Ukuba khona kwesifo sengqondo, okuthiwa i-social phobia, kuvame ukuboniswa ukukhathazeka, okwenza uzizwe lapho kudingeka ukuze uhlanganyele ekuphileni komphakathi. Lokhu kungenye yeziphambeko ezivame kakhulu, eziboleke ngisho nokuzilungisa.
Ukuzibandakanyeka - kuyini?
Umlando wokutadisha ama-socibia njengesihluku sokuzimela uqala kuma-60s ekhulwini lokugcina. Ngaphambi kwalokhu, i-phobia yezenhlalakahle yabonakala njenge-neurosis, iboshiwe yizici ezithile zobuntu - ukuthuka, isifiso sokuba yedwa. Okwamanje, izinkulungwane zezifo zengqondo nezengqondo ezivela emhlabeni wonke zihlanganyela ekutadisheni le nkinga. ngesikhathi se-intanethi, ama-phobia ezomphakathi athola izici ezintsha futhi asakazeka kakhulu.
Ukukhathazeka emphakathini wezenhlalakahle kuhluke ekuziphenduleni komzimba okujwayelekile ezicini zokucindezeleka, okucacile, okucacile, okungaqondakali, okungenangqondo nokude isikhathi eside kakhulu. UMargaret Thatcher uchaze ngokunembile lesi simo njengokwesaba lokho okungasoze kwenzeka. Ohluphekayo we-social phobia uhlangabezana nobunzima kunoma yisiphi isenzo senhlalo - ukukhuluma emphakathini, ukudlulisa izivivinyo, ukukhuluma efonini, kodwa ngisho nakakhulu abantu abaningi abesilisa abesaba ukuthi bathola ukuhlolwa okungalungile kwezenzo zabo emphakathini.
Izinhlobo zohlobo lwezenhlalo
Ukukhathazeka emiphakathini yezenhlalakahle kubonakala ngezindlela ezimbili, ngokusho ukuthi lesi sifo singafakwa kanjani. I-phobias yezenhlalo - izinhlobo:
- echaze i-phobia yomphakathi - ibonakalisa uhlobo olufanayo lwezimiso, isibonelo, lapho kudlula ukuhlolwa, isidingo sokujwayele noma ukudlulisa ingxoxo;
- jikelele - kuvela endaweni ehlukile yomphakathi.
Ukuzibandakanyeka nokuzwelana kwabantu - umehluko
Ukutholakala kwezimpande ezivamile ngokuphathelene nomphakathi kanye ne-social bobia kubhekisela ebuhlotsheni babo, kodwa kukho konke abanokuxhumana okuncane. I-Socioblob - yesaba umphakathi, ibhekene nokukhathazeka lapho kudingeka khona ukuxhumana nabanye abantu. I-Sociopath ngumuntu ogula ngengqondo ongayinaki imikhuba yezenhlalo, enobudlova, ephikisanayo, engenandaba nabanye, evame ukuhola indlela yokuphila engahambisani nabantu. Omunye umehluko wukuthi umuntu angakwazi ukufunda i-social phobia ngokuzimela, futhi ngezenhlalo, udokotela udinga usizo.
Iyini ingozi yesimo sezenhlalakahle?
Abantu abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi i-phobia yezenhlalo yisifo sengqondo, kodwa lokhu kuyisifo sengqondo. I-Sociofob izama ukuthola isizungu, inciphise ukuncintisana. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kubonakala kungenangqondo, futhi ngakolunye uhlangothi - ukuxubana nabantu okungafani nhlobo okunye okubhekiswe ekudakwa ngokweqile nokudakwa kwezidakamizwa, ngoba ngosizo lala mathuluzi angazama ukunciphisa ukukhathazeka, azikhulule. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abaningi abahlukunyezwayo bangakwazi ukuzibona, babonise amakhono abo, bakhe umndeni. Ukuthambekela komphakathi ekucindezelekeni nokuzibulala kuphakeme.
Ukuzibandakanya - izizathu
Ezimweni eziningi zamacala, umsuka we-phobia womphakathi kufanele afunwe ebuntwaneni bakhe-kuze kube unyaka owodwa. Uma umama engazange alalele ingane, ivame ukumshiya, amshiye kunogogo noma amantombazane, ingane yaqala ukukhathazeka, ingenasiphelo, imhlophe. Ukwesaba ukulahlekelwa ngumama kuze kube phakade kwaba nezimpande emoyeni wengane, waqala ukwesaba abanye abantu, futhi. wabona kubo usongo. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezinjalo, ingane ingase ihlakulele isibhedlela ngonyaka, isifo esingokomqondo esiholela ezingxenyeni ezinzima ekuphileni komphakathi (phobia social, anthropophobia, sociopathy) kanye psychomotional sphere.
Ukubhedlela kubalulekile ukhetho, ukuthuthukisa uma ingane ichitha izinyanga zokuqala zokuphila e-nursery, esibhedlela, noma izintandane. Ekhaya, ukunganaki umama akuholeli emiphumeleni enzima kakhulu, kepha ngisho nokungaziphathi kahle okuncane kwenza umntwana abe engozini yokukhathazeka komphakathi. Ukuze uvikele ingane ekuhlaleni, umama kufanele abe mnene futhi anakekele ngangokunokwenzeka.
Ngezinye izikhathi ama-social abbi ayenzeka kamuva - ekukhuleni. Isizathu sentuthuko singaba yisigameko esingathandeki esizoba isisusa sangempela sokwakheka kwesifo sengqondo. Isibonelo, ingane esikoleni yagxeka kakhulu uthisha, emva kwalokho waqala ukwesaba ukuphendula ebhodini noma wenqaba ukuya esikoleni sonke. Ukwedlula lokhu ukwesaba kungasakaza futhi kuxoxisane neontanga, ikakhulukazi - nabamele bobulili obuhlukile. Iqembu eliyingqayizivele lezinhlekelele lihlanganisa izingane ezingabantwana abazali babo abahlukunyezwayo.
Isizathu sokuthuthukiswa kwe-phobia social kungaba:
- ukungabi khona ebuntwaneni bokuhlolwa okufanele nokudunyiswa kwabazali;
- isethulo sezimfuno ezithintekayo ezinganeni;
- ukuhleka usulu ekuqoqweni kwezingane;
- izingxabano eqenjini noma emndenini;
- indlela yokuphila engavamile yabazali;
- Ukuqala kokuphumelela kokuphila ngokobulili;
- izifo ze-somatic.
I-social phobia - izimpawu
Uma imbangela yokuhlaselwa kwesaba kuyisimo esibucayi sezenhlalo, umuntu uzothola izimpawu ezingamnandi, phakathi kwazo okuvame ukuthi:
- ukuphefumula;
- izinkinga ngenkulumo - ukuthungatha kwengqondo, ukugubha;
- ukwanda kwentando yenhliziyo;
- isicasuli;
- isiyezi;
- ukudumaza, ukuthuthumela kwamalungu;
- ukushisa noma ukujuluka okubandayo.
Izimpawu zezindlela zomphakathi
Izibonakaliso ezingenhla ze-somatic zisho ukuthi umuntu uphenywe ngokuthi yi-phobia yenhlalo, lapho lokhu ukukhathazeka kubonakala khona ngokomzwelo:
- ngokulindela izenzakalo ezimbi kakhulu;
- ngokwephula ukunakwa;
- ngokukhathazeka, ukucasuka, ukungezwani;
- ngamaphupho asukuma;
- ngomqondo we-déjà vu;
- ngokuzwa kobuchopho "obungenalutho".
Izimo lapho kunezibonakaliso ezingokwenyama nezingokwengqondo ze-social phobia:
- ukukhuluma phambi kwezilaleli eziningi (uphendule ebhodini esikoleni, enyuvesi);
- ukukhombisa amathalenta abo noma amakhono ababukeli abaningi (ukusebenza esiteji, ukuncintisana);
- ingxoxo;
- izingxoxo zebhizinisi;
- imihlangano nabantu abakhulu, abagunyazayo;
- ukuxhumana nabantu abangabazi;
- izingxoxo efonini, skype;
- ukuvakashela izindawo ezinabantu abaningi;
- noma yiziphi izenzo kubantu (ukudla okulula, ukufunda).
Ungaphila nge-phobia social?
Ngomuntu onenkinga yokukhathazeka, kubalulekile ukuthi ufunde ukubheka izimo ezithile ezesabekayo ngokuhlukile futhi ukhumbule - i-phobia yomphakathi iyaphilika. Ngokuvamile, abanye abaqapheli amaphutha abanye, ngoba zigxile kuzo. Futhi ngisho noma bebabona, abenzi iphutha elikhulu. Ukunciphisa ama-socibia ngokushesha akusebenzi, kodwa ngezenzo zokulungisa kuzogcina sekuphelile. Uma ungenzi lutho, ukukhathazeka komphakathi kungathuthuka ekubeni yi-anthropophobia - ukwesaba bonke abantu ngokujwayelekile.
Indlela yokunqoba i-phobia yomphakathi?
Ukuze ufunde indlela yokuqeda ama-phobia omphakathi, udinga ukuxhumana nomuthi. Ukuhlanganiswa kokulungiswa kwengqondo nokuphathwa kwezidakamizwa kunikeza imiphumela emihle. Udokotela uzofundisa abantu bezenhlalo ukuthi bazimisele ukuzibona, ukuzithiba, usizo ekulwa nemicabango emibi nemicabango. Ngosizo lwe-psychotherapy yokuziphatha kwengqondo, umuntu uzoqala ukuzizwa ekhululekile izimo ezingakhululekile. Kwezinye izimo, odokotela baxilonga ukuhlaselwa kwesimo senhlalo nokuxoshwa. Imithi ihlanganisa izidakamizwa zokucindezeleka, izidakamizwa ze-benzodiazepine.
Ungakunqoba kanjani i-phobia yomphakathi ngokwakho?
Ukuphila ngaphansi kwejoka le-phobia social kunzima kakhulu, kepha uma umuntu engafuni ukuxhumana nodokotela ngesizathu esithile, angazama ukuzisiza. Uma uthola ukuthi i-phobia yenhlalakahle, ukwelashwa kufanele kuqale ngokuzimela ngokuqedwa kwezimpawu - funda ukuzivocavoca, ulungise indlela yokuphila, ushiye isikhathi esengeziwe sokuphumula kanye nemisebenzi ejabulisayo, udle kahle udle i-caffeine encane nephuzo elincane.
Iseluleko sengqondo sokwelashwa kwesimo senhlalo:
- Ukuze uncike kancane emibonweni yabanye, kuyadingeka ukwakha isithombe esihle ngokwakho, ukuthuthukisa izici zayo eziqinile;
- awukwazi ukugwema izimo eziphazamisayo - lokhu kungenza kube nzima kakhulu inkinga;
- ukuqeda ama-socibia esivela embonweni omncane - izinyathelo ezincane ekubhekeni kokwesaba zizophoqelela umsebenzi;
- kubalulekile ukukhumbula kuze kube phakade - wonke umuntu uyayithanda into engafanele, futhi akunjalo;
- ukuze uphulukise ngempumelelo, udinga ukubonisa kancane futhi ube nesithakazelo ezweni elizungezile.
I-Orthodoxy mayelana ne-social phobia
Kubalulekile ukuba ikholwa ukwazi ukuthi isonto libona kanjani ukuxilongwa kwezitho zomphakathi. Abefundisi basho ukuthi umphakathi wezenhlalo ungumuntu ovilaphayo, futhi ngaphezu kwalokho, akanakho ukuthobeka nokubekezela. Uma sibona inkinga yayo, inhlangano yezenhlalakahle, ngokombono wesonto, kufanele yenza konke okusemandleni ekuqedeni ama-phobia. Futhi ungesabi abantu - udinga ukubathanda, futhi ungazibophezeli. Futhi uthando oluthe xaxa umuntu abhekana nakho, ukwesaba okuncane kanye nesimo sezenhlalakahle kuye.
Izidakamizwa ezihlukunyezwa ngabantu
Ngokudabukisayo, phakathi kwabantu abanegama lomhlaba, kuneziningi zalabo ababizwa ngokuthi yi-phobia social. Laba bantu banenkinga yokucindezela ukwesaba kwabo futhi kungaba izibonelo kwabanye:
- UKim Basinger ukhululekile ukwesaba ukwenza umphakathi futhi uhlushwa ukuthuthumela, kodwa uyaqhubeka nokulwa nomuntu osizakalayo, lapho usizwa khona ngengqondo kwengqondo nendodakazi.
- URobert Pattinson - wayehlala ehlazekile futhi esenamahloni, wasizwa ukuba ahlaziye amafilimu ngokuziqopha, nakuba waba umlingisi wokujabulisa intombazane.
- UJim Carrey - hhayi ngaphandle kwesizathu kukholelwa ukuthi ngaphansi kwe-clown efihla indoda edabukisayo kakhulu - umlingisi odumile uye waba nesaba kakhulu, futhi ukusebenza kuphela kuye kwamsiza ukuba abhekane nokukhathazeka futhi athandwe.
- UJames Hetfield - "vuka" ekuhlangenwe nakho okuphazamisayo leli lungu leqembu leCentrallica lasiza umculo, futhi latshela abalandeli bakhe ngokuxilongwa kwe-social phobia ukuba bakholelwe ngokwabo futhi bangakhathali ukuhumusha iphupho labo libe yiqiniso.