I-Psychological Humanistic yayiwumphumela wokuzindla okujulile komphakathi waseMelika, ebhekene nombuzo walokho umuntu akukho konke, yiziphi amandla akhe nezindlela zokuthuthukiswa. Yiqiniso, le mibuzo yaphakanyiswa ngaphambili futhi yabhekwa ngabameleli bezikole ezahlukene. Kodwa-ke, izimpi zomhlaba ezimbili zenze izinguquko zomhlaba wonke emphakathini, okufaka ukubaluleka kwemibono emisha nokuqonda.
Ucwaningo lwezemvelo lufundani?
Isihloko esiyinhloko sokutadisha isiqondiso sabantu ekufundeni kwengqondo kunempilo, abantu abavuthiwe, abakhuthele abakhuthele, balwela ukuthuthukiswa okuphakade futhi bahlala endaweni yokuphila esebenzayo. Izazi zengqondo zesimanje seziphikisana nomuntu nomphakathi. Ngokungafani nezinye izindawo, babekholelwa ukuthi akukho mpikiswano phakathi komphakathi nomuntu ngamunye. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ekubonweni kwabo, kuyimpumelelo yomphakathi eyenza umuntu abe nomuzwa wokugcwala kokuphila komuntu.
Ubuntu kumqondo wengqondo yabantu
Izisekelo ze-psychology yabantu zitholakala emasikweni efilosofi abantu abakholelwa ku-Renaissance, i-Lighting, i-Romanticism yaseJalimane, izimfundiso zikaFeererbach, i-Nietzsche, i-Husserl, i-Dostoevsky, i-Tolstoy, imfundiso yokuba khona kwezinto ezikhona kanye nezinhlelo zefilosofi nezenkolo zasempumalanga.
Indlela yokusebenza kwengqondo yabantu ibonakala emisebenzini yabalobi abanjalo:
- A. Maslow, K. Rogers, S. Jurard, F. Barron, abaveze imibono yabo ngobuntu obuphephile, obusebenza ngokugcwele;
- ekuthuthukiseni ubuntu emqondweni wesintu, inkinga yokushayela amabutho ekubunjweni nasekuthuthukisweni komuntu ngamunye, ngezidingo kanye nemigomo ebhalwe ngu-A. Maslow, V. Frankl, S. Bühler;
- inkinga yobuhlobo bomuntu siqu kanye nokudalula ngokwakho ebuhlotsheni kuchazwe nguK. Rogers, S. Jurard, R. May;
- mayelana nezinkinga zenkululeko nomthwalo wemfanelo, wabhala uFarron, R. May noVr. Frankl.
Ngokuvamile, ubuntu bomuntu bubhekwa ngezici ezinjalo:
- indoda ayiyona isethi yamalungu, kodwa umuntu wonke;
- Umuntu ngamunye uyingqayizivele, ngakho-ke kufanelekile ukubhekana nesimo ngasinye esivela kumbono wobuntu bakhe. Ngokusekelwe kulolu dumo, ukukhiqizwa kwezibalo akubonakali;
- Ukuphila komuntu kuyindlela eyodwa yokuba umuntu;
- umuntu ungumuntu osebenzayo odinga ukuthuthukiswa;
- Iqiniso eliyisisekelo sengqondo yilokho okuhlangenwe nakho komuntu;
- umuntu angaqondiswa yimigomo nemigomo yakhe, okumsiza ukuba, ngezinga elithile, azimele ezimbangela zangaphandle.
Izindlela zengqondo yezenkolo
I-Psychological Humanistic isiye yasakazeka, okuye kwaholela ekwandiseni isethi yezindlela ezifanele kulezi ziqondiso. Phakathi kwezindlela ezidumile kunazo zonke:
- ukwelapha ubuciko - ukuziqaphela ngokwenza umdwebo, umculo, ukunyakaza;
- ukuqeqeshwa ngokuzenzakalela ngendlela ye-I.Shultz - ukucwiliswa ngaphakathi kwakho, ukuxhumana nomuntu wangaphakathi;
- ukuboniswa nguC. Simonton - ukuqaphela izifiso, ukwakha imigomo
ngokusebenzisa ukuboniswa okubukwayo; - amasu asempumalanga, okuhlanganisa ukuzindla, yoga, hatha yoga, taijiquan, tantrism, njll.
- i-vegetotherapy ye-B. Reich, esekelwe emcabangweni wokuthi izifo ezingapheli ziwumphumela wezihluthulelo zomzimba ezibangelwa ukucindezeleka ;
- Uhlelo lwe-Neuro-linguistic, olungubo abasunguli beJer Grinder no R. Bandler. Banikeza ukunaka okukhethekile emisekelweni yamazwi engathonya ingqondo yomuntu.
Kungaba okungalungile ukubiza i-psychology yesintu isayensi yesayensi. Ngesikhathi sokubukeka, wathatha i-niche ebalulekile ekuqondeni ukuthi kukhona umuntu, futhi ngokushesha masinyane waba yinto yamasiko jikelele.