Ukufaka i-sampuli yegazi ukuhlaziywa, kuhlale kuthakazelisa ukwazi ukuthi inhlanganisela engaqondakali yezinhlamvu nezinombolo kubonisa. Ngakho-ke, ake sikhulume ngokuthi kusho ukuthini ukuhlola igazi ku-CEA, uma kunqunywe nokuthi izinkomba zihlungwa kanjani.
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-CEA
I-REA i-anti-cancer e-embryonic antigen, uhlobo lweprotheyini olukhiqizwa izitho zangaphakathi zomuntu onempilo ngesamba esingenasidingo. Okwenza lokhu kuhlanganiswe ngokudingekile kumuntu omdala, kuyisimfihlakalo semithi. Kuyaziwa ukuthi phakathi nokuthuthukiswa kwe-embryonic lesi sakhi sikhuthaza ukukhula kwamaseli.
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kummeli womdlavuza we-REA kuboniswa uma kwenzeka usolwa nge-oncology. Ikakhulukazi ukwanda okukhulu kwamaprotheni okuhlanganiswa kubonakala phambi komdlavuza wekoloni. Kodwa-ke, ngisho nokuhlushwa okukhulisiwe kwe-oncomarker, akudingekile ukuzwakala i-alamu. Ngokuvamile imbangela yenkomba ye-overestimated yikhokho ye-neoplasm ene-benign noma inqubo yokuvuvukala. Kubonakala ukuthi ukuvuvukala kwamaphakethe kungandisa inkomba ngo-20-50%. Ukusetshenziswa kweziphuzo eziphuza utshwala nokubhema kungathinta kakhulu imiphumela yokuhlaziywa.
Noma kunjalo, isibonakaliso se-CEA egazini sisetshenziselwa ukuxilongwa kokuqala kwe-oncology embi. Lapho amangqamuzana ashukunyiswa, ukuhlushwa kwe-antigen akukwandisi ngendlela ephawulekayo, kodwa kancane kancane futhi kwanda njalo, okwenza kube lula ukuhlukanisa isisu esinonya ekuvuvukala. Ngaphezu komdlavuza wamathumbu aminyene, i-CEA isiza ukukhomba izinqubo zomdlavuza ezithombeni ezilandelayo, njenge:
- isisu;
- i-mammary gland:
- ukukhanya:
- i-pancreas;
- ama-ovaries;
- i-prostate.
Futhi, ngokuqaphela ukuhlushwa komdlavuza embryonic antigen, ukuthuthukiswa kwezidakamizwa emathanjeni amathambo nesibindi kuvame ukuhlolwa.
Igazi ku-REA alinikezelwe kuphela ukuxilongwa. Ngesikhathi ukwelashwa umdlavuza, inqubo isisiza ukuqapha. Ukunciphisa amazinga e-antigen kungabonisa ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo. Ngisho nangemva kokuphulukiswa komdlavuza, iziguli zeluleka ukuba zihlolisise ngezikhathi ezithile igazi, ngoba isibonakaliso esiphezulu se-oncomarker sivumela ukutholakala okwesikhashana kokubuyiselwa kwezifo.
Incazelo yokuhlaziywa
Kungenzeka yini ukuthi unqume ngokucacisa umphumela owatholwe ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwegazi ku-CEA kusho isimiso? Kulokhu, kufanele ugxile ezinkomba ezijwayelekile:
- kumuntu oshisayo, okujwayelekile kuyinto 0-5.5 ng / ml;
- abangabhemi - 0-3.8 ng / ml.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwegazi ku-CEA oncomarker akubonisi umphumela we-100%. Ukuhlushwa kwe-antigen okuphazamisekile kubonisa kuphela ingozi ephezulu ye-oncology. Uma usola isifo, udinga ukuhlolwa ngokucophelela. Futhi, ukuhlushwa okuphansi kwe-antigen kunganikeza isithombe esingalungile uma ukuhlolwa kwelabhorethri kungacabangi uhlobo oluthile lwesakhiwo esibi.
Ukuthuthukisa ukunemba kokuhlaziywa, kunconywa ukuthi:
- Ngaphambi kokuthatha isampula yegazi amahora angu-8, ungadli.
- Kunconywa ukuthi ababhemayo bakhohlwe ngomkhuba omubi emahoreni angu-24 alandelayo.
- Isiqingatha sehora ngaphambi kokuthatha igazi ukukhipha umsebenzi wokuzivocavoca, kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho ngokomzwelo.
Ukwazi lokho igazi elikubonisa ku-CEA, akufanele wenze ukuxilongwa kwakho. Okokuqala, imitholampilo ehlukene ingaveza imiphumela ehluke ngokuphelele, ngoba izindlela eziningana zisetshenziselwa ukunquma i-antigen. Okwesibili, ingozi ye-oncology ayisho ukutholakala kwesifo. Ngakho-ke, udinga ukulalela imibono kadokotela, okumele, uma kunesidingo, abanikeze isifundo esengeziwe kwabanye abaqaphi .