I-Ascite, eyaziwa ngokuthi yi-dropsy, yinkinga ebonakala ngokuqoqwa emgodini wesisu, okuthiwa i-fluid free. Ukwakhiwa kwalo kuxhomeke ekuqaliseni kwama-ascites, izimpawu nezimbangela zazo ezizoxoxwa ngezansi. Umthamo wamanzi ungakwazi ukufinyelela ama-25 amalitha.
Izimbangela ze-ascites
Izizathu eziyinhloko ze-dropsy zifaka okulandelayo:
- ukucindezela okukhulu emgodini we-portal, okuyinto ejwayelekile yokuyihlwitha nge-lymph nodes ekhulisiwe noma i-tumor, i-thrombosis, i-hepatitis, i-cirrhosis;
- ukucindezelwa kwemisipha ye-hepatic ngenxa yokuxubana kwe-venous nokuhluleka kwenhliziyo noma i-pericarditis eyinqaba;
- ukwephulwa kwamanzi lymph;
- kunciphise ukucindezelwa kwe-oncotic, okwenzeka nge-nephrosis, i-cachexia, ukuphazamiseka kokudla komzimba;
- ukhipha igazi emgodini wesisu;
- inqubo yokuvuvukala.
Ukuvuvukala kwesifo esithathelwanayo, esiyingozi noma esingapheliyo, kuba imbangela ye-ascites yesisu ngesifo sofuba se-peritoneum. Inqubo yokuvuvukala emithanjeni ehambisana nokuvuthwa kwemikhumbi yegazi ibangela ukubola kwe- glomerulonephritis enamandla, ama-collagenoses. Kunezibonakaliso ze-ascites kanye nomdlavuza we-peritonitis, okwenza ukuthi ukuvuvukala okungahambi kahle kube khona.
Izimpawu ze-ascites kubantu
Uphawu oluyinhloko lwe-dropsy landa kakhulu ngobukhulu besisu. Isikhumba kuso sithenduliwe, sikhanya, imifino ibonakala ngokucacile, ikakhulukazi inkaba. Esikhundleni sokuma, isisu esigcwele uketshezi silenga kancane bese sihamba phambili kamuva, uma isiguli sifakwa ngemuva. Ezinye izibonakaliso zezici ze-ascites zesigxobo sesisu esisodwa siyi-protrusion yesifunda somgodi, kanye nomsindo ongenangqondo nge-percussion. Esikhundleni esivamile, sitholakala ezindaweni ezingezansi. Uma isiguli sigxilwe ngakwesokudla, umcibisholo uzobonisa umsindo ongenalutho ngakwesobunxele futhi ngokuphambene nalokho. Lesi sibonakaliso se-ascites asiyona isici se-hydrocephalus yemvelaphi yokuvuvukala ngenxa yokuncishiswa kwamathambo kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwezingodo zamathumbu ngodonga lwesisu nangaphakathi kwabo.
Lapho kutholakala i-hydrocephalus, amateyipu odokotela esiswini, efaka isandla ngakolunye uhlangothi: lokhu kusiza ukubona ukuthi kukhona ukushintshashintsha, okungukuthi, ukushintshashintsha kwamanzi abilayo.
Uma imbangela ye-ascites i-carcinomatosis ye-peritoneum, kungenzeka ukuhlola izimpawu, ezihamba kalula; uma ukuphuma kwegazi kwenzeka e-peritoneum - isikhumba esizungeze inkaba sinamahlumela.
Ukucaciswa kohlobo lwe-ascites
Ukulungisa izimpawu ze-ascites, udokotela ngeke anikeze ukwelashwa kuze kube yilapho kukhishwa i-puncture. Le nqubo ihilela ukukhishwa kwesisu ngaphansi kweveli futhi kwenziwa kokubili ngezinhloso zokwelapha (kungenzeka ukunciphisa ingcindezi kwi-vena cava ephansi futhi kuthuthukise ukujikeleza kwegazi) nakuzo zokuxilonga.
Uketshezi olulondoloziwe lwendlela yalo luhlukaniswa ukuba lube yi-exudate ne-exudate. I-exudate yona ingaba yi-serous, i-hemorrhagic, i-fibrinous ne-chyle. I-transudate, empofu emaprotheni, ekugcineni iba yinzuzo nayo, futhi amanzi akhululekile athola uhlamvu lwe "transudate exudate".
I-Transudate isici se-ascites esabangelwa ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo, i-cirrhosis yesibindi, i-pericarditis eqinile, isisu se-mediastinal, i-nephrotic syndrome, i-thrombosis ye-veptic hepatic, umdlavuza (engxenyeni yamacala), kanye ne-dietary dystrophy.
I-exudate itholakala nge-collagenoses, i-peritonitis ngenxa yesifo sofuba, umdlavuza, ukutheleleka. Uma uketshezi olunqwabelene
I-Chileous exudate enezici ezinamafutha atholakele uma kwenzeka ukwephulwa kwamanzi lymph ngokusebenzisa umzila we-thoracic ngenxa yokucindezelwa yi-lymph nodes ekhulisiwe noma isisu. I-exudate ye-Pseudo-Cholesteric enokuqukethwe okuncane kwamaconsi amafutha kuyisici sokuqedwa kwama-cysts ama-ovarian. Uma i-bile itholakale emthonjeni, ukubola kwe-bile ukukhishwa kukhonjisiwe, nakuba ezimweni ezingavamile kuyabonakala ngemuva kwesibindi se-foopsy.