Amagilebhisi avame ukubhekana nezifo eziningi ezithathelwanayo nezingezona ezithathelwanayo, kanti futhi zivame ukuhlaselwa yizinambuzane. Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela ukuthi yiziphi izinambuzane eziyizinambuzane zamagilebhisi, futhi mayelana nezinyathelo eziyisisekelo zokulwa nazo.
Isibungu se-spider
Ngaphandle kwamagilebhisi, umlenze wesicabucabu uphazamisa ezinye izinhlobo ezingu-200 zezitshalo ezihlukahlukene. Udla amaqabunga amaqabunga omvini, ngokuvamile ahlala ngaphansi kweqabunga bese ehlala khona aze aqede zonke izakhi kuwo. Khona-ke le mite iyahamba kwelinye iqabunga lomvini, njalonjalo. Amaqabunga, aphethwe yi-disest, aphenduka aphuzi noma avule, abese evuleka futhi agubha. Amahlumela amancane egatsha elilimale akhula kakhulu futhi akhula kancane kunokujwayelekile. Umkhaza uphinde uthinte amagilebhisi ngokwabo: baba acidic, okuqukethwe kokushukela kunciphisa.
Igama lalezi zinambuzane livele ngenxa 'yomkhuba' wakhe wokubopha indawo yakhe yokuhlala nama-cobwebs. Ngokusho kwalesi sici, indawo yayo ingenziwa kalula ukuze kuthathwe izinyathelo ezidingekayo ngesikhathi. Ukuvikela amagilebhisi kuma-mites ama-acaricides asetshenziswa (amalungiselelo eSanmayt, Neoron, Aktelik, Omayt nabanye), kanye nezinambuzane eziqukethe isulfure.
Isivini
Le nkathazo, ebizwa ngezesayensi ngokuthi "phytoptus", ithinta kuphela izinhlobo ezithile zamagilebhisi, okuvame ukwenziwa ngama-hybrid. Ehlangothini elingenhla leqabunga lamagilebhisi, elithintekayo ngokubetha, kukhona ama-tubercles, nangaphansi - izimbobo ezihambelana nezinwele. Umphumela oqondile we "umsebenzi" wokubamba ukulimaza ukuwohloka kwe-photosynthesis yeqabunga, futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi amaqabunga aphendukile bese ewa. Kodwa-ke, ezinhlangothini zamagilebhisi i-zuden ayihambisani ne-parasitize.
Ukucubungulwa kwamagilebhisi kusuka ezinambuzane ezinjenge-spider mite kanye nokuhlunga amagilebhisi kungcono ekupheleni kukaMeyi, ukuhlanganiswa nezinyathelo zokulwa namagqabi amaqabunga, okuzoxoxwa ngezansi. Ukuze uvikeleke ngokuphumelelayo kwamagilebhisi avela ezinambuzane ezidla amahlamvu, sebenzisa i-insectoacaricides.
Philloxera
I-Phylloxera iyinkinga eyingozi kunazo zonke yamagilebhisi. Kuyizinhlobo ze-aphid - izinambuzane ezincane ezondla ijusi yesitshalo, futhi zihlala kuphela kumagilebhisi. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ze-phylloxera - gallic (leafy) kanye nezimpande.
Izilwane zokuqala zihlala kuphela emaqabungeni, zihlala ngaphansi kweqabunga lamagilebhisi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ama-blister avela kuwo, abizwa ngokuthi ama-galls, lapho i-phylloxera ehlala khona ngempela. Uma ungawulwi, ukutheleleka kungahamba kusuka emaqabungeni kuya emathangeni, ukusika kanye neziqu zamagilebhisi.
I-phylloxera yezimpande zithinta, ngokulandelana, uhlelo lwempande zezitshalo. Nge-proboscis yayo ebukhali, i-larva yayo ihlaba izicubu zesitshalo noma izimpande futhi ixosha zonke izakhi (ama-carbohydrate, amafutha kanye namaprotheni) aguqulwa yi-enzyme yamathambo ayo abe yinto ehambisanayo eguqulelwe ukugaya kwayo.
Ukufafaza amagilebhisi ezinambuzane kungenye yezindlela zokulwa ne-phylloxera. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa kwezinambuzane ezikhethekile (Confidor, Aktelik, njll), ukutshala kwenhlabathi ngama-fumigants, nokulima kwenhlabathi egcwele amagilebhisi okumelene ne-phylloxera (ubumba, isicumbi, i-solonetsous noma i-sands) nakho kuyindlela ethandwayo. Futhi indlela ephumelela kunazo zonke ukuhlukanisa indawo - iyanciphisa yonke i-foci yokutheleleka endaweni yokuhlukanisa indawo.
Amashidi Amashidi
Ngokungafani namabhungane - izinambuzane zamagilebhisi, ama- sheetworms - akuwona ama-butterflies angenakulimaza. Zonakalisa izithelo zomvini, eziqala ukuthuthukisa ama-microorganisms eziyingozi, ezibangela ukubola kwesitshalo. Ezingxenyeni zethu, lezi zinhlobo ezintathu ezilandelayo zamapheshana zivame kakhulu:
- i-grozdevaya - i-butterfly ensundu noma ensundu, ethinta kakhulu amajikijolo nama-ovari wezithelo zomvini;
- uneminyaka emibili ubudala - inambuzane encane yombala ophuzi ophuzi, okwenza umonakalo omkhulu ku-inflorescences ne-ovary encane yamagilebhisi;
- I-butterfly ephakathi kwamagilebhisi, edla amaqabunga amancane omvini entwasahlobo.