Ukudla komntwana onyakeni kuyinkinga ebaluleke kakhulu yengxoxo, ekufuneni impendulo lapho izikhanyiso zezwe kanye nezingane zitholakala khona njalo. Bafaka phambili zonke izimpikiswano ezingenzeka futhi ngokumelene nezinhlobonhlobo zakuqala zemenyu yeminyango, besebenzisa ulwazi lwabo emkhakheni wezifo zezingane. Futhi yini okumelwe siyenze, kumama omncane, abangazange bafunge uHippocrates, kodwa ngubani othukuthele ngezingane zabo? Yeka ukuthi ungalimaza kanjani umzimba ophuthumayo wokukhula komntwana futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ubeke isisekelo esiqinile sempilo yakhe nokuzivikela kwakhe eminyakeni eminingi ezayo? Ngemuva kokutadisha ukusikisela okuningi mayelana nokuthi ukondliwa kwengane onyakeni wokuqala wokuphila izinyanga, kuhlanganise nokucabangela izincomo ze-WHO, singabheka uhlelo oluthile lwenhlangano yalo.
Ngakho-ke, ake sicabange ukuthi inqubo yokondla umntwana ngaphambi nangemva komnyaka kuyindlela elula yokwenza izibalo, okubandakanya ukondla / okufakelwayo / okuxutshwe (ngokudla okungeziweko kuze kube ngu-½ kwindleko esetshenzisiwe) ukudla komntwana kanye nokudla okuhambisanayo. Ukuze unqume isikhathi lapho uqobo uzoletha khona ingxenye yokugcina yokudla emkhakheni, ukuhleleka kwemikhiqizo kuyo kuyona msebenzi wethu oyinhloko.
Ukubeletha kuyisiqinisekiso sempilo
Okokuqala, amagama ambalwa mayelana nesisekelo sezinto eziyisisekelo - ukuncelisa ingane, okubambe iqhaza kumntwana ongenakugxiliswa kakhulu: ukudla okunamavithamini nokulinganisela, ukuvikelwa ezigulwaneni, ukuthuthukiswa kokubukeka okubonakalayo, ukukhuluma kwengqondo nokuphila, ukuthuthukiswa kwengqondo nge-IQ, ukuvimbela izinkinga ze-orthodontic, e.
Ukondla umntwana ngenyanga yokuqala kuncike ekusebenziseni ngokulandela imithetho eyisisekelo yokuncelisa:
- sondla ngokufunwa;
- sebenzisa kahle futhi ngezikhundla ezihlukene;
- ungasebenzisi ibhodlela ne-pacifier;
- ukuvuselela ubusuku ngokudla;
- ungaphuzi amanzi;
- Ungazivumeli;
- ayisebenzi - sicela usizo.
Ukudla kwengane ngayinye, ikakhulukazi usana, kuyedwa. Ezinsukwini zokuqala angadla izikhathi ezingu-14 ngosuku, ngenyanga-izikhathi ezingu-12, kancane kancane inani lokudla lizofika 6. Isibonelo, umbuso wokunakekela ingane ezinyangeni ezimbili ungase usungulwe futhi ube nama-reception angu-6 ebisi lwebele. kule nkathi udinga ngaphezulu (kufika ku-140 ml) kunokuba usondle ingane enyangeni engu-1. Isikhathi esiphakathi kwe-feeds ngokuvamile sesifinyelele emahoreni amathathu, futhi uma singenjalo, akusikwesabeki, ngoba sidla ngokufunwa.
Ukuqonda uma kukhona ukudla okwanele, ungaqhubeka kusuka:
- ukwanda okujwayelekile kwesisindo (ngenyanga yokuqala - okungenani amagremu angu-600, ezinyangeni ezisele zonyaka wokuqala - inyanga zonke kuya ku-800 g);
- imvamisa yokuchama kuze kube izikhathi eziyi-8 ngosuku;
- isimo sengqondo esihle nokuziphatha okuzolile kwengane;
- ukulala ubusuku nemini obude.
Akukwanele ubisi lwebele - okungeziwe, alukho ubisi - okuxubile okuhlanganisiwe okubukhoma!
Yiqiniso, izimo "ze-lactational" zihlukile, futhi uma kwenzeka ingane ingabhubhisi, ihlala iwukuyihumusha ibe yindlela ekhethwa kakhulu yokusekela ukubeletha - ukudla okunomsoco. Njengengxenye yokwengeza, ingaba umuthi wobisi, ukudla okuphephile uma kuqhathaniswa nomnikeli, ubisi obukhulu kakhulu bezinkomo noma imbuzi. Kulokhu, ukwesekwa akufanele kuthathe okungaphezu kwesigamu somsoco wokudla kwengane. Uma kungenalo ubisi lwebele ngenxa yesizathu esithile, ngakho-ke njengoba usondelene naye ngangokunokwenzeka, olungiselelwe ubisi lweenkomo ngobuchwepheshe obukhethekile, ifomula lesana ngeke lishiye umntwana elambile. Kule ndaba, kubalulekile ukuhambisa ingxube ngokufanele, ezinxenyeni ezincane, zohlobo olulodwa, ukuqapha ukuvela kokungenwa kwe-allergenic.
Uhlelo lokudla lwezingane ezinyangeni ezingu-3 ngokudla okufakelwayo kufanele lube lubala, ngenxa yesikhathi eside sokuhlanganiswa kwengxube - kuze kube izikhathi ezingu-5 ngosuku ngezinqamuzo zamahora angu-4 phakathi kokuphakelayo namahora angu-8 ubusuku bonke.
Nini ukwethula ukudla okuhambisanayo?
Ngakho, ingane iqala nini ukujwayele imikhiqizo emisha? Uma imibono yezobuchwepheshe mayelana nabancane- "yokufakelwa" ingabonakali - izinyanga ezingu-4,5-5, ngakho-ke izinsana lokhu kungabonakali. Abanye bathi kusukela ezinyangeni ezi-1 kuya kwezingu-2 ama-juice angeniswa ekudleni, ngokusho kwe-WHO, kubalulekile ukuqala ukulahla kusukela ezinyangeni ezingu-6, kusukela umgudu womntwana wesisu ungakhuli, ezinye zifakazela ukuthi ukukhanga kokuqala ezinyangeni ezingu-8 kuzomletha inzuzo eyengeziwe kunezinyanga ezingu-4-5. Ngakho-ke, njengendlela yokukhetha, siphakamisa ukusuka ekuthuthukiseni kwengane, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kubonisa isithakazelo ekudleni kwabantu abadala nokuthi ngabe bayakwazi yini ukugwinya. Ikhono lokuhlala ngokuqinile nokuziqhenya ngokuqinisekile liyizici ezibalulekile, kodwa zivele ezinqabeni, zingakwazi futhi ezinyangeni ezingu-8, nalesi sizukulwane sokudla okuhambisanayo esikubheka isikhathi sekwephuzile. Okufanelekile, uma nje izici ezingenhla zokuthuthukiswa nokubonakaliswa kwezintshisekelo zifinyeleleka, umntwana uneminyaka engu-4 ubudala.
Yini okufanele uqale?
"Ukuzijwayeza" kokuqala kwengane okudla ngaphandle kobisi lwebele noma ingxube kungenziwa esimweni esihlukile:
- I-puree yemifino esuka ku-zucchini, i-cauliflower, izaqathe zifanelana kahle nezingane, zijwayele ukuqotshwa. Ukwenza kube lula ukujwayela isidlo esisha, udinga ukwengeza ubisi oluncane lwesifuba kwimifino ephekwe, emhlabathini noma uhlanganiswe ne-blender. Njengoba ejwayele imifino engasetshenziswanga, ingane izodla ngokujwayelekile esikhathini esizayo.
- Izithelo ezimnandi ezihlanzekile izingane zidla kakhulu ngokuzithandela kunemifino, okungaze kube yilezi zizathu zibe yinkinga.
- Uma ingane ingatholi isisindo noma isisitoreji esivulekile, isidlo sokuqala esiyinkimbinkimbi kufanele sibe ubisi lwe-porridge noma ubisi olungenakusihlwa, kucatshangwa iminyaka yobucucu oboniswe ebhokisini.
Ukulinganisa okulinganiselwe kanye nokujwayelekile kokusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo yansuku zonke lapho ukondla ingane ngezinyanga kukhonjiswa kuthebula elilandelayo:
Ukubekezela kuwe kanye nempilo kubathengi bakho! Bon appetit!