I-ICSI ne-ECO - ngumuphi umehluko?

Ngokusho kwedatha ehlinzekwa izikhungo zomhlaba zokuhlela umndeni nokukhiqiza, cishe 20% yazo yonke imindeni eyenziwe namuhla ibhekene nenkinga yokukhulelwa. Ngemuva kokuhlolisiswa kahle kwabashadile, odokotela bakhetha amaqhinga ezinyathelo zokwelapha. Ngokuvamile, ikhambi kuphela le nkinga ukukhulelwa ngokweqile noma i-ICSI (injection ye-intracytoplasmic). Ake sicabangele ngamunye wabo ngokuningiliziwe futhi sikutshele ukuthi yini ngempela ehlukanisa i-ECO ne-ICSI.

Kuyini i-IVF?

Mhlawumbe, wonke owesifazane owake wezwa isifinyezo esinjalo. Kuyinto evamile ukukhetha lolu hlobo lwenqubo yokuzala, lapho ukukhulelwa kweqanda elikhethiwe ne-sperm kwenzeka khona ngaphandle komzimba womama, nase-laboratory.

Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokuba i-IVF, odokotela banikeze uhlobo lwe-hormone therapy owesifazane, ukuze kwandiswe inani lamagciwane wegciwane ngesikhathi esifanayo ukukhula esikhathini sokuya esikhathini. Ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kwamaqanda, amaqanda amaningana aqoqwa ngesikhathi esisodwa, abuye ahlolwe ngaphansi kwe-microscope. Ukuze inqubo ye-IVF iphumelele, amangqamuzana angama-3-4 ehlotshaniswa ngomzimba angeniswa emgodini wesibeletho ngesikhathi esifanayo.

Iyini i-ICSI?

Umjovo we-Intracytoplasmic usebenza kakhulu, kodwa ukusebenza nokuqinisekiswa komphumela kuphezulu kakhulu. Okubaluleke kakhulu ukuxhaphazwa kuwukuthi ngaphambi kokukhulelwa kwe-ovum odokotela, esikhathini sokuhlolwa okude "isidingo" sesidakamizwa sikhethiwe. Lokhu kuhlolisisa i-morphology yekhanda, umzimba, kanye nokuxhumana kwalezi zingxenye ubude obuphelele nobujamo beseli. Okungabaluleki okuncane yizinga lokusebenza kwesidoda. Iseli lesilisa lesilisa elikhethiwe ngale ndlela lisetshenziselwa ukukhulelwa kwesimo sezinsikazi.

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi lolu hlobo lwenqubo lisetshenziselwa lezo zimo lapho ukukhulelwa kungenakwenzeka ngenxa yezinga eliphansi le-spermatozoa. Lokhu kubonakala ezifweni ezinjengalezi:

• asthenoteratozoospermia (ukwehla kwenani le-spermatozoa enempilo ejaculate kanye nokwehla ekuhambeni kwabo);
• i-oligozoospermia (ukunciphisa ekuhlungeni kwama-germ cells emvuleni);
• ukunqotshwa kwamathambo;
• okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwama-antisperm antibodies.

Iyiphi indlela engcono?

Ngemva kokuqonda ukuthi umehluko ophakathi kwe-ICSI ne-IVF, sizozama ukuthola ukuthi yiziphi izinqubo ezimbili zokucubungula ezibhekwayo ezingcono.

Ngenxa yokuthi umjovo we-intracytoplasmic wenziwa kuphela yi-sperm, ehambisana nemigomo yemvelo, amathuba okukhulelwa emva kwenqubo enjalo iphezulu kakhulu. Nokho, lokhu akusho ukuthi isetshenziselwa ukukhulelwa kweqanda elivuthiwe kuphela. Njengoba sekushiwo kakade, I-ICSI ibhekisela ezindleleni ezikhethekile zokukhiqiza futhi isetshenziselwa kuphela lapho isizathu sokuntuleka kokukhulelwa kungabonakali kwamangqamuzana omzimba wesilisa avamile.

Ekhuluma ngomehluko phakathi kwe-IVF ne-ICSI, kudingekile ukuphawula ukuthi indlela yokuqala yokusebenzisa imithi yokwelapha inenkimbinkimbi encane yokwenza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukulungiselela it kudinga isikhathi esingaphansi futhi izindleko impahla. Mhlawumbe, yizici ezichaza ukusabalala okukhulu kwe-IVF uma kuqhathaniswa ne-ICSI.

Ngakho-ke, uma sikhuluma ngokuqondile ngokuthi umehluko phakathi kwe-IVF ne-ICSI, umehluko omkhulu yi-esiteji sokukhethwa nokulungiswa kwesidoda ngenjola ye-intracytoplasmic. Ngaphandle kwalokho, indlela yokukhulelwa kweqanda elivuthiwe, elithathwe owesifazane, lifanayo. Ukuzikhethela indlela yokwenza ukusabalalisa okufakelwayo kuhlale kunomhlengikazi wokuzala. Phela, yena kuphela uyazi ukuthi esimweni esithile kungcono futhi kuphumelele kakhulu: i-ICSI noma i- IVF.