Enye yezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zesifo sofuba yisifo sofuba esingenalutho, lapho indawo yokunqotshwa kwe-alveoli ne-bronchi ifinyelela kusuka ku-2-3 cm kuya ku-lobe yonke, kodwa i-necrosis ayinayo uhlamvu olugxile. Lolu hlobo lwesifo sofuba luneminye imikhakha.
Izimpawu zesifo sofuba sofuba esingenalutho
Umzimba onempilo ulwa nama-bacterial of tuberculosis, izitho zokuphefumula ezivela kubo zivikelwe yi-mucus ekhethekile eqoqa emaphethelweni okuphefumula futhi evimbela ukutheleleka. Lezi zinto ziphela ukukhiqizwa ngamakhaza, ukuvuvukala, noma ukulimala kwamakhemikhali ku-ambulance yamangqamuzana ne-bronchi.
Ukutheleleka okuyinhloko nge-mycobacteria isifo sofuba akubonakali ukubuka amehlo. Kanye emzimbeni womuntu, batshaya izitho ezibuthakathaka. Ngokuvame ukuxoshwa e-alveoli yamaphaphu kanye ne-bronchi ngenxa yemswakama ophezulu. Lesi yisimo esihle sokuphila kwabo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukuqoqwa kwamabhaktheriya kuyakhula futhi singakwazi ukubuka isayithi elingenayo imitha ngamasentimitha ambalwa ngosayizi.
Isifo sofuba esivame ukungena emzimbeni kaningi lapho kuqala lesi sifo singenasifo. Ezimweni ezingavamile, lesi sifo siqala, njenge-SARS:
- izinga lokushisa likhuphukela kuma-37-37.5 degrees;
- kukhona ukukhwehlela nge-sputum emnene;
- kukhona ubuthakathaka emisipha, ubuqili;
- isiguli ngokushesha sikhathele.
Zonke lezi zibonakaliso zidlula ngokushesha futhi indlela yodwa yokuthola lesi sifo ukuhlolwa kwe-X-ray kanye ne-fluorography. Ngezinye izikhathi kungenzeka ukuthi ubheke isifo sofuba ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa ngesikhathi sokucubungula nokulalela, kodwa kulokhu kulula ukuyidibanisa ne-pneumonia. Isifo sofuba esithathelwanayo sithathelwana, singanqunywa emva kokuhlaziywa kwe-sputum ku-BK (i-Koch bacillus).
Ukwelashwa kwesifo sofuba sofuba esingenalutho
Ukwelashwa kwesifo sofuba esifungelwe, ngokuya ngesiteji sesifo, kungabandakanya kusukela ezinyangeni ezine kuya eminyakeni eminingana. Iningi lale nkathi isiguli sizochitha esibhedlela sesifo sofuba, ngokuqaphela imithetho yokuhlanzeka nokudla. Imithi eminingi isetshenziswa nge-intravenously, ezinye zingasetshenziswa ngendlela yamaphilisi, kodwa kunoma yikuphi, ukuqapha okuqhubekayo odokotela nokulawula kuyadingeka.
Muva nje, i-chemotherapy iye yazibonakalisa kahle, kodwa kungenzeka kuphela ngegciwane lesandulela ngculaza. Ngesifo sofuba, le nqubo ayisetshenzisiwe. Izinkinga, ezifana nesifo sofuba esingenayo ukungena, ziyingozi kakhulu, ngoba izicubu ze-necrosis zingaholela ekudakwa komzimba ngisho nokufa. Ngokuvamile i-pneumothorax iyadingeka. Yingakho isiguli singanconywa ukuba sishiye ensimini yesikhungo sezokwelapha. Esinye isici ukunciphisa ukutheleleka kwesifo sofuba ngendlela evulekile yabanye abantu.
Isifo sofuba se-Ochagovo-infiltrative sibonakala ngokutholakala kwezilonda eziningana futhi sinenye yezinkinga zesifo.
Ngemuva kokukhishwa esibhedlela, isiguli sinqunywe imithi ekhethekile eyenzelwe ukuvimbela ukubuyela emuva.
Futhi ukuvimbela umphumela ongathandeki wesifo, ungakhohlwa ukwenza uketshezi kwemvelo ngesikhathi .