Phakathi kwezidakamizwa ezizwayo futhi ezibangela ukukhathazeka, enye yezindawo zokuqala i-meldonia, isenzo emzimbeni ongathandeki kuphela odokotela neziguli kuphela, kodwa futhi nabagijimi, abantu bezempi nabantu abavamile abangenayo izinkinga zempilo ezikhethekile. Kuthi ukuthatha imeldonium, yimiphi imiphumela ezayo emva kokumukelwa kwayo, sizocubungula phambili.
Meldonius - uyini le mithi?
I-compound meldonium (i-Mildronate - igama lebhizinisi lomuthi) lakhiwa eminyakeni engamashumi ayisikhombisa ekhulwini lokugcina yososayensi waseLatvia uKalvinshem futhi kwasekuqaleni isetshenziselwa ezolimo ukukhuthaza ukukhula kwezilwane, izinkukhu kanye nezitshalo. Into efana ne-analogue yesakhiwo se-gamma-butyrobetaine, isandulela se-carnitine, into eyenziwa emzimbeni yemisebenzi ebalulekile. Enye yemisebenzi ye-carnitine ihlotshaniswa nezinqubo zemithi futhi iqukethe ukuhambisa ama-acids ama-cell muscle, lapho amafutha aguqulwa khona amandla.
Kusukela ngo-1984, i-meldoonia, isenzo somzimba okuye safundiswa kuze kube yilolu suku, saqala ukusetshenziswa ngokusemthethweni kwezokwelapha. Ngonyaka ka-2012, wafakwa ohlwini lwezidakamizwa ezibalulekile eRussia, futhi ngo-2015 i-World Anti-Doping Agency yavinjelwa lesi sidakamizwa ukuba sisebenzise emidlalweni yezemidlalo (abacwaningi bangaphandle baqaphele ukuthi i-meldonium idling). Namuhla umuthi uyatholakala kuma-pharmacy ngezinhlobo ezintathu: ama-capsules, isiraphu kanye nesisombululo sejoza.
Meldonium - isimiso sesenzo
Sizobona ukuthi i-muldonium yenzani emathisini omzimba. Njengoba le nhlanganisela, ukufana ne-gamma-butyrobetaine yemvelo, ingaholela ekunciphiseni kwe-carnitine, lokhu kuhlanganisa ukunciphisa inqubo yokudlulisela amafutha kumaseli omzimba. Lo mphumela kubaluleke kakhulu ngesikhathi sokuntuleka kwe-oksijeni okuhlangenwe nakho kwemisipha yenhliziyo, ngoba ngokudla okujwayelekile kwamafutha amaningi kanye nokwehla okwenziwe oksijini okwamanje, ukukhipha okweqile kwamafutha acids kwenzeka ngokuqoqwa kwezigaba eziyingozi ngenhliziyo.
Ngokuhambisana nokunciphisa umzimba we-fatty acids ngaphansi kwethonya le-meldonia ukwanda kwezinga lokungcolisa kwamakhemikhali, okudinga ukusetshenziswa okuncane kwe-oxygen. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukwakheka okunamandla kwe-ATP (umthombo wamandla), ukubuyisela ibhalansi phakathi kwesidingo samangqamuzana e-oksijini kanye nokulethwa kwayo kwangempela negazi, kuqeda ukuqoqwa kwamakhemikhali anobuthi kumaseli.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kanye nalezi zinqubo, ukunyuka kokuqukethwe kwe-gamma-butyrobetaine, enezindawo ze-vasodilating, kubonakala. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ekuphumuzeni umsizi obushelelekile wemithanjeni yegazi, ukwandisa isibani semithambo yegazi, ukuthuthukisa ukujikeleza kwegazi, okuqondiswa kakhulu ezindaweni eziyingqayizivele.
Ake sibhale yonke imiphumela eyinhloko etholakalayo ngokuthola imeldonia:
- i-myocardioprotective;
- i-antihypoxic;
- i-angioprotective;
- i-anti-anginal;
- ukuthuthukiswa kwegazi;
- umphumela we tonic;
- ukukhuthazela okukhulu, amandla okusebenza;
- ukubuyiswa kwesitoreji samandla ngesikhathi esifushane;
- ukunciphisa ubunzima bezimpawu zengqondo engokwengqondo nengokwenyama;
- ukujwayela ukuzivikela komzimba;
- ukuqeda ukuphuza utshwala.
Iyini ukusetshenziswa kwe-meldonium?
Njengoba kunikezwe umphumela emzimbeni meldonium, kunconywa ukuyisebenzisa ngezimo ezihlukahlukene ezihlobene nokuntuleka kwe-oxygen nokucindezeleka okwandayo. Ngokuvamile, ngezinhloso zezokwelapha, lesi sidakamizwa akusona isidakamizwa esiyinhloko futhi asisetshenziswanga ngokwehlukana, kodwa sinqunywe njengengxenye yomuthi ophelele. Ubufakazi beMeldonia kwezokwelapha kunalokhu okulandelayo:
- ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo engapheli;
- ischemic isifo senhliziyo;
- i-infarction ye-myocardial;
- angina pectoris;
- i-myocardial dystrophy;
- ukuphazanyiswa kokusebenza kwenqubo ye-cardiovascular of nature function in adolescence;
- i-dystonia ye-neurocirculatory in intsha;
- ukushaywa kobuchopho;
- ukungakwazi ukusebenza kwe-cerebrovascular;
- izifo zamehlo ezihambisana nokujikeleza kwegazi okukhubazekile ku-retina yeso;
- ukugaya emgodleni weso;
- i-thrombosis ye-vein central noma amagatsha we-retina iso;
- i-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela noma umsuka ophezulu we-hypertensive;
- ukuzithiba utshwala;
- ukukhubazeka kwesimiso sokuphefumula, kuhambisane nokuntuleka kwe-oxygen (i-bronchitis engapheli, isifo sokuphefumula kwesifo sofuba);
- ukwehla ukusebenza komqondo noma ngokomzimba wemvelaphi ehlukile;
- Isikhathi sokuthutha ngemuva kokungenelela okuhlukahlukene kokuhlinzeka.
Meldonium - isicelo
Sebenzisa i-meldonium kumathebulethi, isiraphu noma ifomu lokujola (ngaphakathi, ngokufaka emaceleni noma nge-parabulbar - isingeniso ngesikhumba sejwabu leso elingaphansi). Izilinganiso, ukuphindaphindiwe kanye nobude besikhathi sokwamukelwa kunqunywe ngabanye, kuye ngokuthi ukuxilongwa nokuqina kwesimo sesiguli. Kuyafaneleka ukuqonda ukuthi lesi sidakamizwa asikwazi ukuthathwa ngaphandle kwenhloso yezokwelapha, ngoba ukuphazamiseka okufakelwayo ekusebenzeni okuvamile kwenhliziyo, ukwephulwa komzimba okusetshenziselwa imvelo kungaba nemiphumela emibi.
Meldonium for abadlali
Ukwazi ukuthi yini i-muldonia engaba nayo emzimbeni, kuyacaca ukuthi kungani abagijimi bayisebenzisa. Ithuluzi lisetshenziselwa yonke imisebenzi yemidlalo: i-athletics, i-tennis, i-biathlon, i-wrestling, i-bodybuilding, ibhukuda nabanye. I-mildronate ezemidlalo isetshenziselwa ukufeza imiphumela elandelayo:
- ukuvimbela ukuqoqwa kwamaseli emikhiqizo eyingozi yama-fat acid acidiwe;
- ukugcinwa kwamandla kagesi emangqamuzaneni emzimbeni nokuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kwawo;
- ukwandisa ukuthengiswa kwe-myocardial;
- ukuthuthukiswa kwemisipha;
- ukwandisa ukuqina nokusebenza koqeqesho;
- ukunciphisa ukukhathala;
- ngcono ukubuyiswa komzimba emva kokuzivocavoca.
Isilinganiso samalanga nsuku zonke somuthi wabagijimi sinama-15-20 mg ngekhilogram yesisindo kufomu le-capsule. Kunconywa ukuthi usebenzise imithi imizuzu engama-30-40 ngaphambi kokuqala komsebenzi omkhulu. Inkambo yokwamukela isukela kwenye kuya kulezi zinyanga, emva kwalokho kufanele wenze isikhala okungenani inyanga eyodwa. Ngaphambi komncintiswano meldonium wamukelwa kungakapheli amasonto amabili, futhi ngesikhathi somncintiswano - kungakapheli izinsuku ezingu-14. Okwamanje, lesi sidakamizwa sivinjelwe emidlalweni emikhulu, futhi abahlanganyeli, igazi labo okutholakala kulo, litholakale.
Meldonias in Diabetes
Muva nje, i-mildonia isetshenziselwe uhlobo lwe-2 kanye nohlobo lwesifo sikashukela soluhlobo 1, ngokususelwa kwizifundo ezibonisa ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi into ekhona ukuze kunciphise ukuhlunga kwegazi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuhlushwa kwe-insulini akwenyuka. Ngokuvamile nalesi sifo, lesi sidakamizwa sinqunywe ngokusetshenziswa kwesinye isikhathi se-metformin (i-agent ekwehlisa ushukela ekilasini le-biguanide). Ukwelashwa okunjalo, ngaphezu kokunciphisa ushukela wegazi, kunikeza imiphumela elandelayo:
- ukuvimbela ukuphela kokungasebenzi nokulahlekelwa ubuzwe ebuhlungu;
- ukwesekwa kwenhliziyo yesisu, ukubuyiswa kwezinqubo ze-metabolic kuyo;
- ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo sikashukela, i-neuropathy nokukhuluphala;
- ukuvimbela izilonda ze-retinal.
Meldonias nge-arrhythmia yenhliziyo
Uma imisipha yenhliziyo isebenza ngokungalungile, isigqi senhliziyo evamile siphukile - i-arrhythmia. Kulesi simo, ochwepheshe bangancoma i-meldonium, isicelo semithi esibonisa imiphumela emihle. Lapho usebenzisa lesi sidakamizwa ukwelashwa okuyinkimbinkimbi, kungenzeka ukufeza ukuzinza okuqinile kwesigqi sezinhliziyo. Ngenxa yokuthatha izidakamizwa ezigulini, ingozi yokuthuthukisa i- angina pectoris , i- infarction ye-myocardial inciphise.
Meldonium kusuka ekucindezelekeni
I-Meldonium, okusebenza ngayo emzimbeni kubonakala ngokwengeziwe ngokusebenza kwenqubo ye-cardiovascular, kuyoba usizo ezigulini ezinegazi eliphezulu. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi lesi sidakamizwa, kanye nemiphumela eyinhloko yokwelashwa (okuphakathi kwawo okuwumphumela obalulekile we-vasodilating wokunciphisa ukucindezela), kusiza ukunciphisa izinga eliphakeme le- cholesterol egazini - imbangela evamile yomshuwalense. Kulokhu, iziguli zinganconywa ukuthi zisebenzise i-meldonium intramuscularly.
I-Meldonium enobudlova
I-meldonia esebenzayo esuka emangcwabeni, ukubonakaliswa kwezimpawu zokuhoxiswa ezigulini ezinokudakwa ngokweqile. Isidakamizwa asigcini nje ngokuthuthukisa inhlalakahle, kodwa futhi kuvimbela ukuqala kwemiphumela emibi ehambisana nemiphumela yotshwala enhliziyweni nasebuchosheni. Isilinganiso esilinganiselwe esisodwa kulesi simo ngu-500 mg, esithatha izikhathi ezingu-3-4 ngosuku ngezinsuku ezingu-7-10. Izifundo zokwelapha zenziwa ngezikhathi ezinyangeni ezingu-1-2 okungenani.
Meldoniy kusuka ekukhathala
Kwezinye izimo, imithi meldoniy ekhethwe ukukhathala okungapheli ehambisana nokucindezeleka kwengqondo nengqondo, futhi lapho umzimba udiniwe ngenxa yesifo eside. Isidakamizwa, esinomphumela omuhle kakhulu, sisiza umzimba ukuba ubhekane nokucindezeleka ngaphandle kokulimaza ohlelweni lwe-cardiovascular, kunalokho luyakulawule, lulahle ubuthakathaka nokulala.
Imiphumela ye-Meldonium
Ake sibhale ukuthi yimiphi imiphumela emibi i-meldoniy ekwazi ukukhubaza:
- ukukhathazeka, ukuphazamiseka kokulala;
- ikhanda;
- isiyezi;
- umsindo ezindlebeni;
- ukuthuthumela;
- ukwehlisa ubuzwe;
- umqondo wokwesaba;
- ushintsho e-blood pressure;
- i-tachycardia;
- ukunganaki enhliziyweni;
- i-pallor noma i-hyperemia;
- i-dyspepsia;
- ukukhwehlela;
- ukunambitheka kwensimbi emlonyeni;
- umlomo owomile;
- ubuhlungu besisu;
- isifo sohudo;
- imisipha ye-muscle;
- ukuvuvukala;
- ukusabela okweqile (ukuxubha, ukuhlaziya, i-edema ka-Quincke) nabanye.
Ingabe i-mulberry ibhekwa nayo?
Kutholakale ukuthi i-meldonium ne-Mildronate, esebenzisa isikhathi eside, bayalutha kwabanye abantu. Ikonakala ngokuphawulekayo umphumela omubi wabagijimi abathi, ngemva kokuyeka ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa, baqala ukubhekana nezinkinga ezingokomqondo - umuzwa wokungazilungiseleli ukuqeqeshwa noma ukuncintisana, ukukhathala ngokushesha, ubuthakathaka.
I-Meldonium - ukungqinelani kokusetshenziswa
Ukwelashwa kwemithi yokwelashwa meldonium kokuqokwa kunalokhu okulandelayo:
- ukuzwela komuntu ngamunye ezingxenyeni zomuthi;
- ukunyuka kwengcindezi yokunyuka;
- ukuqhwaba noma ukungenwa kahle kwegazi, okunzima;
- ukukhulelwa, isikhathi sokuncelisa.
Meldonium - izifaniso zokulungiselela
Uma kungenakwenzeka ukuthatha izidakamizwa eziqukethe i-meldonium, ama-analogues abonisa umphumela ofanayo wezokwelapha angasetshenziswa ngokuvumelana nodokotela. Imithi enjalo ihlanganisa:
- Dibikor;
- I-Vero-Riboxin;
- I-Berlition;
- I-Coenzyme Q10;
- Lipamid;
- I-Riboxin .