Ukubhukuda kuyinhlobo yemidlalo, lapho abahlanganyeli bomncintiswano kufanele banqobe ibanga elithile ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Imithetho yanamuhla ivimbela ukubhukuda ngaphezulu kwamamitha angu-15 emgqeni oqondile. Kumele uqaphele ukuthi ukubhukuda akubandakanyi lezo zinhlobo ezidinga ukucwiliswa okugcwele emanzini ngekhanda - lokhu sekuvele kufakwe esigabeni se "sports scuba diving".
Ukubhukuda kwezemidlalo: izinhlobo
Ngokusemthethweni, ukubhukuda njengemidlalo kuhlanganisa izinombolo eziningi, okunye okubambelela emincintiswaneni yamazinga ahlukene:
- empeleni ukubhukuda,
- ukubhukuda okuvumelanisiwe,
- amanzi polo,
- ukugxuma emanzini.
Ukulawula phezu kwemidlalo yamanzi kwenziwa yi-International Swimming Federation (FINA), eyasungulwa ngo-1908.
Izindlela zokubhukuda kwezemidlalo
Kuze kube yimanje, kunezitayela eziningi zokubhukuda: isifuba, ukugwaza, ukubhukuda ngemuva kanye ne-butterfly. Ake sicabangele izici zesimo ngasinye.
I-Crawl (noma i-freestyle)
Lapha sidinga izincazelo zegama elibili. Ekuqaleni, isitayela samahhala sasivunyelwe ukuba siguge nganoma iyiphi indlela, ngokushintsha ngokuzenzakalelayo ngesikhathi somncintiswano. Nokho, kamuva, kusukela ngo-1920, zonke lezi zinhlobonhlobo zafakwa esikhundleni sokushada okusheshayo nokushesha okusheshayo kokubhukuda.
Kukholelwa ukuthi umlando wenogwaja ubuyela emuva emakhulwini eminyaka amaningi, kepha ukujwayele kabusha futhi ukuqashelwa emhlabeni wonke kule midlalo kwaba ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19 leminyaka, lapho umncintiswano wasetshenziselwa lesi sitayela amaNdiya aseMelika. Kodwa-ke, abaseYurophu ekuqaleni babecabanga ukuthi lesi sitayela sokuhamba singabheki ngokungadingekile, futhi benqaba ukwamukela isipiliyoni esiyingqayizivele. Noma kunjalo, le mbono yokubuka maduzane igxile ekugqibeleni, futhi maduzane inqubo esheshayo isetshenziswe ngabadlali abavela emazweni ahlukene.
U-Krol uhlobo lokubhukuda esifubeni, lapho umgijimi eshaya khona ukushaya kwesokudla, khona-ke isandla sesobunxele, kanye nalo, sikhulisa futhi sinciphise imilenze yakhe. Kulesi simo, ubuso bomdlali busemanzini, futhi nje kuphela bamba umoya, uphakamise phakathi kwemivimbo.
Ukubhukuda ngemuva
Ukubhukuda ngemuva - lolu hlobo lokuhamba ngezinye izikhathi lubizwa ngokuthi "ukukhwabanisa okuguquguqukayo." Ukunyakaza kuleli cala kuyafana, kepha ukushaywa kwenziwa ngezandla eziqondile, futhi kusuka endaweni "ngemuva".
I-Brass
Ubisi luyisitayela sokubhukuda esifubeni, lapho umgijimi ogijimelayo enza khona ukulinganisa, ukunyakaza okukanyekanye kwezandla nezinyawo. Lona uhlobo oludala kunazo zonke lokubhukuda. Ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwamandla aphansi, lesi sitayela sikuvumela ukuba unqobe amabanga amade.
I-Butterfly (ihlengethwa)
I-Butterfly isitayela sokubhukuda esifubeni, lapho umgijimi we-swimmer enza u-symmetrical, ama-stroke ngesikhathi esisodwa nomzimba wesokunxele. Lesi yisitayela esinamandla kunawo wonke, esidinga izinga eliphezulu lokukhuthazela nokunemba.
Ukuqeqeshwa ekubhukuda kwezemidlalo
Ngokwesiko, ukubhukuda kwezemidlalo kwezingane kuyatholakala kusuka eminyakeni engu-6-7. Ngokwesiko, izikole zifundisa kuqala kokunye
Manje kunenqwaba yezikole zokubhukuda kubantu abadala, lapho noma yikuphi umuntu ozofundiswa kalula futhi ngesibindi ukuhlala emanzini futhi anqobe noma yikuphi ukude. Phakathi nokuzivocavoca okunjalo, imisipha ikhula futhi iqinisa wonke umzimba, ngakho ukubhukuda kuyindlela enhle yokuthuthukisa ifomu lakho lezemidlalo.