I-Thyrotoxicosis yi-hyperthyroidism - isimo lapho umsebenzi we -roid uphazanyiswa khona ngokuvumelana nokusebenza kwawo okusebenzayo kwe-thyroxine hormone T_4 ne-triiodothyronine T_3. Ekudalweni kwama-hormone akubandakanyi nje igulane le-thyroid, kodwa futhi i-pituitary gland, i-hormone yayo - i-TSH.
Izimpawu ze-thyrotoxicosis zingahluka kuye ngokuthi izinga lama-hormone lidlula kangakanani. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi kubangele i-thyrotoxicosis:
- I-goiter ye-neodular - nalesi sifo kwi-gland ye-gland eyakhiwe ama-node okungenzeka abe yizinga eliphansi noma elibi; ziphathwa ngokuthatha indawo yokwelapha ngokusetshenziswa kwamahomoni okwenziwa, futhi ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu ngendlela yokwelashwa noma ukwelashwa okumsakazo; ama-nodal formation avela ngenxa yomsebenzi omkhulu wegland, ngakho-ke okokuqala kukhona hyperthyroidism, futhi ngemva kokwelashwa - ukucindezelwa komsebenzi wayo, i-hypothyroidism ivame ukuboniswa.
- Ukusabalalisa i-goiter enobuhlungu yilapho okuthiwa isifo se-Basedova, esinomvelo wokuzimela; Ku-thyrotoxicosis ngokuzenzakalelayo, ama-hormone e-thyroid ayedlulele ngokweqile, ngenxa yemali yawo enkulu, enobuthi emzimbeni futhi abangele i-thyrotoxicosis; lesi sifo esizimele singase siqhubekele ngokuqhubekayo, kodwa siqala, njengombuso, cishe, nge-thyrotoxicosis.
- I-subacute thyroiditis ukuvuvukala kwegciwane le-thyroid, elingaba ne-etiology ye-viral.
- Ukudlulela ngokweqile kwe-hormone therapy - ukudliwa ngokweqile kwamahomoni emzimbeni kungashukunyiswa umsebenzi wegciwane le-thyroid elingenalutho, kodwa ngokudla ngokweqile kwezidakamizwa ezine-hormone.
Izimpawu nama-indices ama-hormone nge-thyrotoxicosis ye-gland yegciwane
Odokotela bahlukanisa izinhlobo ezimbili ze-thyrotoxicosis kuye ngokuthi imingcele ye-hormone:
- i-thyrotoxicosis ibonakala kalula, yilokho okuthiwa "okusobala" i-thyrotoxicosis - ngezinga le-TSH liyancipha, futhi ama-hormone T_4 no-T_3 akhuliswa; Ukuphakama kungaba enye yamahomoni;
- i-thyrotoxicosis engaphansi kwe-subclinical - ngezinga le-TSH liyancipha, futhi i-T_4 ne-T_3 zijwayelekile noma ziyancipha.
Ukuncipha kwe-hormone ye-pituitary gland kubangelwa ukuthi lo mzimba ulawula ukusebenza kwegciwane le-thyroid, kuhlanganise, ngosizo lwe-TSH. Futhi uma i-pituitary gland ithola ulwazi lokuthi igciwane le-thyroid liyasebenza kakhulu, linciphisa ukugeleza kwe-TSH egazini. Uma kukhona i- hypothyroidism , i-pituitary gland ngokuphambene nalokho, ngosizo lwe-TSH enkulu, inikela ekusebenzeni kwayo. Ngakho-ke, ngokwema-hormone amathathu, inkambo ye-thyrotoxicosis inqunywa futhi ngokuvamile isifo se-thyroid sihlolwe.
Uma kuziwa nge-autoimmune thyroiditis, idatha yalezi amahomoni amathathu idinga amanye amabili - AT-TPO ne-AT-TG. Lokhu kuhlolwa kwama-autoantibodies antithyroid: AT-TPO - antibodies kuya thyreperoxidase, AT-TG - antibodies kuya thyroglobulin. Nge-autoimmune thyroiditis, ezimweni eziningi ukwanda kwalezi zimpawu kutholakala. Ama-indices indices help kusiqinisekisa isimo autoimmune we umsebenzi we-thyroid engasebenzi. Nge-thyrotoxicosis, lezi zinkomba kufanele zithathwe ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze ziqonde ukuthi yini imbangela yangempela yokwephulwa kwe-SCH ukusebenza.
Izimpawu ze-thyrotoxicosis
Izimpawu ze-thyrotoxicosis zingafani nokukhula nokwehlisa izinga lama-hormone, kodwa futhi kuye ngokuthi yiyiphi imbangela yalesi sifo.
Isibonelo, ngesifo se-Basedova, izimpawu zamehlo ku-thyrotoxicosis zisho kakhulu ezigabeni zokugcina: umfundi akafihli ngemuva kwamajwabu amehlo esimweni esivamile futhi kukhona umphumela we-pop-eyed.
Nge-goiter ene-toxic ne-thyrotoxicosis, kukhona futhi i-goiter ephawulekayo-ukwanda kwegciwane le-thyroid, elingase lizizwe njengephunga emqaleni emaceleni okuqala, futhi liphinde libonakale iso eliphakeme njengezinga eliphezulu.
I-Thyrotoxicosis kwabesifazane ibonakala ngezimpawu zokuhamba esikhathini - kukhona ukwephulwa, futhi kungase kube nezinkinga ngokukhulelwa.
Ngenxa yokwanda kwesimiso sokugula kwesiguli isiguli sifuna njalo, kodwa asifumani amanoni - ngokuphambene nalokho, kunesisindo somzimba. Uma i-thyrotoxicosis yenzeka ekukhuleni, umzimba wenziwa ngezingxenye ze-infantilism.
Ngokuvamile, ngenxa yenqubo ye-metabolic esheshayo, i-hyperthyroidism ezigulini ezine-hyperthyroidism inokubukeka kwentsha, kodwa lezi zimpawu ezibonakala zithandekayo zinenani elikhulu: okokuqala, akunakwenzeka ukusizakala ngokwengqondo ngenxa yokweqa ngokweqile nokukhathala okusheshayo ; okwesibili, ukungezwani kwangaphakathi kwangaphakathi kwenza umuntu angajabuli futhi angakwazi ukusebenza ngendlela evamile, okwesithathu, usongo lokucindezela ukukhubazeka, nokuhlaselwa ngezikhathi ezithile - ukuzwela okubukhali, i-palpitation eqinile, isizungu, i-nausea futhi ngezinye izikhathi - ukulahlekelwa yocwaningo kubangela ukuthi umuntu uphoqeleka ukuba abuze mayelana nokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha.
Isici sesici se-thyrotoxicosis siyintuthuko, ukujuluka ngokweqile , umuzwa wokushisa, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo nokuhlala ekamelweni elikhuni kunzima. Ebusika, iziguli zingagqoka kalula, futhi zivule amafasitela egumbini.
Ngenxa yomsebenzi okhulayo wenhliziyo, iziguli ezine-thyrotoxicosis zivame ukubhekwa emnyangweni wezinhliziyo, futhi uma ochwepheshe bengayazi ngezinkinga ezingase zibe khona ze-endocrine futhi baphathe inhliziyo noma isimiso sezinzwa, akuholeli emiphumeleni elindelekile.
Izinguquko ze-hormones azibonakali nje ngokomzimba, kepha futhi nasesimo sengqondo - isiguli sithukuthele, siphuthuma, sikhala futhi sixhumana ngokujwayelekile njengoba ukuthuthukiswa kwe-thyrotoxicosis kungenakubekezelelwa. Lokhu akulona uphawu lomuntu omubi - emva kokuthola isinxephezelo samahomoni, ubuntu bakhe buzophinde bube bufanayo.