Ukushisa ngokomzwelo kuyindlela yokuzivikela kwengqondo eyenzekayo lapho ingcindezi ihlala isikhathi eside kubuntu bokucindezeleka okuhlotshaniswa nohlobo oluthile lomsebenzi. Ochwepheshe kunoma yikuphi ukuqeqeshwa kuncike kule syndrome.
Ukushisa ngokomzwelo kwengqondo
Isimo sokushisa ngokomzwelo (i-English burnout syndrome) sachazwa okokuqala yi-American psychiatrist G. Freidenberg. Lokhu kwanda kancane kancane esimweni sokukhulelwa ngokomzwelo, okuholela ekuthuthukiseni komuntu siqu okujulile, kuze kube ukuhlukumeza okukhulu kwezinqubo zokuqonda kanye nezifo ze-psychosomatic. Abantu abanezingcindezi eziqhubekayo ezingokomzwelo abahambisani nomsebenzi wabo kanye nezingane zabo.
Izimbangela zokushisa ngokomzwelo
Ukuvimbela ukushisa ngokomzwelo kusekelwe ekuqedeni izici eziholela esimweni. Izimbangela ezibangela ukushisa ngokomzwelo:
- ukukhulumisana okujulile, ukuxhumana nabantu abanenkambu ehlukile yengqondo, wonke umuntu kumele akwazi ukuzivumelanisa nokungahambisani nokuxabana;
- umsebenzi ohilela imithwalo yemfanelo enkulu (ezempi, odokotela), lapho umsebenzi ephoqelelwe ukuba enze izinqumo ezibalulekile ezimweni eziningi nokuphila kwabanye kuxhomeke kulokhu;
- ukuzithiba okuqinile uma umsebenzi uhlobene nokusabalalisa;
- isingeniso esisheshayo sesimanje sokuba khona ngezimo eziningi zokucindezeleka.
Izimpawu zokushisa ngokomzwelo
I-symptomatology ye-syndrome ekuqaleni ayifani nhlobo ngokungafiki kwezimo ezinjengokukhathala ngenxa yocindezelo, kufana ne-neurosis kanye nokucindezeleka. Izimpawu zokushisa ngokomzwelo:
- ukukhathala;
- ubuthakathaka jikelele emzimbeni;
- i-migraines evamile kanye nosizi;
- ukuzwa okungazelelwe kosizi;
- izinkinga ngesisindo (ukukhuluphala ngokweqile noma izinqubo ze-dystrophic);
- isifo sokuzivikela kanye nesifo sokuphefumula njalo;
- izinkinga zokulala (ukulala noma ukulala);
- ukungazinzi okuqhubekayo;
- ukuphunyuka kwemisebenzi yomsebenzi.
Izinyathelo zokushisa ngokomzwelo
Ukushisa komzwelo kuqala ngokungenakuqondakala futhi kubonakala njengokukhathala okwanele. Kunemibono eminingi echaza izigaba zokushisa ngokomzwelo. Isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo uJ. J. J. J. J.J.G.BERberg sichaza izinhlobo zokushisa ngokomzwelo ezinkathini ezinhlanu:
- "Honeymoon" - 1 isigaba. Uchwepheshe unelisekile ngomsebenzi wakhe, uhlangabezana nemithwalo yemanje, ukunqoba ukucindezeleka, kodwa ukuhamba, ngaso sonke isikhathi ngesici sokucindezeleka esilandelayo, ukunganeliseki kuqala ukuphakama.
- "Ukungabi khona kwephethiloli" - Isigaba 2. Kunezinkinga zokulala. Ukungabi nokugqugquzela nokugqugquzela, ukukhuthazwa kwabaphathi kuholela ekucabangeni ngokungabi nalutho, ukukhiqiza kunciphisa, ukunganaki "ukuxolisa". Inentshisekelo emsebenzini kule nhlangano ilahlekile. Uma isisusa (isibonelo, supha isitifiketi sokuhlonipha), isisebenzi siyaqhubeka nokusebenza kanzima, kodwa ngenxa yempilo.
- "Izimpawu ezingapheli" - isigaba sesithathu. I-workaholism iholela ekukhathaleni, ukukhathala kwezinsiza zezinzwa. Kuhambisana nokuthukuthela, ukuthukuthela noma ukucindezeleka kanye nomqondo wokubambisana nokuntuleka kwesikhathi.
- "Inkinga" yisigaba sesine. Kukhona ukunganeliseki okukhulayo naye njengengcweti, izifo ze-psychosomatic zakhiwe, amandla okusebenza aphansi, isimo sezempilo esibi.
- "Ukubhoboza udonga" - isigaba 5. Izifo zihlala zihlala zingenangqondo ngezikhathi ezivame ukubhekana nokusongela empilweni (infarction myocardial, strokes). Usongo lomsebenzi.
Isifo sokushisa ngokomzwelo
Ukushisa ngokomzwelo - akukho okukhethekile okungeke kwenzeke kulo msebenzi, umsebenzi ozithandayo ngezinye izikhathi ubangela ukunganakwa, ukungathandi ukuya kuwo kanye nomqondo omkhulu wokungabi namandla. Isikhathi esiningi sidlulile kusukela ekuqaleni kwe-syndrome futhi akukho ukuthatha imithwalo yemfanelo yomuntu nesifiso sokwenza okuthile ngakho - kunamandla okwenziwa kobuchwepheshe bomuntu siqu.
Ukuqothulwa komzwelo othisha
I-syndrome yokushisa ngokomzwelo othisha kubangelwa ukunyuka kwemithwalo nemfanelo yomfundi ngamunye. Esiklasini ngasinye kunezingane "ezinzima", okudingeka kuyindlela ekhethekile okudingekayo futhi lokhu akuqinisekisi ngokuvela kwezingxabano. Ukuqothulwa komzwelo kothisha nakho kwenzeka ngezinye izizathu:
- imithwalo ephezulu yengqondo yansuku zonke;
- ukungalingani phakathi kwezindleko ze-psycho-energy kanye nenxephezelo yempahla;
- ukucindezeleka izici lapho uxhumana nabazali;
- izingxabano eqenjini.
Ukuvimbela ukushisa kwesifo somzwelo emsebenzini womfundisi:
- zizitholele ngokwakho njengesazi esikhwameni esiphakeme;
- ukuze ukwazi ukubona ukubaluleka emibangweni evelayo: kuthiwani, yini ebalulekile evele ngesikhathi sokulwa;
- ukucabangela isimo somuntu.
Ukushisa ngokomzwelo odokotela
Ukuqothulwa ngokomzwelo kwabasebenzi bezokwelapha kungaba yingozi ezigulini - kunciphisa ukugxeka ezenzweni zabo phakathi nezinqubo kanye nokuphathwa, ukukhathazeka, ukulahlekelwa isihawu ngesiguli, njengomuntu, hhayi "izinto" eziholela ekunganakwa naseziphambekweni, okuholela ekufeni okungenzeka isiguli. Ukushiswa komzwelo emsebenzini emsebenzini kudokotela kuyisibonakaliso esesabekayo sokubaluleka kokubukeza isimo sakho sengqondo futhi uma kukhona ukukhathazeka kwemingcele ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuvimbela.
Ukushisa komama ngokomzwelo
Ukukhuliswa kwengane ngumsebenzi omkhulu ngokomoya nangokwenyama kanye nomthwalo omkhulu. Ukushisa komama ngehora lokubeletha kuyisenzakalo esivamile, kwenzeka ngezizathu ezilandelayo:
- ukungaqondakali kwengane "akuyona imininingwane yokuphumula" - asikho isikhathi sokuphumula;
- ukulungiswa kwengane kanye nemisebenzi yasekhaya kudala umuzwa wendilinga enonya, "usuku lokugcina" lokuhlukaniswa;
- ingane ivame ukugula nokuhamba okungapheli kudokotela kunzima kakhulu;
- ukungabi nesekelo nokusizwa kwabantu abaseduze;
- isifiso sokwenza okuningi ngangokunokwenzeka ezindabeni zasekhaya, ngaphezu kwalezo ezihlobene ngqo nomntwana.
Yini engenziwa:
- ukusabalalisa kusihlwa amacala axhumene nomndeni obaluleke kakhulu;
- qala ukulala ngaphezulu, izinto zizolinda;
- ukunikeza izikhathi ezingu-1 - 2 ngesonto ngokwakho: izinqubo ze-cosmetology, ukubhula, ukuvakashela iklabhu yokuzivocavoca - ushiye ingane kubazali noma kubazali;
- ukulandelela isimo sabo somzwelo hhayi "ukuvimba" imizwelo, bese uqala ukuyiveza.
Ukuxilonga nokuvimbela ukushisa ngokomzwelo
Izinyathelo ezivimbelayo kanye nokuxilongwa okufika kwesikhathi kokushisa ngokomzwelo kusiza ukulandelela ngesikhathi esilinganiselwe ibhalansi ye-psychoemotional futhi uthathe izinyathelo zokuvimbela noma ukunciphisa isimo. Ukuzitholela ukuhlolwa kungenziwa ngosizo lwemibuzo okumelwe iphendulwe ngokwethembeka:
- Ngithanda lo msebenzi;
- Ngizibona lapha eminyakeni eyi-1,2,3 (endaweni efanayo noma ngaphezulu);
- Ngilwela ngani?
- Yini ebalulekile emsebenzini wami?
- Iyini inzuzo yalo msebenzi?
- Ngifuna ukuthuthukisa phambili kulo msebenzi;
- Yini ezoshintsha uma ngishiya lo msebenzi?
Izindlela zokuvimbela ukushisa ngokomzwelo
Iqiniso elide laziwa ukuthi kulula ukuvimbela kunokwelashwa, ngakho ukuvimbela ukushisa ngokomzwelo kubaluleke kakhulu. Uma kungenakwenzeka ukuvakashela isazi sezengqondo esikhathini esizayo esiseduze, kumelwe siqale senze ngokwethu. Ukushisa kwengqondo ngokomzwelo kungavinjelwa noma kuphuze ngesikhathi, ukugcina imithetho elula:
- inhlangano efanele yokubusa komsebenzi wokuphumula, umthwalo kumele ube ngokwanele;
- Ungathathi umsebenzi ekhaya, konke kufanele kwenziwe endaweni yokusebenzela;
- ukuvivinya umzimba izikhathi eziningana ngesonto, kwaziwa ukuthi ukuzivocavoca kwandisa ukukhiqizwa kwamahomoni enjabulo nokuthokoza (i-serotonin, i-dopamine);
- okungenani izikhathi ezingu-2 ngonyaka ukushintsha isimo, ukuhamba (ungathola njalo izinketho zokuhamba kwebhajethi);
- Ukulala okugcwele kungenye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ekukhiqizeni emsebenzini, ukungabi nalutho okuqhubekayo kuholela ekunganeliseki ngokuphila nokukhathala okungapheli;
- Nciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-caffeine emsebenzini nasemakhaya, ulahle ugwayi;
- uthathe umthwalo wemfanelo kuphela ngomsebenzi wabo, futhi ungangeni esimweni sabasebenzi futhi usize bonke "abaswele" - ukwenza umngcele kanye nekhono lokuthi "cha";
- khetha ukuzilibazisa, isenzo sokuzilibazisa - ukukhishwa okuhle kakhulu kobuchopho, ukushintsha kokubonakala;
- uma umsebenzi ungajabulisi, vuma ngobuqotho kulokhu bese uqala ukuthatha izinyathelo ekufezeni umsebenzi wephupho lakho.
Ukushisa ngokomzwelo - indlela yokulwa?
Ukushisa ngokomzwelo - indlela yokwelapha nokwelapha ngokuphelele? Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi le syndrome ayithathwa njengesifo, ingaba nesimo se-psychophysiological esibonakaliswa yizibonakaliso zesimiso sokuphazamiseka kwesimiso, isimo se-neurosis-like kanye nokucindezeleka kakade esimweni lapho ukucindezeleka ngokomzwelo (kwengqondo) sekuvele kugcwele. Ekubonisweni kokuqala, ungasebenzisa izincomo ezilandelayo:
- ukuqonda izindlela zokuzilawula nokuzindla;
- bahlolwa ngokuhlolwa kwezokwelapha ngokuba khona kwezifo ezifihlekile nezingapheli ezingashintsha isimo somqondo wengqondo, zenze ukungabi nandaba nokungabi namandla (isibonelo, izifo zegciwane le-thyroid zithinta kakhulu ithonya le-psychophysical);
- iya esimweni sokuqokwa nomuntu wezengqondo noma uqale ukuvakashela amaqembu e-psychoanalytic, lapho umbuso nezinketho zokuxazulula inkinga zihlaziywa ngokuningiliziwe;
- ukuze ufunde umsebenzi omusha (kungenzeka ensimini ehlobene).
Ukushisa ngokomzwelo - ukwelashwa
Indlela yokubhekana nokushisa ngokomzwelo uma izinyathelo zokuvimbela zingakusizi futhi umuzwa wecala ukwandisa nje? Ungesabi ukuvakashela isifo se-psychotherapist ukubeka imithi eyanele. Ukhathala kwama-neurotransmitter afana ne-dopamine, i-serotonin izokwandisa isimo, futhi ikhulise izimpawu zesifo sokushisa ngokomzwelo. Udokotela ubeka imithi ngayinye ngemithi:
- i-nootropic;
- ukuthula;
- i-sedentary;
- izidakamizwa;
- anxiolytics.