I-mononucleosis ephathekayo iyisifo esiyingozi segciwane. Izimpawu zayo eziyinhloko zizwa umuzwa wokukhathala, umkhuhlane, ukwanda kwama-lymph nodes, i-spleen nesibindi. I-Mononucleosis ingaphathwa kalula. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo, kungaholela ezinkingeni ze-neurologic ngisho nokuhlukana kwengubo.
Izimbangela ze-mononucleosis ezithathelwanayo
Isizathu, esiholela ekuthuthukiseni lesi sifo, yi-Epstein-Barr virus. Kungokwemvelo ye-herpes virus. Kungatheleleka ngokuxhumana, kokubili ngeziguli kanye nabantu abanempilo abaphethe igciwane. Kudluliselwa esondelene naye, kisses, ngokusebenzisa izitsha. I-mononucleosis ephathekayo enezibonakaliso zayo ezingabonakalisa nganoma isiphi isikhathi, zanda ngesikhathi sokubandayo.
I-mononucleosis ephathekayo kubantu abadala - izimpawu
Ngezigaba ezahlukene zesifo kunezimpawu ezehlukene. I-mononucleosis igxila esikhathini sokutshala okufakelwayo (izinsuku eziyisihlanu kuya kwezingamashumi amane nanhlanu) ngaphandle kwempawu. Kodwa njengoba lesi sifo siqala, izimpawu ezilandelayo zokutheleleka zingabonakala kumuntu:
- ukwanda kokushisa komzimba (kuze kube yizi-38 degrees);
- ubuthakathaka bomzimba, ukukhathala;
- ukwandisa ngobukhulu bamathoni, ukungqubuzana komzimba.
Ngokuthuthukiswa okusheshayo kokutheleleka kubantu, izinga lokushisa likhuphuka ngokujulile kuya ezingeni elibucayi, lizamazama, likhukhumezekile, kuba nzima ukugwinya, ikhanda liqala ukulimala.
Izibonakaliso ze-mononucleosis ezithathelwanayo ekuphakameni kwesifo
Ngosuku lwesithupha ukutheleleka kufikela phezulu. Kulesi sikhathi kunezibonakaliso ezinjalo:
- i-lymph nodes ekhulisiwe;
- i- tonsillitis ejulile, izilonda zomphimbo omuncu nomphunga;
- ukwandisa ngobukhulu besipere nesibindi;
- imfiva ephelezelwa umkhuhlane, ama-aches omzimba, ama-chills;
- umthunzi ophuzi kalula we-plaque kumathoni.
Uphawu oluyinhloko lokunquma i-mononucleosis yikwanda kwama-lymph nodes . I-Lymphadenopathy ibonakala kuzo zonke izindawo udokotela akwazi ukuyihlola. Isifo esivame kakhulu sithinta ama-lymph nodes alandelayo:
- i-submaxillary;
- i-occipital;
- i-auricle.
Ngokuvamile kungase kube nokushona kwe-mononucleosis esithathelwanayo, engabangeli ukukhathazeka, akuhambisani nokushaya. Uhamba ngaphandle kokusebenzisa izidakamizwa.
Uma uzizwa i-lymph nodes zibonakala zihlanganisiwe, zizungeze izicubu ezinama-sweaty. Nge-mononucleosis, ubukhulu bama-lymph nodes bungakhuphuka bube bukhulu beplamu. Lapho ucindezelekile, isiguli asizwa izinzwa ezibuhlungu.
Izimpawu ezivamile kunazo zonke ze-mononucleosis zihlanganisa ukwanda kwesibindi nesitebe. Ngokuvamile isiguli sinesifo se-jaundice, esiboniswa yizibonakaliso ezinjalo:
- ukuwohloka kwesifiso sokudla, isicanucanu;
- ukumnyama komchamo;
- isikhumba sibe siphuzi;
- lapho ukuhlolwa kwegazi kubonisa ukwanda kwe-bilirubin.
Ukuphindaphinda kwe-mononucleosis esithathelwanayo kwenzeka kuphela kuma-10 amaphesenti amacala. Cishe amasonto amabili kamuva, isikhathi sokuvuselela, ukubuyisana, siyeza. Ukushisa kuncipha, ikhanda linyamalalala, isibindi nesipelingi ubukhulu buyela emuva evamile, kamuva ama-lymph nodes ancipha. Isifo singahlala unyaka nonyaka.
I-infectous mononucleosis - ukuxilongwa
Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kuphela emva kokutadisha ukwakhiwa kwegazi. Lapho kutholakala i-mononucleosis, i-leukocytosis elinganisiwe ibonakala, lapho okuqukethwe kwe-monocytes ne-lymphocytes kuqukethe khona.
Lapho uhlaziya igazi, ungathola i-mononuclear engama-atypical - amaseli ane-cytoplasm enkulu. Ukuze uhlolisise i-mononucleosis ephathekayo, kwanele ukwandisa amangqamuzana afinyelela ku-10%, kwenzeka ukuthi inani labo lifinyelela kuma-80%. Esikhathini sesiteji sokubuyisana, ukubunjwa kwegazi kubuyela esimweni esijwayelekile, noma kunjalo, i-mononuclear e-atypical ingasala.
Izivivinyo zenkolo zikhomba ukuba khona kwama-antibodies kuma-antigens e-VCA wegciwane le-Epstein-Barr. Ngisho nasesikhungweni sokuqhutshulwa komzimba, kungenzeka ukuthola i-serum immunoglobulins M, okuyinto ekuphakameni kwesifo ekhona kuzo zonke iziguli, futhi ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbili ukululama.