Ukuhlolwa kokuqala kwenziwa kanjani ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa futhi kuhlanganisa ngani?
Ngaphambi kokukhuluma ukuthi kwenziwa kanjani ukuhlolwa kwabesifazane abakhulelwe, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi isifundo sokuqala esinjalo sihlanganisa ukuhlaziywa kwegazi kanye ne-ultrasound.
Inhloso yesifundo se-laboratory ukuhlonza izifo zakuqala zofuzo, kuhlanganise ne-Edwards syndrome ne-Down's syndrome. Ukukhipha izinto ezinjengalezi, ukuhlushwa kwezinto ezifana ne-subunit mahhala ye-hCG ne-PAPP-A (iphrotheni ehlobene nokukhulelwa A) ihlolwe. Uma sikhuluma ngokuthi lesi sigaba sokuhlola senziwa kanjani ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, khona-ke owesifazane okhulelwe akafani nokuhlaziywa okujwayelekile - umnikelo wegazi kusuka emthanjeni.
I-Ultrasound ekuhlolweni kokuqala ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kwenziwa ngenhloso:
- ukuzimisela kobunzima besikhala se-collar - inani lemithombo yamanzi engaphansi komhlaba eqoqa phezu kwentamo yengane;
- isikhathi esithile esinqunyiwe sokubeletha;
- ukusungula isibalo samathambo esibelethweni.
Ukuhlolwa kwesibili kwenziwa kanjani ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa?
Ukuhlolwa kabusha kwenziwa ngemuva kwamaviki angu-16-18. Ibizwa ngokuthi ukuhlolwa kathathu futhi kuhlanganisa:
- ukusungulwa kwezinga leHCG eliphelele noma i-subunit yamahhala ye-HCG egazini;
- ukuzimisela kwezinga le-alpha-fetoprotein (AFP);
- ukubeka ukuhlushwa kwe-estriol yamahhala (E3).
Ukutadisha okunjalo, njengokuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound kokukhulelwa, kwenziwa okwesibili kakade ngesonto 20. Ngalesi sikhathi, udokotela angakwazi ukuhlonza izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezimo eziphuthumayo, izinkinga ezingalungile.
Ngakho-ke, kufanele kuthiwa kokubili ukuhlolwa kufanele kwenziwe ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Lokhu kusivumela ukuba sibone ukwephulwa okungenzeka kanye nokungajwayelekile kokuthuthukiswa komntwana ekuqaleni kwezinyathelo zokwakheka komzimba omncane.