I-Botulism iyingozi kakhulu ebangelwa ubuthi be- botulinum. Lesi sifo sithatha lapho sidla ukudla okungcolile futhi sihambisana nokulimala ohlelweni oluyisisekelo nolwazi lwezombusazwe. Esikhathini sokuqala, izimpawu zesifo zifana nokubonakaliswa kwe-gastroenteritis.
Izimbangela ze-botulism
I-agent ye-causative ye-botulism ibhekisela kuma-bacterial anaerobic, okungukuthi, ukuphila futhi aphindaphinda kuphela endaweni engenawo umoya-mpilo. I-wandululum wand ikhona ngezindlela ezimbili: i-vegetative ne-spore. Ama-spores angahlala enhlabathini isikhathi eside, ayenwe ukwanda kwemibandela yemvelo futhi ahlala isikhathi eside kakhulu. Amelana nokumisa, ukushisa, ukupheka. Bend kuphela ngemithi yokushisa yehora lesigamu, futhi izinga lokushisa kufanele libe okungenani ama-degrees angu-120.
Ukungena esimweni esingenamoya esingenalutho, i-bacterium idlula ifomu futhi iqala ukukhuphula, ngenkathi ikhulula ubuthi, okuyizikhathi ezingu-375 000 eziyingozi kakhulu kunobuthi be-rattlesnake. I-dose ebulalayo yalesi toxin kubantu isinganiselwa ku-0.3 micrograms. Ifomu lezitshalo zebhaktheriya libhubha emilindeni emizuzu emihlanu.
Umthombo wokutheleleka ungaba ukudla okusemathinini, inyama ebhemayo, inhlanzi. Muva nje, umthombo ovame ukutheleleka ngamakhowe akheniwe.
I-bacterium ngokwayo ayingozi, kuphela ubuthi obukhiqiza ekusebenzeni komsebenzi obalulekile kubonisa usongo.
Izimpawu ze-botulism
Isikhathi sokugxilwa nge-botulism sivela emahoreni amabili kuya kwezinsuku ezimbili noma ezintathu (lesi samuva esimweni esingavamile) futhi sincike enani le-toxin engene emzimbeni.
Izimpawu ze-botulism esiteji sokuqala zingase zibe khona ngokucacile futhi zikhumbule ezinye izifo ezihlobene nomuthi wesisu, okuyinto enzima ukuxilongwa.
Izimpawu zokuqala ze-botulism zihlanganisa:
- ikhanda;
- ubuhlungu besisu, ukuhlanza, isifo sohudo;
- ubuthakathaka kanye nosizi;
- Umbono okhubazekile (umbono kabili, njll);
- ukwandisa izinga lokushisa ngenxa yokudakwa komzimba;
- ubunzima ngokugwinya (ukuzwa kwesikhumba emqaleni).
Cishe ngemva kwamahora angu-24 emva kokutheleleka, izinga lokushisa lomzimba ngokuvamile liqiniswa, futhi izimpawu zesimiso somonakalo wezinzwa ziza phambili.
Izimpawu ze-botulism zingabonakala ngezihumusho ezintathu:
- Inketho ye-Gastroenterological. Izimpawu ezicacile ziyabonakala kusukela emathunjini omzimba: ukuphazamiseka kokugaya ukudla, ubuhlungu besisu, isicanucanu, umlomo owomile, ugoqa emqaleni.
- Okukhethwa kweso. Okokuqala, kubonakala kulesi sifo sombono: umbono ophindwe kabili, ukubonakala kwamachashazi kanye "nezimpukane" phambi kwamehlo , ukwephula ukucaca kombono.
- Ukuhluleka okunamandla okuphefumula. Kubonakala ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu zobuthi futhi kungaholela ekufeni kwesiguli kungakapheli amahora 3-4. Kukhona i-tachycardia, i-cyanosis, izifo zokuphefumula.
I-Botulism yisifo esisongela impilo ukuthi, lapho kungekho ukuhlinzeka kwezokwelapha eziphuthumayo, kuholela ekufeni, ngokuvamile ngenxa yokuhluleka ukuphefumula. Ukwakhiwa kwezibhedlela uma kwenzeka ukutheleleka kuyimpoqo.
Ukuvimbela i-botulism
Ukuze ugweme ukutheleleka nge-botulism, udinga ukugcina ngokucophelela izindinganiso zangasese nokuqapha izinga lemikhiqizo. Ungadli ukudla okuphelelwe yisikhathi, noma ezimweni lapho ungabaza khona ngekhwalithi yabo. Kumakhansela ekhaya kumelwe inzalo futhi uphethwe. Imifino ngaphambi kokulondolozwa kumele ihlanzwe kahle ukuze igweme umhlaba, futhi kungcono ukuyivuna ngokukhethwa noma ukukhethisa, ngoba imvelo enjalo ayinakulungele amabhodlela we-botulinum futhi izosiza ukugwema ukubukeka kwayo.