Izifo ezithathelwanayo ezidliwayo ziyiqembu lezifo ezithathelwanayo ezibangelwa ukusetshenziselwa kokudla okungcolile ngamagciwane nezinyosi zabo. Lesi sifo sivame ukubonwa ngenkathi efudumele, tk. ukushisa kwomoya kukhuthaza ukukhula okusheshayo kwama-bacteria. Kulokhu, ukutheleleka okunobuthi kungenzeka ngesimo samacala ahlukene, nokuqhamuka kwezikhungo zokudla kwama-public.
Ama-pathogens ezithathelwanayo ezidakayo
Ama-microorganisms ahlukene angenza njengama-pathogens okutheleleka kokudla okunobuthi, kuhlanganise nalabo abakhileyo abahlala emathunjini omuntu (amabhaktheriya anesimo se-pathogenic). Ngokuvamile, imikhiqizo yokudla iyathinteka ngamabhaktheriya alandelayo nama-toxin awo:
- E. coli ;
- i-salmonella;
- i-shigella;
- i-staphylococci;
- streptococci;
- i-clostridia;
- i-enterococci;
- protey nabanye.
Inqubo yokwelashwa emzimbeni ayiqhubeki nje ngenxa yokudakwa ngokweqile ngama-toxin akhiqizwa emikhiqizweni yokudla, kodwa futhi ngenxa yesenzo semiphumela yokubola yezincane ezincane eziyisisusa esibangela ukutheleleka okunobuthi.
Izimpawu zokudla ubuthi
I-incubation isikhathi sokutheleleka okunobuthi okuvuthwa ngokuvamile kuvela kumahora angu-8 kuya kwangu-14. Lokhu kuncike ikakhulukazi esimweni sesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela komuntu. Naphezu kokuhluka kwezifo ezithathelwanayo, isithombe somtholampilo sokutheleleka sisekelwe ezimpawu ezilandelayo eziyinhloko:
- i-malaise jikelele;
- isicasuli;
- izifiso eziphindaphindiwe zokuhlanza;
- esitokisini esivamile (kuze kube izikhathi eziyi-15 ngosuku);
- ukuchoboza noma ukusika ubuhlungu esiswini;
- i-blanching yesikhumba;
- umlomo owomile;
- ukoma;
- umkhuhlane;
- ikhanda;
- ukwanda kwentando yenhliziyo.
Lezi zibonakaliso zihlobene neqiniso lokuthi izinhlayiya zamabhaktheriya zibangela ukuvuvukala kwebhubhisi lamangqamuzana lomuthi wamathumbu, futhi kuvuselela umonakalo we-canal digestive.
Ukuthola izifo ezithathelwanayo zokudla
Ukuthola i-pathogen, isifundo se-bacteriological senziwa ngokuhlanza, izinhlanzi kanye nokuhlanza esiswini, kanye nemikhiqizo engabangela ukutheleleka.
Ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo kokudla okunobuthi
Uma izimpawu zalesi sifo zivela, qalisa imisebenzi elandelayo ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka:
- Yenza i-gastric ihlanzekile ukususa izinsalela zokudla okuthelelekile kanye ne-toxin. Ngenxa yalokhu, isiguli kufanele siphuze okungenani amalitha amabili amanzi abilisiwe, isisombululo sokwebhaka soda (2%) noma isisombululo se-potassium permanganate (0.1%), elandelwa ukuhlanza.
- Ukuphuza itiye elifudumele elimnandi.
- Thatha i-sorbent (i-activated carbon, Enterosgel, Polysorb, njll).
- Thatha i-antispasmodic (ngobuhlungu obukhulu).
Ukwelashwa kwezifo zokudla
Into esemqoka ekwelapheni lesi sifo - ngesikhathi sokugcwalisa ukulahlekelwa okuketshezi okuhambisana nokuhuda nokuhlanza. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kufanele uphuze amanzi amaningi, itiye, futhi uthathe izixazululo ezikhethekile zokuvuselelwa kabusha. Ngokweqile noma okulinganiselayo kwenkambo yesifo esiyingozi, ukwelashwa ekhaya kungenzeka. Ezimweni ezimbi, iziguli zihanjelwe esibhedlela, zinikezwa ukuphathwa kwezimo zokufudumala emzimbeni. Esikhathini esizayo kunconywa:
- ukudla okwelashwa;
- ukwamukelwa kwamalungiselelo enzyme;
- inkambo yama- probiotics .
Ukuvimbela izifo ezinobuthi
Izinyathelo eziyinhloko zokuvimbela izifo zokudla ziqondiswa ekuvimbeleni ukungcoliswa kokudla ngamabhaktheriya nokukhiqiza kwabo ekudleni. Zilezi zilandelayo:
- ukugcinwa kwemikhuba yokuhlanzeka lapho kulungiswa, kugcinwa nokuthutha imikhiqizo yokudla;
- ukuqaliswa kokuhlanzeka komuntu siqu.