Izwe lezesayensi liyaqhubeka liyamangaza ngezinto ezitholakalayo, futhi umkhakha wezenhlalakahle nezomnotho awunqamuli noma. Amakhophi amasha ezimisweni zezimali, amamodeli womsebenzi wezimakethe, kuyilapho inqubo yokuhlaziya idinga ochwepheshe ukuba bafunde. Uyini umsebenzi wokuqala? Ukuqaliswa kwezinhlelo ezibalulwe ngenhla ezimakethe zomhlaba kungumthwalo wabathengi.
Iyini "emisha"?
I-innovative iyinhlangano ekhethekile ekhuthaza amathuluzi amasha nobuchwepheshe emakethe, idonsela ukunakekelwa komphakathi kumanvelties angavamile. U-Economy Schumpeter wase-Austria wayengowokuqala ukunikeza lokhu okukhethekile, futhi eRussia lelo gama lafundwa kuphela ekupheleni kwekhulu leminyaka elidlule. Amanyuvesi amaningi kuleli zwe aqeqesha ochwepheshe kule nkambu, ngokucabangela izinto zangaphakathi ezifuywayo.
Kunezibonakaliso ezinjalo zokuqala:
- intsha enhle;
- ukufuna;
- ukufezeka;
- impumelelo eqhubekayo ezuzisayo.
Okubalulekile emisha yizimiso nemithetho yezinqubo ezintsha, amamodeli kanye nezindlela zokucwaninga, inhlangano kanye nobuholi emazingeni ahlukene:
- isizwe;
- isifunda;
- esilinganisweni samabhizinisi ngabanye.
Ingabe kufanelekile ukufunda kusuka emisha?
Abafakizicelo abaningi babonisa: kubalulekile yini ukufunda ukuhlakanipha okusha, futhi yiziphi amathuba okuba zivule umsebenzi ozayo ? Ukwenziwa kwemisebenzi kuyinto ekhethekile efuna ulwazi oluningi, ochwepheshe bekusasa ezifundweni eziphakeme ezifundiswayo bafundiswa:
- ukuthola nokuthuthukisa imibono yezimpahla kanye nezinsizakalo ezimakethe ezidinga;
- ukutadisha ukuthambekela kwezwe, futhi ngesisekelo sabo sokubala izinto ezidingekayo kanye nezimpahla ezidingekayo kubantu;
- ukubona izingozi nezindleko;
- count count;
- ukuthola imithombo yezimali ekuthuthukiseni iphrojekthi.
Imisebenzi Yomphakathi
Ngokungafani nezinye izinsizakalo zesayensi, lokhu okhethekile nakho kuhlolisisa ukushintsha kohlobo olulodwa lwenqubo yezenhlalo komuntu ohlukile, onokwethenjelwa, okuvumela ukusebenzisa imiphumela ngokunyuka okuqhubekayo kwekhanda lomqondo. Kunesiqondiso - intsha emphakathini, izifundo ezishintshayo ezintweni kanye nezihloko zobuholi bezenhlalakahle. Amaphoyinti amakhulu okubhekisela:
- ukuthuthukiswa kwezimo zokusebenza;
- isixazululo sezinkinga zemithi, imfundo kanye namasiko;
- ukushintshanisa ulwazi ekusebenziseni ubuchwepheshe bezenhlalo zaseYurophu: iziguli, ukuhlolwa kwemvelo, ukuvuselelwa kwengqondo .
Ukwenziwa Kwezomnotho
Umnotho wezinguquko usekelwe ekuthuthukiseni okuqhubekayo, ukuthuthukiswa kwemikhiqizo emisha neyigugu, kuyilapho inendima ebalulekile inikwa abakhiqizi kanye nososayensi. Ngokusho kochwepheshe, lolu hlobo locwaningo lwesayensi lunikeza izwe inzuzo ebalulekile. Uyini umsebenzi wokuqala? - Abaprofesa abaningi kanye nabasunguli bezinto eziningi bahlanganyela ngokubona kwabo namhlanje. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ukudlula kwemibono, amalungelo obunikazi nobuchwepheshe kunika amandla:
- ukuncintisana okuwusizo kanye nentuthuko yezimboni
- ukwakheka kwezimakethe ezintsha;
- ukufaka amafomu ezindala zenhlangano ngokudala okuningi.
Ukukhishwa okusha kuyadingeka
Yini ehilelekile emisha - ngokusobala, omunye umbuzo: kuphi wonke lawa makghono asetshenzisiwe? Ochwepheshe abanolwazi bangathola kalula umsebenzi:
- embonini ye-IT;
- ibhizinisi logistics ne-patent;
- amabhange kanye nezindawo zokuhweba.
Ukuqalwa kobuchwepheshe kunikezela ezihlukahlukene, njengezimpande ze-epistemological, ezisetshenziselwayo kanye nezinye izayensi:
- umnotho;
- ifilosofi;
- inhlalakahle;
- ukumaketha kanye ne-informatics.
Ubani okufanele asebenze ngemuva kwemisha?
Ubani okufanele asebenze ngemuva kwekhono "lemisha"? Kubuntu bokudala nokwenza izinto - lokhu okukhethekile okuthakazelisayo kakhulu. Ukuveliswa, ukufuna, ukuziqhenya - konke lokho kudonsela abantu abasha, ngakho-ke akulula ukuthola ukusetshenziswa kwamakhono abo kule nkambu. Uchwepheshe wezinto ezintsha usezingeni lokuphatha, ngakho-ke, ngaphezu kokwazi okuhle, umuntu kufanele abe nezimfanelo zomholi, akwazi ukucubungula ulwazi oluningi ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngokushesha abale izimo eziyinkimbinkimbi, futhi akwazi ukuxhumana nabantu.
Ngokuzikhandla nokubekezela ukwenza umsebenzi omuhle ngempela, ochwepheshe emisha bayathola izikhundla zobuholi:
- abaphathi bephrojekthi;
- ochwepheshe ekuhleleni kwebhizinisi,
- abaqondisi bezobuchwepheshe.
Sazi ukuthi yini entsha - indlela yokusebenza intombazane ngumbuzo wemvelo. Lesi siqondiso sihlanganisa kokubili ingxenye yezobuchwepheshe kanye nokuthengisa okulodwa, ngakho abaqeqeshwayo abaqeqeshiwe bezinkampani basebenza njengabanjiniyela, abathengisi, abakhangisi, baqondise amadivaysi nezinhlelo zakamuva, baqhube ucwaningo oluzimele. Izitimela zamanje zamanyuvesi abaqeqeshiwe ekuthuthukiseni ezintsha kwamazwe, izifunda, amabhizinisi, izazi ezinhle zithola umsebenzi ezakhiweni zombuso eziqondisa izici zokuthuthukiswa komnotho.