I-embryo (noma umbungu) iyimvelo ekhulayo ngaphakathi komama. Isimo sombungu womuntu siqhubeka kuze kube amasonto ayisithupha okukhulelwa. Ngalesi sikhathi, iqanda elikhulelwe lidlula indlela yentuthuko emzimbeni onayo yonke into ebalulekile yomuntu. Futhi emva kwamasonto angu-8, umbungu ubizwa ngokuthi i-fetus.
Ukuthuthukiswa kombungu womuntu
Esikhathini sokuthuthukiswa, umbungu wesintu udlula ngezigaba eziningana (izikhathi): isikhathi se-zygote, isikhathi sokuhlukaniswa kwe-zygote , ukugcoba, isikhathi sokuzihlukanisa nokuthuthukiswa kwezitho nezicubu.
Isikhathi se-zygote (umbungu wama-unicellular) siphila isikhathi esifushane. Ngokushesha ngemva kokufika kwesiteji sokuchoboza amaqanda - okungukuthi, ukuphindaphinda kwamaseli abizwa ngokuthi i-blastomeres. I-Zygote isivele ihlukaniswe endleleni kusukela embhedeni we-uterine kuya esibelethweni. Esikhathini sokuqala kokugaya, i-embryo inamabhukumaka wesimiso sezinzwa, ama-musculature, axial skeleton.
Futhi ukuthuthukiswa kwazo zonke izinhlelo eziyisisekelo nezitho zomuntu wesikhathi esizayo. Kusuka ectoderm, isikhumba, izinzwa kanye nesistimu yezinzwa zenziwa. I-epithelium ye-digestive canal ivela ekugcineni kwe-endoderm, imisipha, i-epithelium ye-serous membrane kanye nesistimu ye-genitourinary evela ku-mesoderm, ne-cartilage, i-connective and bone tissues, igazi kanye nesistimu ye-vasenmyme.
Inhliziyo yombungu
Ngeviki lesine lokukhulelwa, ukuqala kwenhliziyo kuqala. Kuze kube manje, kubonakala sengathi ithubhu elingenalutho. Ukunyakaza kokuqala okushayisayo, ukushaya kwenhliziyo kokuqala kombungu kubonakala ngeviki lesihlanu lokukhulelwa.
Inhliziyo iyaqhubeka ithuthuka, futhi ngokushesha iba amakamelo amane - nge-atria nama-ventricles amabili. Lokhu kwenzeka ngesonto 8-9. Isakhiwo senhliziyo sihluke kakhulu enhliziyweni yomuntu omncane ozelwe. Iwindidi ye-oval phakathi kwe-atrium kwesobunxele nelungile kanye nomzila we-bottlenose phakathi kwe-aorta nomthambo we-pulmonary. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuhlinzeka umzimba wonke nge-oxygen ngokungabikho ozimele
Ukuthuthukiswa kombungu okulindile
Kwenzeka ukuthi umbungu uhlezi emuva ekuthuthukisweni kwawo. Umgogodla wokuthuthukiswa kombungu ungabangela ukukhipha isisu okuzenzekelayo. Izenzakalo ezinjalo zenzeka lapho imibungu ingafinyeleli esigabeni sokuthuthukiswa komntwana, futhi imbangela evame kakhulu yokuphutha kabi yi-chromosomal engavamile.
Izizathu eziyinhloko zobungozi ziyizinsuku zomama kanye nokuhlukumeza nokukhipha isisu emlandweni wesifazane. Akunakwenzeka ukukhuluma ngethonya lokuphuza utshwala nezidakamizwa ekuthuthukiseni umbungu - lezi zici zingabangela nokuphuza ukuthuthukiswa kombungu nokufa kwayo.