Indlela yokutshala imbewu yembewu emhlabathini ovulekile - imithetho elula yokulungiselela nokutshala

Ngaphambi kokutshala imbewu yembewu endaweni evulekile, kudingeka uzijwayeze ngamasu okutshala isitshalo esinjalo. Lokhu kuyisiko samaprotheni esiwusizo, kufanelekile ukutshala ezindaweni ezahlukene zezulu. Khulisa ummbila wefulawa, ama-flakes, kuhle kakhulu ekunceliseni izinkomo, izinkukhu.

Ummbila - ukutshala nokunakekelwa emhlabathini ovulekile

Ummbila uyisiko elide kuze kufike kumamitha amathathu phezulu ngehlelo elijulile lokuhluma izimpande. Uthanda ukufudumala nokukhanya. Ukutshala imbewu yembewu emhlabathini ovulekile kwenziwa endaweni efudumele ngokufinyelela okukhulu kwelanga. Isiko asizithobeki emhlabathini, isixazululo esingcono kakhulu sizoba isayithi elinethebula elingaphansi komhlaba. Zitshala isiko kusukela ohlangothini lwe-lee - livikela ngokuphelele isakhiwo emoyeni. Uma utshala imbewu emasimini, ucabangela yonke imigomo nemithetho, khona-ke engxenyeni yesibili yehlobo ungathola isivuno esihle.

Amaprosesa aseMbewu ekutshalweni

Inhlabathi ephelele yenkambiso iyoba yi-chernozem ephefumlayo lapho abandulela phambili bommbila bekhula khona:

• ubhontshisi;
• ithanga;
• iklabishi;
• amazambane;
• i-patissons;
• i-zucchini;
• utamatisi;
• ukhukhamba.

Ngemuva kwabo, umhlaba kumele udonswe ekwindla - ukususa ukhula, iziqongo, ukumba ngokujulile, ukucwilisa umquba ogcwele - amalitha angu-5 ngomitha wesikwele. Futhi, engeza 30 g we-superphosphate, 15 g we-ammonium nitrate kanye no-20 g we-potassium sulfide per m ² yesiqephu. Entwasahlobo - nitrofosku 50 g ngalinye 1 m ² futhi ukhulule inhlabathi, indawo ehambelana. Akunconywa ukutshala isiko ngemuva kwesibindi - sithinteka ngesifo esifanayo sofungal. Uma ukondla ngokufanele ngotshani ngesikhathi semifino yonke ye-pore, ngemuva kwalokho kusayithi kungcono ukuhlakulela i-dill, i-wise, basil, isithombo sebhitrudi noma i-zucchini.

Ngesikhathi sokutshala ummbila emhlabathini ovulekile?

Ngaphambi kokutshala imbewu yembewu endaweni evulekile ngenqubo engekho imbewu, kuyadingeka ukulinda kuze kube yilapho umhlaba ushisa kuze kufike izinga lokushisa elamukelekayo lika +10 - 12 ° C futhi akukho ingozi yeqhwa eliphindaphindiwe. Njengoba lesi sitshalo sibucayi ngisho nasezingeni eliphansi lokushisa, akufanelekile ukusheshisa ngembewu yokuhlwanyela imbewu - ngaphansi kwezimo ezingaphansi kuka -10 ° ° ayikwazi ukuhluma, kanti izitshalo ezingapheli lapho kupholile zizoyeka ukukhula.

Isikhathi sokutshala ummbila endaweni evulekile sincike ngokugcwele ezimweni zezulu ezikhona nesifunda esikhulayo. Eningizimu yezwe bavela ekuqaleni kukaMeyi, ezindaweni ezingasenyakatho izitshalo zishintsha amaviki amabili futhi ziwa ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi. Ezindaweni ezipholile kakhulu, izithombo zihlanganiswa ne-agrofiber emnyama (idonsela imisebe ye-ultraviolet) ukufudumala umhlaba.

Ungakhipha kanjani ummbila ngaphambi kokutshala?

Ngaphambi kokutshala imbewu yembewu ngqo emhlabathini ovulekile, kungcono ukuhluma. Imbewu ehlwanyelayo izonikeza isivuno se-100%, futhi ukuwacubungula ngamakhemikhali akhethekile kuzokwenza kube namandla futhi kusebenze. Imithetho yokuhluma imbewu:

1. Ukuqala kwenzalo kubalulekile ukugcina izinsuku ezinhlanu ekushiseni elangeni, zihlanganiswe kunoma yikuphi izinto zemvelo ezifudumala kahle.
2. Ngemuva kokuthi imbewu kumele ifakwe ekukhuleni okusheshayo noma isisombululo se-potassium permanganate imizuzu engama-30.
3. Bese uhlanza impahla yokutshala ngamanzi ahlanzekile bese uyomisa ephepheni.
4. Ukufaka ummbila ngaphambi kokutshala kungcono kakhulu okwenziwe esitsheni sepulasitiki ngesembozo, ngaphansi kwalokho okudingekayo ukufaka indwangu enkulu eboshiwe (noma izingxenye eziningana ze-gauze).
5. Ukushisa kufanele kugcinwe ku-25 ° C.
6. Ukuze ufinyelele emoyeni, umkhumbi kumele ube njalo umoya.
7. Indwangu ayifuni ukuma - itholwe esitokisini se-spray.
8. Ngemuva kokuthi imbewu idlulile (cishe izinsuku ezingu-5-7), ingahlwanyelwa emhlabathini ovulekile. Ifakiwe, ongazange akhulule izimpande, kuyadingeka ukususa.
9. Kumbewu yemifino yemifino kufanele itshalwe enhlabathini enomswakama, ukusuka phezulu ukuze ugcwalise kuqala ngemanzi emanzi, emva kokuma. Ungabeka i-mulch ngendlela yobunjani ngendlela yobuncwane.

Imithetho yokutshala ummbila

Ukuhluma kwembewu kwenziwa ngendlela ejwayelekile - inhlabathi idinga ukuhanjiswa, yenza izimbobo, amanzi. Ngemuva kokulinda, lapho umswakama ubambelela, imbewu isakazwa, ifafazwe futhi ihlanganiswe kancane. Uma ukutshala kommbila ngemifino kuyomile, khona-ke kudingekile ukufaka izicucu ezingu-4-5 (lezo zihlume ziqinisekisiwe). Ngemva kokuhluma, okwenzeka ngosuku lweshumi nambili, izinto ezitshaliwe zihlolwa, amahlumela abuthakathaka asuswe. Uma imbewu ehlwanyelwe ikhula, khona-ke imbewu emibili ingafakwa emthonjeni owodwa, njengoba ithuba lokusinda kwabo lifinyelela ku-100%.

Ukujula kokutshala ummbila emhlabathini ovulekile

Ukujula okukhulu kokutshala kommbila endaweni evulekile nembewu kuxhomeke esimweni sembewu - ihlume noma isomile. Imbewu evulekile enezihlwanyela itshalwe emhlabathini omanzi, ingcwatshwe ngo 3-4 cm. Imbewu eyomile kufanele itshalwe kancane kancane - ngokujule okungenani okungama-7 cm. Ubuningi bomhlabathi obunjalo bungcono kakhulu emoyeni ukufaka imbewu edingekayo yokuhluma.

Uhlelo lokutshala ummbila emhlabathini ovulekile

Uma uhlakulela ummbila, udinga ukulandela uhlelo lokutshala, ngoba:

1. Amasiko adalwe njenge-cross-pollinated, ngoba i-cobs egcwele kufanele itshalwe okungenani imigqa eminingana ekuhleleni okwenziwe kahle ukuvota impova.
2. Izitshalo ezincane zingase zihlupheke ngokuma phakathi kwemigqa;
3. Ukuhlwanyela okunengi kuzokuhlushwa ukungabi nokukhanyisa.

Uhlelo oluhle lokutshala ummbila:

1. Ukuze izithombo ziqinisekiswe, imbewu kufanele itshalwe izicucu ezingu 2-3 ngamanzi.
2. Ukuhlwanyela okujwayelekile - emigodini yembewu emibili ebangeni elingama-35 cm emigqeni engu-4 nebanga phakathi kwabo ngamasentimitha angu-25, kanye nesikhathi ngasinye emigqeni engu-4 - 65 cm.
3. Kungenzeka ukuthi usebenzise ukuhlwanyela isikhala esikhwameni ngebanga phakathi kwezitshalo 45 cm (per 1 m ² kufanele ubeke ama-9-12 specimens).

Yini ongayitshala eduze kommbila?

Ukuze uthole ama-cottages ehlobo, ukutshala ummbila endaweni evulekile kubalulekile, kanye nezinye izitshalo. Izakhamuzi kahle ngamakhukhamba, ubhontshisi, ithanga, ubhontshisi. Izimpande zesitshalo ziyi-1-1.5 m ejulile futhi amasimu awaphazamisi. Izici zokutshala ngokuhlanganyela kommbila:

1. Ukutshala ummbila ngamakhukhamba emhlabathini ovulekile kwenziwa ngokuvumelana nalesi sigaba - ama-cobs esizayo atshalwa kude no-60 cm, futhi phakathi kwawo ukhukhamba atshalwa. Izitshalo zesiko zilula ukubopha. Ngakho izitshalo zihlanganyela, ungaphazamisani - ungaba izinsimbi eziwusizo futhi ungazifihla.
2. Ama-liana amaningi amakhulu angakwazi ukulimaza ummbila, ngakho-ke ngokutshala okuhlangene kubalulekile ukugcina isiqondiso sokukhula kweziqu zawo. Faka ummbila kangcono nxazonke zemibhede yamathanga ngebanga lama-50 cm.
3. Ubhontshisi kanye nobhontshisi (i-soy, i-peas) ingahlwanyiswa phakathi kwemigqa ye-corn, kepha ngokuya kokunciphisa okudingekayo, ngakho-ke emgodini owodwa kuhlala uhlobo olulodwa lwezinhlobo. Kuqaphele ukuthi ngokunciphisa okunjalo okuhlangene ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo kuncishisiwe.