Ukukhwehlela okumanzi - okungazalisi, okungahambisani nesikhukhula. Lolu hlobo lwe-reflex lokukhwehlela lubuhlungu kakhulu, lubuhlungu futhi alubuyisanga. Isizathu sokubukeka kwayo singaba njengokucasuka kwezinto zokuphefumula ngezidakamizwa ezihlukahlukene (izilonda, uthuli, amagesi, izimpukane zamakhemikhali, njll), nezifo ezithathelwanayo nezivuzayo (amagciwane, amagciwane) ohlelweni lokuphefumula. Futhi, ukukhwehlela okungakhiqizi kungabonisa:
- izifo eziphazamisayo;
- ukungavamile kwesisu;
- izinqubo ze-neoplastic;
- izinkinga ngenhliziyo.
Ngaphambi kokwelapha ukukhwehlela owomile, okubuhlungu, kufanele uthole ukuthi imbangela yalokho kwenzeka. Lokhu kungenziwa kuphela udokotela emva kokuhlolwa okunye. Ngezifo zokuphefumula, ukuphathwa kokwehlela owomile kuqondiswa, okokuqala, ukuyihumusha ibe ifomu elikhiqizayo nelomanzi. Cabanga ngalokho ngokuvamile okunconywa ukuphatha ukukhwehlela okunomile kakhulu, okucasulayo ne-bronchitis nezinye izifo ezibangelwa izifo ezihlukahlukene zokuphefumula.
Kunokwelapha ukukhwehlela owomile - imithi
Uma ukukhwehlela owomile kuhlushwa ebusuku, uhlu lwazo izidakamizwa kunokwelapha lesi sibonakaliso lungabandakanya izidakamizwa eziphikisanayo ezivimbela ukuguqulwa komkhuhlane. Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa zaleli qembu kulungele ukukhwehlela njalo, ukukhwehlela okweqisayo, ukuphazamisa ukulala okuvamile, okuhambisana nokuhlanza, ubuhlungu obukhulu.
Izidakamizwa ze-Antitussive zihlukaniswe zibe izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko:
1. Izidakamizwa ezithintekayo eziphakathi - zithinta ngokuqondile isikhungo sokukhwehlela ebuchosheni:
- I-Codeine;
- I-butamyrate;
- I-Glaucine;
- Ledin et al.
2. Ukulungiswa kwesenzo se-peripheral - cindezela i-reflex yokukhwehlela ngenxa yesenzo ekupheleleni kwamagciwane okuphefumula:
- I-Bithiodine;
- Libexin nabanye.
Ukwandisa i-bronchi, vuselela umsebenzi wesistimu yokuphefumula, nciphisa i-sputum ebonakalayo enzima yokukhipha, i-expectorants isetshenziswa. Lezi zidakamizwa nazo zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amabili:
1. Izidakamizwa zemfihlo, ukugqugquzela ukuxilongwa kwe-reflex kanye nokwenza ukwandisa ekubunjweni kwemfihlo yokucwiliswa kwe-liquid (sputum). Lezi zimali zisekelwe ku:
- iodide ye-potassium;
- i-bicarbonate ye-sodium;
- benzoate sodium;
- izimpande zelayisensi, njll.
2. I-sputum encane, ekhuphuka kakhulu futhi ikhuthaza ukuhamba kwayo. Lezi yizidakamizwa ezifana nalezi:
- Ambroxol;
- I-Bromhexine ;
- kusho ukususelwa ku-cysteine, njll.
Amalungiselelo okwelashwa okuhlongozwe ngokukhwehlela owomile angasetshenziswa kokubili ngomlomo (amaphilisi, i-syrups, njll), nangokungena nge-nebulizer noma i-inhaler.
Ukulungiselela ukukhwehlela owomile kwisitshalo
Futhi, ukukhwehlela owomile kunganconywa i-lollipops noma i-lozenges yokumuncwa, ukukhukhumeza nokunciphisa i-lrynx evuthayo. Lokhu, njengomthetho, kusho ukususelwa ezitshalweni zokwelapha:
- i-sage;
- i-eucalyptus;
- i-mint;
- i-ginger;
- fennel, njll.
Izincomo zokuqeda ukukhwehlela owomile
Ukuze ukhwehlela owomile ungene ngokushesha emanzini, kufanele:
- Sebenzisa amanzi amaningi ngangokunokwenzeka. Kungaba ngamaminerali amaminerali angamakhemikhali ngaphandle kwegesi, i-teas, i-herbal infusions, i-compotes, ama-juice, ubisi kanye nokwengezwa kwe-soda, njll. Uketshezi akufanele kube kushisayo noma kubanda, kodwa kufudumele kancane.
- Igumbi lapho isiguli sitholakala khona kufanele siphume umoya futhi sihlanzwe kaningi (ukuhlanza okumanzi), futhi nokuqapha izinga elijwayelekile lokuswakama emoyeni.
- Uma ukukhwehlela owomile kuhambisane nobuhlungu kanye nomphimbo obuhlungu , ama-rinses kufanele ayenze. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungasebenzisa isisombululo soda, izifo zamakhambi zokwelapha (chamomile, sage, calendula, njll).