I-arrhythmia ukwephulwa kwemvamisa, isigqi nokuhlelwa kokuncintisana nokweqa kwenhliziyo. Ngomuntu ngamunye, izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo liwuphawu olulodwa, oluxhomeke ocansini, ubudala, umzimba, isimo sezempilo nezinye izici eziningi. Kodwa ezimweni eziningi, isilinganiso senhliziyo kubantu abadala abadala abanempilo asidluli izinsimbi ezingu-60-90 ngomzuzu.
Inqubo yokuqhaqhazela enhliziyweni ihlotshaniswa nezimpembezo ezivela kwi-node ye-sinus (umshayeli womculo) osezingeni eliphezulu le-atrium elungile. Amapulisi adlulisa amafayili akhethekile, okwenza ukuba i-atrium ivumelane, iqhubekele ku-node ye-atrioventricular kanye ne-ventricles. Zonke lezi zakhiwo ziyisimiso sokuziphatha senhliziyo, futhi nganoma yikuphi ukuphazamiseka okukhona kukho ukuhluleka enkundleni yenhliziyo - izinhlobo ezahlukene zokuhlelwa kwe-arrhythmia.
Kuyini okusho ukuthi "sinus arrhythmia"?
I-sinus arrhythmia ukusabalalisa okungalingani kwezimfutho ku-node ye-sinus ngenxa yokuphulwa kwesikhashana sokuzijabulisa kwalokhu okugcina, lapho isigqi singase sibe ngokushesha noma sihambe kancane, futhi ukuvinjelwa kwemizimba kungenzeka ngezikhathi ezingalingani zesikhathi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukulandelana okulungile kwenhliziyo kugcinwa.
Kwezinye izimo, i-sinus arrhythmia isimo esingokwemvelo esingesiyingozi, isibonelo, njengesenzo sokucindezeleka noma ukucindezeleka ngokomzimba, emva kokudla okunaminingi, ngokuphefumula okukhulu, njll Kwezinye izimo, ukuphazanyiswa kwesigqi kungumphumela wezinqubo ezihlukahlukene ze-pathological futhi kudinga ukwelashwa.
Izimbangela nezimpawu ze-sinus arrhythmia
Kunamaqembu amaningana wezinto ezibangela ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo yenhliziyo, okungukuthi:
1. Inhliziyo:
- ischemic isifo senhliziyo;
- i-infarction ye-myocardial;
- ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo;
- i-cardiomyopathy;
- i-myocarditis , njll.
2. Akunamaphutha:
- i-dystonia yemifino yemvelo;
- i-anemia;
- i-bronchitis;
- i-asthma ye-bronchial;
- isifo sikashukela mellitus;
- Izifo zegciwane le-thyroid, njll.
3. Imithi - ukusebenzisa isikhathi eside noma okungalawulwa kwemithi ethile, isibonelo:
- i-glycosides yenhliziyo ;
- i-diuretics;
- izidakamizwa ezingavamile, njll.
4. Ukuphazamiseka kwe-electrolyte - ukuguquka kwesilinganiso sama-salti we-potassium, i-sodium ne-magnesium equkethe emzimbeni.
5. Izimo ezinobuthi:
- ukubhema ugwayi;
- ukuphuza utshwala;
- ukuchayeka kwamakhemikhali amakhemikhali.
Ezimweni lapho imbangela yokuphazamiseka kwengqondo yenhliziyo engakwazi ukuqiniswa, ikhuluma nge-idiopathic sinus arrhythmia.
I-sinus arrhythmia ejwayelekile, eyenzeka njalo ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca, izinguquko ze-hormone emzimbeni, ngenxa yokuguga ngokwemvelo, njll, ayikho imibonakaliso ebonakalayo futhi ayibangeli ukukhathazeka okukhethekile. Izinga eliphakeme kakhulu le-sinus arrhymia ingaba nemibonakaliso elandelayo:
- i-dyspnea ekuphumuleni;
- ubuthakathaka obuqinile;
- ushintsho e-blood pressure;
- umuzwa wenhliziyo echotshozayo;
- izinhliziyo zomzimba;
- umbono ongenalutho;
- ubuhlungu besifuba
- umuzwa wokuntuleka komoya;
- isiyezi.
I-Sinus arrhythmia ku-ECG
I-electrocardiography iyindlela esemqoka yokuxilongwa kwe-arrhythmia. Isibonakaliso sesifo se-cardiogram yisisindo sokunciphisa kancane kancane noma ukunwetshwa kwezikhathi zeRR (ibanga eliphakathi kwamazinyo aphezulu). Ukuze uthole isithombe esinemininingwane esengeziwe mayelana nokuqapha kwe-Holter yokugula kungasetshenziswa - ukurekhoda kwe-ECG nsuku zonke, eyenziwa ngokuqhubekayo amahora angu-24 usebenzisa irekhodi eliphathekayo. I-ECG nayo ingenziwa ngaphansi komthwalo.
Ukwelashwa kwesimiso se-sinus
Okokuqala, iziguli kudingeka zikhishwe izimbangela ezimbi ezibangelwa ukuphazamiseka kwenhliziyo:
- imikhuba emibi;
- ukucindezeleka;
- ukungabi nokulala;
- ukuzama ngokweqile ngokomzimba;
- ukudla okungenampilo;
- ukuphuza itiye eliqinile, ikhofi, njll.
Ukwelashwa kuqondiswa ekuqedeni izifo ezivusayo ezivelayo, lapho imithi ehlukahlukene ivame ukusetshenziswa. Izidakamizwa ze-antiarrhythm nazo zinqunywe, kanti ezimweni ezinzima, i-pacemaker ifakiwe.