Isifo se-Creutzfeldt-Jakob yisifo esingavamile esihlotshaniswa nokulimala kobuchopho ngenxa yokubonakala kwesiprotheni engavamile e-neurons futhi ebizwa ngokuthi ososayensi abayichaza okokuqala. Ukukhubazeka okuvame kakhulu phakathi kwabantu abaneminyaka engama-65 kuya kwengu-70.
Izimbangela ze-Creutzfeldt-Jakob syndrome
Kuye kwasungulwa ngokwesayensi ukuthi isifo seCreutzfeldt-Jakob yisifo esithathelwanayo. Kuyaziwa ukuthi emangqamuzaneni asobuchopho nakwamanye amangqamuzana omzimba womuntu kuneprotheni evamile ye-prion, imisebenzi yakhe ayihlali kahle nanamuhla.
I-protein ephethini engavamile, engena emzimbeni womuntu, ingena ebuchosheni ngegazi, lapho iqoqa khona nge-neurons. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-prion ye-pathological, ehlangene neprotheyini evamile yamangqamuzana obuchopho, ibangela ushintsho esakhiweni sayo, ngenxa yalokho okushiwo kancane kancane kube yifomu ye-pathogenic efana ne-prion ephathekayo. Amapayipi angavamile afaka amapulethi futhi abangela ukufa kwe-neuronal.
Ukutheleleka nge-pathogenic prions kungenzeka ngezindlela ezilandelayo:
- lapho ukufakelwa izicubu ezinesifo (isikhumba, i-cornea iso, igobolondo elinzima lobuchopho);
- ngokusebenzisa insimbi engavumelekile yokuhlinza insimbi;
- ngegazi;
- ngokufakwa kwezidakamizwa ze-hormonal (i-gonadotropin yabantu, i-somatotropin);
- lapho bedla inyama yezilwane ezigulayo noma abathwali bokutheleleka (izinkomo, izimbuzi, njll).
Futhi, esinye sezici ezibangela lesi sifo yizinto eziphilayo ezihlobene nokuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo. Ezinye izifo zesifo zinemvelaphi engaziwa.
Izimpawu ze-Creutzfeldt-Jakob isifo
Isifo se-Creutzfeldt-Jakob sinesikhathi eside sokuxubha, esihlotshaniswa nesikhathi sokungena kwamapayipi angenelele ebuchosheni obuchopho kanye nezinguquko ze-pathogenic ezikhungweni ezivamile. Kuyoze kube nini lezi zinqubo zigcine zixhomeke endleleni yokutheleleka. Ngakho-ke, uma ukutheleleka kwezicubu zobuchopho ngamathuluzi angenayo igciwane, lesi sifo siphuthuma ngemva kwezinyanga ezingu-15 kuya kwezingu-20, kanti lapho kutholakala imithi egciwane, emva kweminyaka engu-12.
Iningi le-Creutzfeldt-Jakob isifo esithuthuka kancane kancane. Kunezigaba ezintathu zalesi sifo, ezibonakala izimpawu ezihlukahlukene:
1. Isiteji sezimpawu zokuhamba:
- ukucasula;
- ubunzima bokugxila;
- ikhanda ;
- isiyezi;
- ukuphazamiseka kokulala;
- ukunciphisa amandla okubukwa;
- izinguquko ezenzweni zokuziphatha;
- ukuzwa kwesaba okungenangqondo;
- okuhlangenwe nakho okuphuthumayo;
- ukungaqiniseki kwemisebenzi;
- ukwephulwa kwemisebenzi yokubala, ukufunda.
2. Isiteji semibonakaliso emitholampilo evezwe:
- ukukhubazeka okwemvelo (kwezingxenye eziphansi noma ezingenhla, isigamu somzimba);
- ukuphazamiseka kokubambisana kokunyakaza okuzithandela;
- ukuhlukunyezwa kwesisu ;
- ukuqina kwemisipha;
- ukuthuthumela, athetosis;
- i-myoclonus;
- ukukhathazeka kwenkulumo;
- ukukhathazeka kokuzwela.
3. Isiteji sesigamu - esibonakala ukuwohloka komqondo okujulile, lapho iziguli zisesimweni sokuhlukumezeka, okungezona oxhumana nabo. Kukhona i-atrophy eqinile ye-muscular, i-hyperkinesia, ukugwinya izifo, ukuxoshwa kwe-hyperthermia kanye nokuqothulwa kwesisu.
Ukwelashwa kanye nomphumela we-Creutzfeldt-Jakob isifo
Lesi sifo kuzo zonke izimo siholela ekufeni. Isikhathi sokuphila seziningi zeziguli asikho ngaphezu konyaka owodwa kusukela ngesikhathi kuqala isifo. Kuze kube manje, izindlela zokuthola ukwelashwa okuqondile zikhona ekuthuthukisweni okusebenzayo, futhi iziguli zithola ukwelashwa okuphawulekayo kuphela.