Isitshalo saseStapelia singokwesigaba sezinsuku ezimilayo ezingapheliyo. Emvelweni ikhula eSouth-West Africa emithambekeni yezintaba, ezindaweni ezifakwe izihlahla, eduze kwama-oases. Isiko sithatha igama layo ku-botanist waseDashiya nodokotela uJohannes van Stapel.
Flower of the Stalapia - incazelo
Lesi sitshalo sithole ukuthandwa ngenxa yobuhle bayo obumangalisayo bezimbali ezinkulu, ngenxa yesimo sabo ngokuvamile esibizwa ngokuthi "ulwandle" noma "inkanyezi ka-sheriff". Incazelo yenkambiso:
- I-Stapelia iyimbali yasekhaya enomsoco - okumnandi (ngeziqu ezinqwabelanisa umswakama) 10-60 cm high, ngenani elikhulu lamahlumela enamakha, ahlotshiswe ngama-denticles ezinhlangothini ezine. Ama-germ atholakala eluhlaza, obomvu, obomvu, ombala obomvu, awekho amahlamvu ehlathini.
- I-Corolla igobile, inezikhala ezinhlanu ze-triangular. Umbala utholakala nge-variegated (ezindaweni eziluhlaza), obomvu obubomvu, obomvu obomvu, obonakala ngokuhlukahluka kwama-scorpions kanye nemivimbo.
- Ngokuhambisana nokukhangwa, izimbali zinephunga elimnandi, eliheha izimpukane ngokuvuna impova.
I-Stapel ikhula nini?
Ama-African saplings ayaqhakaza phakathi kuka-Agasti, aqhubeke kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-Okthoba. I-rosette ihlala izinsuku ezimbalwa, ezinye izimbali zifake esikhundleni sayo. Ngemuva kokuba izithelo zakhiwe esitshalweni enembewu eminingi, ifakwe ama-parachute. Ezimweni ezimnandi zokuphila, iStapelia ingajabulisa izinkanyezi eziqhakazile nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka. Njengasendle, isitshalo sidinga umjikelezo wokuphumula. Lapho izinga lokushisa liyancipha futhi ukuchelela kunciphisa, ama-rosettes "alala". Ngokukhanya kwelanga, isitshalo siphendula futhi siqala ukuqhakaza.
Stapelia - Species
Lesi sitshalo sigcwalisa kahle ukuklanywa kwekamelo, okuhlaba umxhwele ngobuhle bayo. I-Stapelia ifana nesitshalo se-ampel, isitshalo sayo esihlathini esivela emmpandeni, sidonse amagatsha aphephezelayo aphuma embizeni futhi aphinde asheshe. Ukubaluleka okuyinhloko kwesitshalo yiziqephu ezingavamile. Inhlobo enkulu yezinhlobo zishintshelwa izimo zasendlini, kaningi kumafasitela kukhona ama-large-flowered, ama-giant, nezinambuzane ezinomvalo ezine-corollas ezivela ku-5 kuya ku-35 cm ububanzi, kuye ngezinhlobonhlobo.
I-Stapelia i-mottled
Okumfushane kakhulu kuya phezulu ku-10 cm high, nge-emerald, ngezinye izikhathi obomvu buba nesobunxele obubonakalayo emaceleni. Izimbali zitholakala phansi kusukela kwesinye kuya kwezicucu eziyisihlanu, i-corolla 5-8 cm ububanzi, igcwele. Amapetali ayenamathele, ayingqayizivele, aphethwe futhi akhomba. Ngaphandle kukhona abushelelezi, ngaphakathi egubhukile, ophuzi, ehlanganiswe ngamachashazi angenalutho angenalutho noma imivimbo. Stapelia variegated ekunakekeleni ngokunganaki, kalula ivumelanisa nezimo ezimbi. Izimbali zikhula ehlobo, ziphunga iphunga elimnandi.
I-Stapelia enkulu-iphethwe
Lesi sitshalo isitshalo esikhulu-esinesitshalo eside esiphumelelayo, sikhula i-tetrahedral eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka esinezidakamizwa ezingenakutholakala. Engxenyeni engezansi yehlumela ehlobo imbali ikhiwa ngamagalelo aphethwe yi-lanceolate afana ne-starfish. Ziyi-burgundy noma zibomvu, zimbozwe nge-silvery villi. I-Corolla ububanzi obuyi-15-25 cm, izimbali zifinyelela ezinsukwini eziyisihlanu, ngalesi sigaba isitshalo sezinyama ezibola.
Stapelia Grandiflora
Indoor plant Stapelia Grandiflora kanye ezinkulu-flowered - lena izinhlobo ezifanayo. Bakhangisa izimbali ezinkulu ezinhlanu ezibomvu ezibomvu ezinezibhakabhaka ezibonakalayo ezisezintanjeni ezincane. Ukuphakama kwamahlumela kufinyelela ku-20-25 cm, ama-rosettes ahlanganiswe ngenkathi yokukhula futhi athole isimo sokuqala sezinkanyezi.
I-Stapelia Guernia
I-guernia engapheli ineziqu ezinomzimba we-tetrahedral, ezigcwele izidakamizwa ezithambile. Izimbali zalo ziqinile njenge-wax, u-2 cm ububanzi, ezibunjwa njengebell, burgundy ngaphakathi, zikhanya ngaphandle. Amacembe e-guernia ahlobene kakhulu kunezinye izinhlobo, futhi awubonakaliswa kakhulu. I-stapel enjalo ekhaya ihlanganisa kakhulu, ikhula kahle. Izimbali ezivuthiwe, i-guernia ingajabulisa amafihlethi aqhakaze unyaka wonke. Iphunga elimnandi lizwakale uma ufika esitshalweni ngqo.
Stapelia Gigantea
Lesi sitshalo sinezinhlanzi ezinamanzi eside kuze kufike ku-20 cm nge-groove ejulile. Esikhathini sesiteji sezimbali, i-Giant Stapelia iyakha ama-1-2 ngobukhulu phakathi kwezihlobo zembali, kuze kube ngu-35 cm ububanzi. I-Volosisty (ene-white villi, ene-red ebb) i-flower-five-petalled imbali idwetshwe emthunzini ophuzi ophuzi obunomshini onobunzima obukhulu. Emaphethelweni e-petals agxiliwe futhi agxilile kakhulu, amathiphu angahle abuye aguquke. Inzuzo yalolu hlobo ukuthi ayinayo iphunga elibi elibi.
Stapelia Variegata
Isitshalo se-stapel ehlukahlukene kanye nezinhlobo ze-Variegata ziyodwa kanye nesiko esifanayo. Zinezitshalo eziphansi eziluhlaza eziluhlaza ngaphandle kwezimbambo, ezinamazinyo anamazinyo. Esigabeni, amahlumela enza umjikelezo ovamile. Izimbali eziphuzi ezibomvu ezinezindawo ezimnyama ziyi-corollas ephithiwe. Phakathi nendawo banesindandatho esivumelwaneni, esakhiwe ngamafayili aqoshiwe. Kunezinhlobo eziningana zeziko ze-variegate, ezahlukaniswa umbala wezimbali eziningi ezisakazwa nge-stellate izimbali ezine-roller phakathi.
Imbali yangaphakathi ye-stapelia - ukulima nokunakekelwa
Njengezitshalo eziningi, isitshalo se-stapel asidingi ukunakekelwa okuningi, ngakho-ke sifaneleka ngabaflorisi abangenalwazi noma abamatasa. Kodwa kunezinye izicabha zokumnakekela, zithembele ngesikhathi sonyaka. Amaphuzu aphambili ekukhuleni:
- Uhlobo lokushisa olududuzayo luyi + 20-27 ° С ehlobo nase-12-15 ° С ebusika. Kusukela ekupheleni kwekwindla, isitshalo sidinga isikhathi sokuphumula. Kunconywa ukuthi wehlise izinga lokushisa okuqukethwe bese unciphisa ukuchelela. I-balcony eneklabhu iyindawo efanelekayo ngesikhathi sokuphumula "i-starfish" kusukela ngasekupheleni kukaNovemba kuya ekuqaleni kukaMashi. Lapho, isitshalo esinamanzi anganisela siyophumula ngaphambi konyaka omusha.
- Kuleli slipway eseningizimu, ukukhanya okuhle kuyadingeka ngokuningi kwelanga eliqondile, ngaphandle kwalokho iziqu zalo ziba mncane. Ezinsukwini ezishisa kakhulu kungcono ukuba i-pritenit, ukuze amahlumela angashisi. Ngokuvamile umbuzo wokuthi kungani i-stapel ingaqhakazi, impendulo iwukuntuleka kokukhanyisa noma izakhi.
- "I-Starfish" ngokwayo isitshela umnikazi uma kunemvula eminingi yelanga - amathiphu amahlumela ayo aqala ukuqhuma.
- Njengoba ukukhanya okungafani kufike, lesi sitshalo siqala ukungenalutho - sibonakala siphunduka emisebeni yelanga. Ngenxa yalokho, isihlahla siba lukhuni ngakolunye uhlangothi futhi sibheke kwenye. Ukuze uvimbele lokhu, udinga ukuphendula isitsha ngokuhlelekile ngokuzungeza i-axis yayo. Kodwa ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza ukuze ugweme ukutshala kwesitshalo semifino, kungcono ukungenzi le nqubo.
- Ukungcola komoya akubalulekile "inkanyezi" ejwayele izimo zase-Afrika, izwa kahle endaweni esomile.
- Inambuzane eyinhloko esongela lesi sitshalo yi- worm mealy . Akaqapheli ukudla iziqu ezinamanzi ezinomsoco. I-beetle kumele ihlanzwe ngamanzi, isitshalo kufanele sinisele nge-insecticide futhi ifakwe esikhwameni se-cellophane izinsuku ezimbalwa.
Ukutshala kweStapelia
Lesi sitshalo sinesimiso sezimpande ezingakhiwe futhi sidinga ibhodlela elingajulile. Ikhono lesithathu kufanele libe ne-drainage - ubumba obunwetshiwe, izingcezu zepulasitiki, i-foam. Kudingekile ukuvimbela amanzi asemhlabathini, okungabangela ukubola kwe-trunk. Inhlabathi yesitshalo idinga ukukhanya, ukuphefumula nokuphumula. Umhlabathi wokutshala ungakulungiswa kusuka ezingxenyeni ezimbili ze-turf phansi kanye nesihlabathi esisodwa. It has a good air and water enhleability kanye neutral acidity.
Ukuze kutholakale imifino kubuye kulungele futhi kuhlanganiswe isitolo samnandi, okufaka amalahle - ivikela inhlabathi ekuboleni nasezinambuzane. Ukufakelwa okuncane okuyisisekelo esidingekayo njalo ngonyaka, kuyenzeka entwasahlobo. Izimbali ezimbili nezinyanga ezintathu ziphazamisa njalo eminyakeni embalwa. Ubude obude buyishintsha isendlalelo esingaphezulu, susa amahlumela endala phakathi, ngoba ngeke aphinde aqhakaze. Ngemuva kokufakelwa, isitshalo akufanele siphuze izinsuku ezingu-7-10 - kungcono kakhulu. I-succulent ikhula ngokushesha, izimbali zivela emahlumela amancane.
I-stapelia - ukuchelela
Lapho ebuzwa ukuthi kungani lezi ziqu ziye zaba buthaka namaqabunga amaqabunga, impendulo ingase ibe ngokweqile komswakama, yingakho izimpande zonakaliswa ngokubola. Lesi sitshalo asikwazi ukuma - iziqu ziphendukile, ziba lethargic futhi ziqale ukunyamalala. Kusukela ngo-Mashi kuya ku-Okthoba, i-Stapelia ithuliswa ngokulinganisela (cishe kanye kanye namasonto amabili) - umhlaba ophakathi kwemiswakama kufanele ume kuze kube ngaphansi kommbiza. Ngesinye isikhathi isitshalo sigcwele amanzi amaningi, kepha ukuqhuma kwamanzi akufanele kuphakame, ngaphandle kwalokho izimpande ze "starfish" zinganyamalala.
Ekwindla isitshalo sinenkathi yokuphumula. Ngakho-ke, kusukela ngo-Okthoba ukuchelela kunciphisa kube kanye ngenyanga, ngoDisemba noJanuwari, isihlahla asikwazi ukugcoba nhlobo. Ngalesi sikhathi, kumele siqiniseke ukuthi lesi sitshalo asomile nokuthi ikholomu yayo ayifuni ukuqina. Ukunakekelwa ngokufanele ngesikhathi sokuphumula kuzoqinisekisa ukubonakala kwehle "zezinkanyezi" zasehlobo. Ngemuva kokuba i-bud bud isakhiwe emasikweni, abanikazi bamnandi banesithakazelo ekutheni, i-stapel ngesikhathi sokuchichima ayidingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile - bayayifaka njengenhlabathi eyomile. Amanzi okuchelela adinga ukulula, akufanele kubanda.
I-Cactus Stapelia - ukugqoka okuphezulu
Amaminerali amaminerali anomthelela omuhle embali yaseStapelia, ukunakekelwa kwekhaya kuhilela ukondla kwentwasahlobo nokwindla - kuphela ngenkathi umsebenzi wezitshalo. Ukondliwa ngalesi sigaba njalo ngemva kwamasonto amabili ngamaxube akhethekile we-cacti noma ama-succulents emazingeni okunconywa. Izingxube ezifanelekile zi-Agricola, Florovit, i-Pokon, i-Bona Forte. Ebusika, lesi sitshalo asondliwe. I-Stapelia ithinta kahle kumanyolo we-potash, ngenxa yalokho iqala ukumelana nezifo.
Stapelia - ukukhiqiza
Ungasakaza isitshalo ngezindlela ezintathu:
- Imbewu. Zivela ezithelweni zezithelo kwi "star star" unyaka wonke. Imbewu iqoqiwe, ifakwe ama-tufts of fluff, okudingeka asuswe. Imbewu imile isigamu sehora ngesisombululo se-potassium permanganate, ihlwanyelwa endishini ehlukile endaweni emincane, emva kwamasonto 3-4 ihluma. Ngemuva kokukhetha i-trunk, batshalwe ngamabhodwe ayi-6 cm.
- Stapelia - ukubuyabuyelela okusheshayo nge-cuttings. Amagciwane aqedwe amahlumela endala. Ngaphambi kokutshala, boma emini, emva kokuba batshalwe esiteji esakhiwe ngesihlabathi esinamahloni ngokufaka inani elincane lamapipi e-peat. Phakathi nezinsuku ezingu-7-10 ekushiseni kwama-20 ° C, izimpande zivela ezicutheni. Izithombo ezinamandla zifakelwa izimbiza ezingu-7. Ukwakhiwa komhlaba kuzoba okufana nezithombo zezithombo. Ukusika kufanele kuthathwe kuleso sitshalo somama, esivele sesiqhakaze. Indodakazi yentaba ke kungcono ukubopha iziqu zakho.
- Ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla. Ngesikhathi sokufakelwa, isihlahla sikamama singahlukaniswa ngezitshalo eziningana, ngasinye esitshalwe kuso esitsheni esisodwa.
Ukubunjwa komhlaba kunjengokulandelayo: i-turf, iqabunga, ishlabathi (1: 2: 1), plus 1 ingxenye yamalahle anelime (1: 8). Ngonyaka ozayo amahlumela abasha ashintshwe zibe izimbiza ezingu-7. Khulisa "i-starfish" ngokushesha. Kumelwe silungiselele ukuthi isitshalo esincane singase singabonakali njengesitshalo somzali, ngoba imiphambano yaseStapelia kahle. Ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila, i-coma yomhlaba akumele ime. Lesi sitshalo siqala kusukela emanzini ngonyaka wesithathu noma wesine wokuphila.