Abahlaseli besifazane

Iphaneli lezincomo eziqhamukayo zinezinto ezingaphezu kwezingu-20, ezinye zazo ezizwela kuphela ezifweni zesilisa ezingokwemvelo, isibonelo, umdlavuza wesifo sofuba. Ngakho-ke, izimpawu ezikhethekile zabesifazane zinikezwa ebhokisatriji, okusivumela ukuba singaboni nje kuphela izifo ezivamile, kodwa futhi nezinhlobo ezithile zezinkinga zokuzibulala ezinomzimba eziyingozi.

Yiziphi iziqhamuka kwabesifazane?

Ngokuvamile, isethi esakhiwe yamaprotheni ama-compounds ehlongozwayo ukuxilongwa okuyisisekelo somdlavuza wesifazane.

Iziphakamisi eziyisisekelo zabesifazane:

1. I-SCC. Isetshenziselwa ukutholakala ngokushesha kwe- carcinoma ye-cervix , indlebe ne-nasopharynx. Okungavamile kakhulu, ukuhlolwa kuphendula ku-non-encane cell carcinoma kanye ne-squamous cell lung carcinoma.
2. I-CA 125. Itholakala emdlalweni we-ovarian.
3. CA 15-3. Ubufakazi besifo somdlavuza webele we-metastases. Esikhathini esilandelayo sokuqhubeka kwe-ovarian carcinoma, i-endometrial ne-tumorous tumors, amaphaphu, isibonakaliso sanda futhi.
4. I-ISA. Ihloselwe ukuqapha nokuxilongwa komdlavuza webele.
5. I-CA 72-4. Kunqunyelwe umsola ovarian, umaphaphu noma isisu.
6. I-NCE. Kuphenywa nge-neuroblastomas, umdlavuza omncane we-cell lung, i- leukemia .
7. REA. Kunqunywe ukuxilongwa kokuqala kwezicubu ezimbi ze-rectum, emathunjini amakhulu. Inikeza ukuqinisekiswa komdlavuza wemaphaphu, izigulane ezincelisayo, nezinye izitho zokugaya.
8. CA 19-9. Itholakala ku-oncology yomdlavuza we-pancreatic. Isivivinyo sizwela kakhulu kwi-neoplasms esiswini, amathumbu, amaphaphu, isilonda nesilwane.
9. I-CYFRA 21-1. Isetshenziselwa ukuxilongwa ngokushesha kwe-non-encane yomdlavuza wesifo samaphaphu, i-vesti carcinoma.
10. I-HCG. Isetshenziselwa ukuthola izinhlobo eziningi zezifo. Ikakhulukazi, i-hCG ivela egazini lomdlavuza we-ovaries, isisu, isisu, izinso, amathumbu amakhulu nezincane, isibindi, ukukhishwa kwesibindi kanye ne-choriocarcinoma.
11. AFP. Ukuhlaziywa kuyadingeka ukuze kuhlolwe i-hepatocellular carcinoma, germinoma. Kunqunywe ukusola okusobala ekuthuthukiseni ukukhula kwe-fetus, kuvumela ukubona i-Down's syndrome, ukwakheka okungavamile kwodonga lwesisu, i-neural tube.

Yiziphi izincomo ezivela ohlwini ezidingekayo ukunikezela kwabesifazane ekuxazululeni udokotela kuphela oya khona. Akucebisi ukuphenya ngegazi ngokuba khona kwazo zonke izinhlobo zamaprotheni, ngoba kubalulekile ukuthola izinhlobo ezithile ze-glycoprotein ukuze kutholakale ukuxilongwa.

Isimiso sabanqamuli besifazane

Imiphumela yokuhlaziywa kwiphrofayili yomdlavuza ayivumeli nje kuphela ukuqinisekisa noma ukuphika izinsolo zomdlavuza, kodwa futhi ukulandelela ukuthi uhlelo olukhethiwe lwezokwelapha lusebenza kanjani.

Isimiso sabanqamukeli egazini labesifazane:

• I-SCC - 0-2.5 ng / ml;
• I-CA 125 - kufika ku-30 ​​IU / ml;
• I-CA 15-3 - angaphezu kuka-22 IU / ml;
• I-MSA - ayidluli ku-11 IU / ml;
• I-CA 72-4 - 0 kuya ku-4 IU / ml;
• I-NCE - kufika ku-15 ng / ml;
• REA - 0-5 ng / ml;
• I-CA 19-9 - angabi ngaphezu kuka-30 IU / ml;
• I-CYFRA 21-1 - umngcele: 2.3 ng / ml;
• HCG - kuze kube ngu-5 IU / ml;
• AFP - 0-5 IU / ml.

Ungathatha kanjani abahlaseli besifazane?

Imithetho yokunikezela ngegazi ukuze i-oncommonitoring iqukethe ukuthi kudingekile ukuza ukuhlaziywa esiswini esingenalutho, mhlawumbe ekuseni. C isikhathi sokudla esidlule kufanele kube okungenani amahora angu-8.

Ukuhlaziywa kwesiphi isisu okumele sikhombise owesifazane kudinga ukunikezwa ukuvimbela?

Njengoba kunikezwe uhlobo oluthile lokutadisha oluhlolwe, alukaze lubekwe ngezinhloso ze-prophylactic. Iqiniso liwukuthi abaqhamukayo bakhona emithonjeni yezinto eziphilayo ngisho nabesifazane abanempilo enhle. Ngakho-ke, musa nje ukuveza isimiso sezinzwa ukucindezeleka futhi uhlole ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza. I-oncoscreening yakhelwe ukuqinisekisa ukutholakala kokutholakala kokutholakala, kanye nokuqapha ukusebenza kwe-chemotherapy, imisebe.