Isizathu esivame kakhulu se-ambulensi yocingo yi-crisis hypertensive, izimpawu zazo ezijwayele ukuthi cishe okwesithathu kweziguli ezinegazi eliphezulu. Inkinga idinga ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo kwezokwelapha, okuqukethe, okokuqala, ekunciphiseni ukucindezelwa kwegazi (BP).
Ukuhlukaniswa
Kunezinhlobo ezilandelayo zenkinga:
- I-Hyperkinetic - ijwayele izigaba zokuqala ze-hypertension ye-arterial futhi ikhula ngokushesha. Esikhathini sokuhlukaniswa kwamashumi eminyaka adlule, lesi simo sabizwa ngokuthi yi-neurovegetative crisis-hypertensive - izimpawu zayo zikhona kulokho okuthiwa. "Izimpawu zemifino". Isiguli sibhekene nokuthuthumela emisipha, sithuthumela kakhulu, ukushaya kwenhliziyo kwanda, ukubomvu kungabonakala esikhumbeni. Inkinga enjalo ithatha amahora amathathu kuya kwangu-4.
- I-hypokinetic - yenza uzizwele ngezinyathelo ezisheshayo ze-hypertension, futhi ikhula kancane futhi ihlala emahoreni amane kuya ezinsukwini ezimbalwa.
Izimpawu zenkinga yegazi ephezulu
Ngenkinga yohlobo lokuqala yiluphawu:
- ukwanda kwengcindezi (mhlawumbe umkhawulo ongaphezulu, ie systolic) kuya kuma-200 mm Hg. Art. nokuningi;
- ukwanda kwentando yenhliziyo;
- ukwanda kwe-pulse pressure (umehluko phakathi kwengcindezi engaphezulu nephansi).
Lezi zibonakaliso ezingenhla ezichazwe ngenhla ziyabonakala, iziguli zixoshwa kakhulu. Ngenkinga ye-hyperkinetic, i-adrenaline igxila egazini, ngenxa yokuthi i-systolic blood pressure iyanda, i- tachycardia ne-hyperglycemia ikhula (ukwanda kwezinga le-glucose). Ikhanda libuhlungu kakhulu entanyeni yentamo, ngaphambi kokuba amehlo aphephe "izimpukane", ingcindezi ibonakala emathempelini.
Izimpawu ezisemqoka zenkinga ye-hypertensive yomhlobo wesibili zandisa ukwanda kwegazi - konke okuphezulu nokuphansi kufinyelela kumanani amakhulu, noma kunjalo, ukwanda kwe-diastolic blood pressure, egazini kune-norepinephrin eningi. Iziguli zibukeka zivinjelwe, zizwa ukulala, isizungu, ukukhanda ikhanda, isicashu.
Ngokuvamile, inkinga ye-hypertensive inezibonakaliso ezitholakala kokubili kohlobo lokuqala nolwesibili. Kwezinye izimo, isiguli singase siqale ukugwinya, ukukhubazeka, ukwephula ulwazi.
Izimbangela zezinkinga eziphezulu zegazi
Ukuthuthukiswa kwalesi simo esibucayi kuthonywa yizici ezilandelayo:
- ukuqeda izidakamizwa ezinamandla okubhebhetheka emzimbeni obhekene ne-background of hypertension;
- izinguquko ngokungazelelwe ezimweni zesimo sezulu;
- ukucindezeleka kwengqondo, ukucindezeleka ;
- ukuthatha utshwala noma usawoti oluningi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimbangela zezinkinga ezibangelwa umfutho wegazi ophezulu zingatholakala ngaphambi kwesifo, isibonakaliso saso. Ngakho le nkinga ngokuvamile ivela ezigulini ezine:
- umonakalo ezitsheni zezinso;
- pheochromocytoma;
- Isifo sikaCushing;
- I-Connes syndrome, njll.
Kodwa-ke, abantu abanesifo somfutho wegazi (isisindo esiphezulu segazi) bathinteka kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni inkinga.
Usizo lokuqala
Njengoba ingcindezi ye-hypertensive inemiphumela emibi, izimpawu kufanele zisuswe ngokushesha. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa izidakamizwa zokunciphisa (izidakamizwa ezinamandla):
- i-propranolol noma enye i-beta-blockers ifaneleka i-tachycardia (isilinganiso senhliziyo esisheshayo);
- I-Captopril iyasebenza uma kukhona umlando wesifo sikashukela, ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo, ukushaya kwegazi;
- i-nifedipine yokukhishwa kwezimpawu zenkinga ye-hypertensive inikezwa ngokukhulelwa, ukuhlukunyezwa kwesifo sezinso noma sezinso.
Njengoba le nkinga iqala ikakhulukazi ezigulini zamashukela, izidakamizwa ezifanele kufanele ziseduze. Ngaphambi kokufika kwe-ambulensi, ungabeka i-mustard plaster emilenzeni noma emhlane ongezansi, wenze amabhati ezinyawo ezishisayo, ufake ukucindezela okubandayo ekhanda lakho. Isiguli sidinga ukuphumula okuphelele - ngokomzimba nangokomzwelo.
Ukunciphisa ukucindezelwa kwegazi akumelwe neze kube ngokuqinile, ngokufanele - 10 mm Hg. ngehora.