Abazali abasebasha emva kokuvela kwezibulo babhekene nobunzima obusha obuningi, ukungazi izinkolelo zokunakekela ingane, ebonakala ibuthakathaka futhi ingenasici. Enye yezinkinga zokuqala ihlobene nendlela yokugeza umntwana osanda kuzalwa. Ulwazi olulandelayo luzokusiza ukuba uqonde imithetho yale nqubo ebalulekile.
Ngingageza nini usana olusanda kuzalwa?
Ukulondoloza impilo yengane kuyadingeka kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala emva kokubonakala kwayo ukunamathela ezindinganisweni zokuhlanzeka, enye yezinto okuyiyona ndlela ejwayelekile yokwenziwa kwezinqubo zamanzi. Ukuphuza umntwana ngokucwiliswa ngokuphelele emzimbeni emanzini, iningi labahlengikazi lincoma ngaphambi kokuphulukiswa kwesilonda esisodwa (lapho ama-crusts ephuma) - cishe ngesonto lesibili noma lesithathu lokuphila.
Kuze kube yilolu phuzu kungcono ukusebenzisa ibhuku elincane bese ugeza umntwana, uzama ukungamanzi indawo yenkaba engavunyelwe (ukuvimbela ukutheleleka). Ngaphandle kwalokho, ungasebenzisa ukuhlanza isikhumba ngamathambo amancane ashubile, agonywe ngamanzi nge-diaper noma isiponji noma ugeza ingane ngaphansi kwamanzi afudumele afudumele ngemuva kokukhipha. Uma ingane inezinkinga zempilo, mhlawumbe, ukuqala kokugeza kuzodinga ukuhlehliswa. Kulokhu, kufanele uthintane nodokotela wezingane noma i-neonatologist.
Ukulungiselela ukugeza umntwana osanda kuzalwa
Ukugeza kokuqala komntwana kungenye yezenzakalo ezivusa amadlingozi futhi ezinomthwalo wemfanelo, lapho ukulungiswa okuqhubekayo kwezimpumputhe zokuhambisa amanzi kungancika futhi isifiso sabazali sokwenza lesi "siko" esibalulekile njengoba kunconywa ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ukuze inqubo ikhululeke futhi iphephile, konke kufanele kucatshangelwe futhi kuhlelwe kusengaphambili.
Kuye ngezimo zokuphila, ukugeza kungenziwa ekamelweni noma ekhishini ekugezeni umntwana noma endlini yokugezela ebhodini elidala eligcwele amanzi. Ukhetho lokugcina luyakwamukeleka kakhulu kunamabili okuqala, ngoba i-crumb izoba nesithuba esiningi sokunyakaza okusebenzayo, futhi amanzi azogcina ukushisa okude. Kufanele kuqondwe ukuthi ukugeza ebhodini elikhulu akuyona nje ukugeza, kodwa inqubo ehlinzeka lokhu okulandelayo:
- ukuqina komzimba wengane;
- ukuvimbela izifo eziningi (ikakhulukazi i-dermatological ne-allergenic);
- ukuhlanza umoya othulini ngokwandisa umsebenzi wemisipha yokuphefumula;
- umthwalo ngokomzimba, ukuthuthukisa ukuthuthukiswa kwengane;
- enye indlela yokuqondisa ingane emhlabeni jikelele;
- ukuthuthukiswa kwesifiso;
- ukususwa kwengcindezi yengqondo, ukuzola, ukulungisa ukulala kwezwi.
Njengoba ukugeza kuwuhlobo lomthwalo emzimbeni, kuyinto efiselekayo ngaphambi kokwenza imfudumalo encane, ehlanganisa massage (stroking, kneading) kanye ne-gymnastics elula (ukuguquguquka-ukwandisa kwamalungu). Ukuqeqeshwa okunjalo, okuthatha cishe imizuzu engama-20, kuzoqinisa izinzuzo zamasu ezinqubo zamanzi. Yebo, uma omunye wabazali enza lokhu, kanti okwesibini ulungiselela konke okudingekayo endlini yokugezela.
Okudingayo ukugeza uhlu lwezingane ezisanda kuzalwa
Ukubhukuda ingane ebhodweni elikhulu, kufanele unakekele ukushisa kwamanzi nomoya endlini yokugezela, ukuhlanzeka kokugeza, ukutholakala kwezesekeli ezihlukahlukene ukusiza nokuthuthukisa induduzo yenkambiso, izinambuzane zezingane. Kubalulekile ukugeza izandla zakho bese ususa kuzo zonke izindwangu zokugqoka, ukuze ungaboni ingane. Sibala konke okudingekayo kakhulu kule nqubo:
- umshini we-rabber esiteji sokugezela - ukuvimbela ukuwa phansi esiteji esincane esesandleni;
- isihlalo - ukuhlala umzali;
- ithebula eliguqukayo - ukomisa nokushintsha izingubo emva kokugeza;
- ama-thermometer amanzi namoya;
- amahora wokuqapha isikhathi sokuhlala kwengane emanzini;
- amadivaysi okugcina ikhanda lomntwana emanzini ngaphandle kokusekelwa kwabazali - i-cap ene-foam epulasitiki, isiyingi esingenasiphelo, isilayidi kanye nokunye okunjalo;
- i-diaper elithambile le-cotton noma ithawula ngokusula;
- insipho yesana, i-foam;
- i-shampoo yomntwana;
- ukumnika kwamakhemikhali;
- ukugxila ngamanzi ahlanzekile - ukugeza ingane;
- i-wool turundas yokuhlanza izindlebe;
- izesekeli zokunakekela isikhumba (ukhilimu, i-powder, i-oli);
- izingubo zezinyane.
Yini okugeza ukugeza ngaphambi kokugeza abantwana?
Njalo ngaphambi kokugeza umntwana osanda kuzalwa, kufanele uhlanza kahle ukugeza. Khona-ke umbuzo uvela: yini yokugeza ibhuku ngaphambi kokugeza abantwana? Kuphephile kakhulu ukusebenzisa i-soda evamile yokubhaka kanye nesiponingi ngobunzima. Ukuhlanza izindonga nephansi, kufanele uhlanza ngokuphelele ukugeza ngamanzi avela ngaphansi kwesha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungasebenzisa njengensipho yokuhlanza impahla yemvelo. Uma kungumbuzo wokuthi kufanele ugeze kanjani umntwana osanda kuzalwa ekugeza, akudingekile ukuwageza ngaphambi kwenqubo ngayinye, ucabange ukuthi awusetshenziselwa ezinye izinjongo.
Ingabe kufanele ngilise amanzi okugeza umntwana osanda kuzalwa?
Abazali abaningi banesithakazelo ukuthi kudingeka yini ubilise amanzi okugeza umntwana osanda kuzalwa. Kukholelwa ukuthi abantwana, abaye baphulukisa kakade inkaba, ungakwazi ukugeza emanzini okupompo ajwayelekile. Isidingo sokusebenzisa amanzi abilisiwe sikhona kuphela kuze kube yile nkathi. Uma kukhona ukungabaza mayelana nekhwalithi yamanzi kampompi, kungcono ukusebenzisa isihlungi ukuwahlanza nokuwabilisa.
Ukushisa endlini yokugeza yabantwana abasha
Umbono wokuthi umoya egumbini lapho umntwana egeza khona kufanele ube nemfudumalo kunamanye amakamelo, aphutha. Njengoba besaba amakhaza, abazali abaningi abacabangi ukuthi izinsana zingakwazi ukuthuthukisa kuphela i-hypothermia, kodwa futhi nokushisa okungafuneki, okungenxa yokungapheleli kwezindlela zokufudumala. Uma ucabanga ukuthi izinga lokushisa lapho ingane isanda kugezwa khona, kufanelekile ukucabangela imigomo evamile yemingcele yomoya lapho ingane iphefumula khona.
Ukushisa okuphezulu komoya wengane encane kufanele kube njalo phakathi kuka 18-22 ° C. Uma ucabangela lokhu, akudingekile ukufudumala indlu yokugezela ngokukhethekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngemuva kokushiya ukugeza, akuzange kube nokushintsha ngokungazelelwe emswakama womoya, okulimaza umzimba, umnyango kufanele uhlale uvulekile ngesikhathi sokugeza.
Ukushisa kwamanzi okugeza abantwana
Inkinga ekhethekile ejabulisa bonke abazali abanakekelayo, ngaphandle kokunye, kubhekisela izinga lokushisa lapho umntwana osanda kuzalwa kufanele ahlambuluke khona. Kulesi simo, kufanele futhi sikhumbule ukuthi ukulawulwa kokushisa komzimba ezinganeni kuhluke ngokuphelele kunomuntu omdala. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukucabanga ukuthi yikuphi uhlobo lwamanzi okugeza isana olusanda kuzalwa akufanele luqondiswe yizizwelo zalo, kodwa ngezici zomzimba zeziqu. Umntwana wayekhululekile, futhi inqubo yayizuzisa, amanzi okugeza kufanele afane nomkhawulo wokushisa we-33-34 ° C.
Ibhuku lokuqala lokugeza lokugeza kumele lenziwe ekushiseni kwama-34 ° C. Ngemva kwesonto, udinga i-degree elincane - elilodwa - ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa, bese uqhubeka ukwehla masonto onke kuze kube semkhawulweni we-29-30 ° C. Ezimweni ezinjalo, umntwana, ukugeza nokukhuthaza emanzini, uyancipha: izinga lentliziyo yakhe landa, ukwanda kwegazi, izinqubo ze-metabolic emzimbeni ziyashesha. Kumele uqaphele ukuthi esikhathini esizayo, eneminyaka eyisithupha, ingane ingakwazi ukugeza ngamanzi 26-27 ° C, lapho izozizwa khona.
Yini okufanele ugeze ngayo umntwana osanda kuzalwa?
Enye iphuzu elibalulekile kubazali abafuna ukwazi ukugeza kahle ingane esanda kuzalwa kuyisimo semikhiqizo yokugeza. Ezinganeni, ukucinwa kwesikhumba akubalulekile (ngokungabikho kokushisa), ngakho-ke emasontweni ambalwa okuqala kuvunyelwe ukungasebenzisi noma yisiphi isobho. Okungekho ngaphezu kwezikhathi ezingu-2-3 ngesonto ungasebenzisa insipho yengane (inkukhu, i-gel njengaye) kanye kanye njalo emasontweni amabili - i-baby shampoo esithambile.
Ngokusho kwemibono yanamuhla, akufanele kuhlanganiswe lutho emanzini. Okuqakathekile ngokukhethekile yi-permanganate, eyayihlotshaniswa omama nabakhulukazi uma begeza abantwana. Ekugxilweni okubuthakathaka, le nto ayifuni neze umthelela we-disinfectant effect, futhi isixazululo esiphezulu esiphezulu sesikhumba futhi singabangela ukushisa kwamangqamuzana amancane.
Kuvunyelwe izikhathi ezingu-1-2 ngesonto ukufaka ama- herbs okugeza abantwana, okwenza isisekelo sabo sibe sesiswini. Izitshalo ezinjalo kufanelekile njenge-turn, chamomile, calendula, motherwort, hop cones, lavender. Ukuze uthole ibhuku elikhulu uzodinga ingilazi yezinto eziluhlaza, okumele kugcwale ilitha lamanzi abilayo futhi emva kokufaka okungenani amahora amathathu, cwilisa. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ngemifino kudingeka uqaphele, ngoba zingabangela ukusabela kwengane emntwaneni.
Indlela yokugeza umntwana osanda kuzalwa okokuqala?
Izincomo ezilandelayo zizosiza abazali "abasha" ukuthi bahlanza kanjani ukugeza umntwana osanda kuzalwa ekhaya okokuqala:
- Isikhathi esihle sokugeza - kusihlwa, ngaphambi kokudla kokugcina nobusuku bokulala.
- Inqubo kufanele iqaliswe kuphela emva kokuba wonke amalungiselelo adingekayo elungiselelwe.
- Ibhuku kumele ligcwaliswe ngamanzi cishe 2/3.
- Ngaphambi kokugeza umntwana osanda kuzalwa, udinga ukuhlanza izitho zangasese nge-napkin.
- Ukunciphisa umntwana emanzini kufanele kube kancane kancane: kuqala imilenze, bese kuba neziqhwa, isisu, isifuba, amahlombe, kanti intamo nekhanda kufanele zihlale ngaphezu kwamanzi.
- Kumfana omncane akesabi, kuphakanyiswa ukuba ukhulume naye njalo ngezwi eliphansi, elizolile, ukumomotheka.
Indlela yokugcina izingane lapho ubhukuda?
Uma ucabanga ukuthi kufanele ugeze kanjani usana olusanda kuzalwa, umuntu akanakunaki umbuzo wokuthi ungayilondoloza kanjani emanzini. Kungcono ukubamba izinyane ngesandla sakhe sesobunxele - iminwe emine ngaphansi kwekhanda nomunwe omncane phansi kwentanyeni, uqinisekise ukuthi umlomo nekhala ziphezu kwamanzi, futhi isandla sesibili silungisa isikhundla se-trunk. Ukubamba kanjalo, kufanele uholele ekugcineni kokugeza kuze kube komunye. Ukuze ingane iguqulwe ngesisu, kufanele uyiphendule bese uyibamba ukuze insizwa iphakathi kweminwe emikhulu neminwe ehlukanisiwe.
Kungenzeka yini ukumanzisa izindlebe zakho ngenkathi ugeza umntwana?
Izinsana zokubhukuda, ezikhandla ngamandla ekugeza, kunzima ukuzenza ngaphandle kokuthola amanzi ezindlebeni. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, akukho lutho olwesabekayo kulokhu, futhi omunye akufanele esabe ukuxhumana okuvamile kwezindlebe ngamanzi. Amanzi awelayo azosiza ekunciphiseni nokususa isulfure engapheli emanzini endlebe. Kufanele kuqaphele ukuthi akuyona ingozi ukuthola amanzi emehlweni.
Kungakanani ukugeza umntwana osanda kuzalwa?
Akuqondakali kubaqalayo ukuthi kungakanani ukugeza umntwana osanda kuzalwa. Okokuqala, kunconywa ukunikeza inqubo 7-10 imizuzu, ukuze ingane ijwayele amanzi, yaqala ukusetshenziswa. Ngosuku olulandelayo, isikhathi sokugeza somntwana singakhula, kancane kancane sikhuphule kufika kumaminithi angu-20-30. Uma ingane ihamba isikhathi eside, ingcono kuye nakwabazali: emva komsebenzi onjalo uyolamba futhi akhathele, ukuze, egcwele, uzokwazi ukulala ngokuzwakalayo.
Ngingayidinga kangaki umntwana osanda kuzalwa?
Abanye abazali bangabaza ukuthi kufanele bahlakulele usana olusha nsuku zonke noma ukuqhuba izinqubo zamanzi kaningi kangako - isibonelo, njalo ngosuku. Odokotela batusa ukunikeza isikhathi sokugeza nsuku zonke okubaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wengane. Lokhu kunomthelela ekwakhiweni kwamasipha kanye nemisipha, kuqinisa ukujikeleza kwegazi, kusiza ukuqondisa ngokushesha ukunyakaza, ukuqondisa iminwe kanye namapenki.
Yini okufanele ngiyenze ngemva kokugeza umntwana osanda kuzalwa?
Kubalulekile hhayi nje kuphela ukuthi ukwazi ukugeza kahle umntwana osanda kuzalwa, kodwa nokuthi ungagcwalisa kanjani inqubo, ukuthi wenzeni okulandelayo. Indlela engcono kakhulu - hlambulula ngamanzi ahlanzekile, ugcwale ithawula futhi uyigqoke, ukondla isifuba somama noma uhlanganise futhi ubeke embhedeni. Ezimweni eziningi, izinsana zilale ngokushesha. Uma umntwana ekhala emva kokugeza , ngesikhathi esizayo kufanele uzame ukushintsha into enqubo: isikhathi sokuzivocavoca (isibonelo, ihora elilodwa ngemuva kokudla), ukushisa kwamanzi (ukufudumala kancane), isikhundla somntwana emanzini. Ukusebenzisa indlela yokuhlola, ungathatha lokho ingane ezokwenza.
Uma ungakwazi ukugeza ingane?
Ukugeza abantwana ekugezeni nasebhabheni elikhulu kumele kuhlehliswe ezimweni ezinjalo:
- ngosuku lokugoma ;
- nezifo ezihambisana nomkhuhlane;
- Omncani ukhathele kakhulu futhi angenangqondo.