Ukuntuleka kwe-oxygen emzimbeni noma i-hypoxia ibhekwa njengesimo esiyingozi kakhulu, okuvame ukuholela ekufeni. Ukuhluleka okunamandla okuphefumula kungahle kwenzeke ngokumelene nesizinda sezinto ezihlukahlukene zokudala, kodwa njalo kudinga ukungenelela kwezokwelapha eziphuthumayo.
Izimbangela zokuhluleka okuphefumulayo
Isimo esivame ukubhekwa ngaso sonke isikhathi sivela ngenxa yezifo ezilandelayo:
- ukuphuka kwezimbambo nezinye ukulimala esifubeni;
- umonakalo ohlelweni lokuphefumula;
- ukuphazamiseka kwemikhakha ephakathi kwemizwa elawula umsebenzi wokuphefumula;
- i-hemo- ne-pneumothorax;
- izifo kanye nokulimala kwengqondo;
- i-pneumonia;
- i-edema yamapulmari;
- ukunciphisa endaweni yokusebenza kwamaphaphu;
- ukuphazamiseka kwegazi egazini elincane;
- i-thromboembolism yomshini we-pulmonary ;
- ukudlula izidakamizwa;
- ukwephulwa kwe-airway patency;
- i-asthma ye-bronchial;
- umkhuhlane we-typhoid;
- ukushaya;
- i-poliomyelitis;
- i-tetanus;
- i-kyphoscoliosis;
- i-botulism.
Futhi, i-syndrome yehluleka ukuphefumula iyaphawulwa uma izinto zangaphandle, isibonelo, amanzi (ukugwinya), nemizimba ingena ku-lumen yendlela yokuphefumula.
Izimpawu zokuhluleka okunzima kokuphefumula
Izimpawu zesimo somzimba zihlanganisa:
- i-cyanosis;
- injabulo eshaqisayo, ngokushesha ishintshwe ukulibazisa kokuphendula;
- ukuphefumula ;
- i-tachycardia;
- shintsha umbala wesikhumba emgqonyeni obomvu nokubomvu;
- ukulahlekelwa kokuqonda;
- ukwabiwa ngokweqile kokuthuthumela;
- ukwenza imizamo yokwenza umsebenzi wokuphefumula, okubandakanya imisipha eyisizayo kule nqubo;
- isifo somfutho wegazi ophezulu, bese i-hypotension;
- i-bradyarrhythmia;
- ukuvuvukala kwe-larynx;
- ukuphelelwa yisifo, i-tachypnea;
- ukufakwa kweziguli endaweni yokuphoqeleka yomzimba (ukuhlala, ukuphumula izandla).
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi isibonakaliso sokugcina esikhombisayo sivumela ukuhlukanisa izifo ezibhekwayo ezivela kwamanye amazwe anezibonakaliso ezifanayo, isibonelo, ukulingana okunempilo.
Ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo ukuhluleka okukhulu kokuphefumula
Okokuqala udinga ukubiza ithimba labodokotela, uchaze ngokuningiliziwe izibonakaliso zokugula kanye nesimo sempilo yesisulu. Esigabeni sangaphambi kwesibhedlela, usizo lokuqala lokuhluleka okuphefumula kanje:
- Vula izinkinobho ezembathweni noma uyisuse esigulini uma iminyanisa umzimba.
- Nikeza isisulu isikhundla esiphakeme, ukuphakamisa kancane ikhanda lakhe bese ulibeka eceleni kwakhe.
- Hlanza umlomo womlomo we-mucus futhi uchithe ngomunwe oboshwe nge-bandage oyinyumba noma i-kerchief ehlanzekile.
- Uma kunokwenzeka, khipha izoni zesisindo ngokusebenzisa i-pear ekhethekile noma idivayisi efanayo.
- Uma kukhona ulimi olunezintambo, ngokungahambisani nesikhumba somuntu, phonsa umhlathi ophansi phambili bese ucindezela ulimi ukuya emgqeni wamazinyo ophansi.
- Qaphela ukufinyelela okuphezulu emoyeni omusha.
Ukwelashwa kokuhluleka okunamandla okuphefumula
Ngemuva kokuhlala esibhedlela, odokotela benza imisebenzi enjalo:
- Ukuthuthwa kwendle okuphuthumayo kwendlela yokuphefumula.
- Ukugqugquzela ama-mechanical of a cough.
- Ukuhlambalaza nokwaziswa kwe-trachea (ezimweni ezimbi).
- I-inhalation mucolytics, izixazululo ze-alkaline, ama-decongestants kanye nezidakamizwa ze-hormonal.
- Amanzi ase-postural.
- Ukulayishwa kwembuthano elincane lokugeleza kwegazi ngokusungulwa kwezixazululo ze-strophanthin, euphyllin, i-prednisolone, i-lasix noma i-corglicon.
- Oxygenotherapy ngokusebenzisa i-oxygen mask, i-catheter noma itende elimnyama.
- Ukulungiswa kwezinkinga zemetabolisi ngokusebenzisa i-cocarboxylase, izingxube ze-polarisation, isisombululo se-vitamin B6, i-Panangin, i-bicarbonate ye-sodium.