Izimo zokusebenza yizo zonke izici ezithonya isisebenzi, imvelo ezungezile emsebenzini noma endaweni yomsebenzi, inqubo yokusebenza ngokwayo. Izimo zokusebenza eziphephile yizo ezingathinti isisebenzi, noma le nethonya ayidluli amazinga asekelwe. Kunezigaba ezine eziyinhloko zazo zonke izimo zokusebenza: okulungile, ezamukelekayo, eziyingozi nezingozi.
Izimo zokusebenza ezilimazayo yizimo zendawo yokusebenza futhi inqubo ngokwayo ephazamisa umuntu osebenzayo, futhi ngokwanele isikhathi noma ukusebenza komsebenzi, ngisho nezifo ezehlukene zomsebenzi zibangelwa. Izimo zokusebenza ezinobungozi nezingozi zingabangela ukukhubazeka okuphelele noma okuncane, ukukhushulwa kwesifo se-somatic nezinye izifo, kuthinta impilo yezinzalo. Ukuhlukaniswa kwezimo zokusebenza eziyingozi kuyenzeka ngokuya kwezinga lokulimaza.
- I-degree lokuqala: Izimo zokusebenza zenza izinguquko zokusebenza ezibuyiselwa ukuphazanyiswa isikhathi eside koxhumana nezici eziyingozi.
- Isiqu sesibili: Izimo zokusebenza zibangelwa ukuguquka kokusebenza okuqhubekayo okuholela ezifweni zomsebenzi emva komsebenzi wesikhathi eside (iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-15).
- Isigaba sesithathu: izimo zokusebenza zenza ushintsho oluqhubekayo lokusebenza oluholela ezifweni zomsebenzi, ukukhubazeka okwesikhashana ngesikhathi somsebenzi.
- Isiqu sesine: izimo zokusebenza zenza izinhlobo ezimbi zezifo zomsebenzi, ukukhula kwezifo ezingapheli, ukulahlekelwa okuphelele kokukwazi ukusebenza.
Uhlu lwezimo zokusebenza eziyingozi
Ake sithole ukuthi iziphi izimo zokusebenza ezibhekwa njengengozi. Uhlu lwezimo zokusebenza eziyingozi limelelwa yizici ezithinta isisebenzi, isimo sakhe sezempilo, kanye nezingane ezizayo.
Izici zomzimba:
- umswakama kanye nokushisa, ukushisa okushisa nokushisa kwelanga, ijubane lomoya;
- amasimu kagesi, ama-pulses, imisebe;
- amasimu kagesi kanye nezinhlayiya ze-air;
- I-Laser, i-ultraviolet, imisebe ye-ionizing, i-ultra- ne-infrasound;
- vibration, aerosols kanye nothuli;
- ukukhanya okwanele noma okweqile, ukuqhuma, ukungalingani.
2. Izici zamakhemikhali : Izingxube zamakhemikhali kanye nezinto noma izinto eziphilayo ezitholakala ngama-chemical antibiotics, ama-enzyme, ama-hormone, amavithamini, njll.
3. Izinto eziphilayo : izingxube zezinto eziphilayo (izinto ezincane, amaseli nezinhlamvu, amabhaktheriya).
4. Izici zomsebenzi: ukuqina, ukuhlukumezeka, isikhathi sokusebenza komsebenzi.
Imisebenzi enezimo eziyingozi zokusebenza yizo zonke ezifaka lezi zici nezimo zokusebenza. Ukusebenza ngezimo zokusebenza eziyingozi kuhlanganisa nezinzuzo ezithile nezinzuzo okumelwe zinikezwe abasebenzi.
Shiya izimo zokusebenza eziyingozi
Wonke umsebenzi unelungelo leholide elikhokhelwa yonyaka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, labo abanomsebenzi oqukethe izimo zokusebenza ezilimazayo banelungelo lokuthola ikhefu elengeziwe. Leli liholide elikhokhelwayo elengeziwe, elinikezwa ngaphezu kweyodwa. Ngokusho kwemithetho, labo:
- umatasa ukusebenza ngezimo zokusebenza eziyingozi noma eziyingozi;
- unomsebenzi okhethekile womsebenzi owenziwe;
- unosuku olusebenzayo olungavamile;
- isebenza ezindaweni ezithile, isibonelo, e-Far North noma kwezinye ezichazwe ngumthetho.
Izinzuzo zemibandela yokusebenza eyingozi
Ngaphezu kokukhokha okunye okukhokhelwayo, abasebenzi banikezwa izinzuzo ezithile ngezimo zokusebenza ezilimazayo. Zihlanganisa:
- impesheni yokuguga ngokwemigomo yezinzuzo;
- kunciphise amahora okusebenza noma amasonto;
- ukukhokhelwa okukhokhelwayo;
- ukutholakala mahhala ubisi noma ezinye imikhiqizo yokudla elinganayo.