I-Phytophthora iyinhloko yazo zonke, ngaphandle kokuhlukile, abalimi be-dacha bakhula utamatisi . Ukungahambi kahle kwesifo kulo mjikelezo wokutheleleka. Umthombo kanye ne-agent yayo ye-causative ngisho nasezinhlungwini zembewu ye-tomato, ngakho-ke kulula ukudluliselwa esizukulwaneni esilandelayo ngaphandle kolwazi lwakho.
Izindlela zokulwa phytophthora on utamatisi
Njalo ngonyaka balimi bahola umzabalazo ongapheli ngokumelene phytophthora, ukuthuthukisa zonke zokupheka ezintsha izindlela abantu. Lezi zindlela ezingabizi futhi ezilula, kodwa ezisebenza kahle zizokusiza empini yokulunga yokuvuna. Ukulwa ne-phytophthora kukho utamatisi ngaphandle kwekhemistri ngokuzikhethela ngokugcwele.
Ngakho-ke, nansi izindlela ezidumile zokulwa ne phytophthora on utamatisi:
- Ukufafaza nge-infusion yamagilekhi . Kusuka kuye izinhlamvu ze-fungus ziyafa. Kudingekile ukuphoqa ngamalitha ayi-10 ingilazi yamagulule aqoshiwe kanye namahlumela amancane phakathi nosuku. Bese ususa ukumnika futhi wengeze amagremu amabili we-potassium permanganate. Spray kufanele ibe kabili: ngaphambi kokwakhiwa kwama-ovari futhi emva kwezinsuku ezingu-10.
- Ukufafaza nge-saline . Dissolve ibhakede lamanzi 1 indebe yetafula usawoti bese ufafaza umbhede wegadi nge utamatisi. Usawoti uhlala emaqabunga futhi uzoba nengxenye yefilimu evikelayo ekutholeni ukutheleleka nge-stomata. Kodwa khumbula ukuthi le ndlela ivikela, hhayi ukwelapha.
- Ukuphalaza ngesisombululo se-kefir . Ebhakede lamanzi, udinga ukudiliza i-litre eyi-1 ye- kefir , uvumele ukuthi ivaliwe amahora angu-24, bese uphefaza. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe masonto onke, futhi ukupompa kokuqala kufanele kwenziwe ngemuva kwamasonto amabili emva kokutshala izithombo emhlabathini. Le ndlela isebenza nokuvimbela.
- Ukufafaza nge-infusion yomlotha . Kuthatha ibhakede lesigamu lomlotha ebhakede lamanzi. Isikhathi esingapheli izinsuku ezintathu, ingxube kufanele ihanjiswe kumthamo wamalitha angu-30 bese ufaka ama-gramu angu-30 oketshezi noma isepha. Ukuphalaza kwenziwa kathathu ngenkathi ngayinye: emva kokuba izithombo zitshalwe ngaphambi kokuba ziqhume futhi emva kokuvela kwama-ovari wokuqala.
- Ukufafaza ngenhlanganisela yobisi ne-iodine . Ibhakede lamanzi lizodinga ilitha elilodwa lebisi elincane eliphansi kanye namaconsi angu-20 e-iodine. Ukuphalaza ngalokhu kokubunjwa kwe-antimicrobial akugcini nje ngokukhulula lesi sifo, kodwa futhi kuphuthumisa ukuvuthwa kwezithelo.
- Fafaza ngobisi obisi . Ukulwa ne-phytophthora kukho utamatisi nge-serum kufanele kwenziwe njalo, cishe nsuku zonke, kusukela ngo-July wokuqala. Ukuze wenze lokhu, amasondo omuncu omuncu kumele ahlanganiswe namanzi ngokulinganisela okulinganayo.
- Ukushaya ngethusi yethusi . Usosayensi waseJalimane uhlongoze utamatisi ukuthi alwe nezifo ze-fungal lapho uhlwanyela izithombo emhlabathini bese ugoqa izimpande ngethusi yethusi. Le ndlela isebenza kahle. Kodwa-ke, abantu bakithi bawuguqule, bahlaba umcengezi wethusi wethusi. Ngaphambi kwalokho, ucingo kumele lube yi-calcined futhi lube yizicucu ze-3-4 cm. Ama-punctures kufanele ayenziwe amamentimitha angu-10 avela enhlabathini, emva kwalokho ucingo oluzoguqulwa luphela. Lokhu kungenziwa kuphela uma iziqu zezitamatisi zinamandla ngokwanele. Isenzo sethusi sigcizelela izinga le-chlorophyll, livuselela ukuphefumula kwezitshalo, kuqinise izinqubo ze-oxydative, ngenxa yokuthi isitshalo siba namandla futhi singamelana nezifo ezehlukene.
Ukulwa ne-phytophthora kumatamatisi emhlabathini ovulekile ngamakhambi abantu kumele kufaka phakathi izinyathelo zokuvimbela:
- ukubhujiswa okuphoqelekile kuzo zonke izingxenye ezithintekile zika utamatisi, izinto zokugqoka kanye nokusetshenzwa kwezikhonkwane zokubopha;
- ukuvimbela ukuqina kokutshala utamatisi, ukuhlanganisa okufika ngesikhathi;
- ukugqoka okuphezulu kwezitshalo ukugcina ingculazi;
- ukunamathela ezincomo zokujikeleza kwezitshalo;
- ukukhethwa kwezinhlobonhlobo eziphikisana nezifo zefungal.