I-cancer iyisifo esiyingozi, njengoba ivame ukuvela ngaphandle kokubonakaliswa kwemitholampilo futhi kuvame ukutholakala kuphela ngezigaba ezinzima zesifo. I-oncology yebele ivela emangqamuzaneni e-epithelium efaka amathanga ebisi noma emathisheni angama-glandular.
Izimpawu zomdlavuza webele
Phakathi kwezibonakaliso ze-oncology zesifuba, omunye angakwazi ukubona okuyinhloko, okuqukethe ukutholakala kokuhlanganiswa esifubeni. Ukuba khona kwe "Isigaxa" esifubeni kuhlale kuphazamisa. Phela, kungaba semfundo emihle kanye nomdlavuza.
Esikhathini sokuqala se-neoplasm engokwemvelo, njengomthetho, kunomjikelezo ojikelezayo, ongenabuhlungu esifubeni. Isici saso siyakwazi ukuzama ukuzama ukushintsha. Lokhu kungenxa yokungena kwamathiski azungezile. Ngosayizi omkhulu we-tumor, umehluko phakathi kwe-gland enempilo kanye ne-gland ethintekile kubonakala. Amabele angase akhubazeke. Ezinye izimpawu zomdlavuza webele zihlanganisa lokhu okulandelayo:
- Ukukhishwa kwegazi okuvela ensikeni kwenzeka ngesisu esivela ku-ductal epithelium, esesiteji sokubola.
- Izinguquko ku-ingono. Lezi zingaba isilonda (ikakhulukazi izici zomdlavuza wePaget). Futhi, kungaba khona ukuguqulwa okuqhubeka njalo, okungaguquki kwengono. Uphawu olunjalo lungase lube uphawu lokuqala lwesisu esitholakala ngaphansi kwe-ingono.
- Isibonakaliso se "ikhasi lemon". Ezimweni ezimbi, ukuphuma kwe-lymph kusuka gland kuyaphazamiseka. Ngenxa yalokhu, kwakha uhlobo lwe-edema, lapho isikhumba sibe luhlobo lesikhumba sezithelo ze-citrus.
- Isibonakaliso sokwenziwa komlomo. Ngenxa yokuqiniswa kwemigqa ye-mammary gland kuya esikhumbeni, isikhumba sidonsela endaweni engaphezu kwengqondo yokugulisa.
- I-Edema yesifuba isici somdlavuza we-edematous.
- Ukwandiswa kwama-lymph node-axillary, ngisho noma kukhona ukubunjwa okuncane emthonjeni we-mammary, kufanele kuholele emcimbini wenqubo yezinto eziphilayo. Kubuye kubalulekile ukufaka ama-lymph nodes esezansi nangaphansi kwe-clavicle.
- I-oncology ye-mammary gland esiteji sesine ihambisana nokubekwa kwe-metastatic cell of cell tumor in izitho ezihlukahlukene. Ngokuvame ukugujwa kwamaphaphu namathambo.
Ukwelashwa nokuvuselelwa phambi kwe-oncology yebele
Nge-oncology eminingi, noma umdlavuza webele, kuzwakala sengathi isinqumo. Kodwa okwamanje kunethuba lokususwa okukhulu kwe-oncologic ukugxila ngokuphelele. Ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo komdlavuza webele kusho ukukhishwa kokuhlinzwa kwesisu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, basebenzisa i-chemotherapy, i-radiotherapy kanye nokuphathwa kwezidakamizwa ze-hormone.
Ngenhloso yokuvuselelwa nokuqhubeka nokwelashwa kweziguli ezinezifo ezingokwemvelo zesifuba, ukubonwa kwemibandela kuboniswa. Okokuqala, ukuhlolwa kuqhutshwa kanye njalo emva kwezinyanga ezintathu, njalo kancane - njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha. Uma i- mastectomy , okungukuthi, lapho isusa isikhumba, ibonisa ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezikhethekile.
Ukukhubazeka kwi-oncology yebele kuncike ezimweni ezilandelayo:
- emva kokuhlinzwa
ezigulini ezinekhono elilahlekile lokusebenza emisebenzini yomsebenzi wabasebenzi; - lapho kukhona izinkinga ezihlobene nokusebenza;
- ngokusho okungaqondakali kokuthola isimo lapho kutholakala khona inqubo yesifo sofuba;
- ngokuphindaphinda kwesisu;
- ngesikhathi se-chemotherapy noma imithi yokwelashwa;
- inkambo enzima, ngesigaba esingelapheki lesi sifo.
Ukuze kutholakale umdlavuza webele wezinsuku ngesikhathi esifanele, kubalulekile ukuba ube nesimmography yonyaka noma i-ultrasound scan of the glands. Futhi uma unezibonakaliso zokuqala zomdlavuza webele, udinga ukuxhumana nomama we-mammologist.