebenzi oyinhloko walabo ababeseduze nomuntu oyisisulu ukubiza i-ambulensi, ngoba cishe akunakwenzeka ukuvimbela ingxenye ewonakele ngaphandle kwezimo zezokwelapha. Ingozi enkulu kunazo lapha kukhona ukulimala kwezitho zangaphakathi kanye nezimo ezivame ukwethuka okukhulu. Isiguli sidluliselwa esitokisini, sibeka i-roller ngaphansi kwekhanda lakhe namadolo.
Ukuphuka kwamathambo ekhaleni. Ngokuvamile, ukuhlukunyezwa okunjalo kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokulwa emgwaqweni noma ukuqeqeshwa kwezemidlalo. Okungavamile ukuthi kwenzeke uma kwenzeka uwela emakhaya. Njengoba ukuphuka kwempumu kuhambisana nokuphuma kwegazi, kubalulekile ukuzama ukumisa: faka i-ice ehlanganiswe ithawula noma inyama efriziwe endaweni yangaphakathi. Isisulu akufanele siphumelele ikhanda lakhe ngokuqinile, kungcono ukuyibeka kancane. Ngezinye izikhathi awukwazi ukuyeka ukuphuma kwegazi kusayithi, ngakho-ke noma kunjalo, udinga ukufuna usizo lwezokwelapha: odokotela bazokwenza i-x ray futhi, ngokuphuka kwethambo, kuzokwenza kube nokuhleleka.
Ukuphuka kwamathambo e-skull. Lona uhlobo oluyingozi kakhulu lokuphuka, i-tk. kungalimaza ubuchopho futhi kubangele ukulahlekelwa kwegazi okukhulu. Okokuqala, udinga ukubiza i-ambulensi, ngoba ngokuvamile kubalulekile ukwenza izinyathelo zokuvuselela ukusekela umsebenzi obalulekile. Ngesikhathi ulinde i-ambulensi, faka isiguli ngemuva kwakhe, ngesilonda esivulekile, vala ukuphuka ngama-napkins ahlanzekile. Ungasebenza futhi kubanda, okuzosiza ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala. Nika imishanguzo yobuhlungu yesiguli ngamaphilisi okulala ayinconywa kuze kufike ukuhlolwa kokuqala kwezokwelapha.
Ukuhlukana kwamathambo emiphetho. Lokhu kungenye yezinsalela ezivame kakhulu. Okokuqala, uma i-fracture ivulekile, umlenze uboshwe kancane ngaphezu kwesayithi elilimazayo ukuze umise igazi (shiya ibhandeka lingekho ngaphezu kwamahora angu-1.5). Ngaphambi kokufika kwe-ambulensi, kuyinto efiselekayo ukuphoqa ithayi ukuze ikwazi ukuvimbela isilwane kanye nokuhlanganyela, futhi isetshenziswe i-ice futhi inikeze isisu.
Ukuvuselelwa emva kokuhlukana kwamathambo
Amapulangwe ngemuva kokuphuka avuselelwa ngokujwayelekile ezinyangeni eziyi-1.5 kuya kwezingu-3. Kuxhomeke kuhlobo lokulimala, futhi lapho kukhona khona izinkinga, nokuthi ufaneleka kanjani
Ukuvuselelwa emva kokususwa kwe-gypsum (ezimweni eziningi zokuhlukana) ukwenza izinqubo ezilandelayo:
- Amakilasi we-physiotherapy umzimba (anezinhlangothi zomzimba).
- Physiotherapy.
- Ukudla kwamavithamini nge-calcium ephezulu.
- Ukushisa.
Ngezinye izikhathi ukuze kutholakale ngokugcwele kuyadingeka ukuqhuba izifundo eziningana ezinjalo ngekhefu emavikini amabili.