Ukunqunywa kwe-ESR kwezokwelapha emhlabeni wonke kuyimfuneko yokuhlolwa kwegazi le-laboratory. Lesi sibonakaliso sibalulekile ekutholeni izifo eziningi, ukuhlola ubunzima bezinkambo zabo kanye nokuphumelela kokwelashwa okunqunyiwe. Ngoba kunesimiso esihlukile se-ESR kubantu besifazane ngobudala, itafula lezinkomba eziphakathi kuzosiza ekuboneni ukwehluka.
Kuyini i-ESR?
Isilinganiso se-erythrocyte sedimentation (ESR), futhi ngezinye izikhathi esibizwa ngokuthi isenzo se-erythrocyte sedimentation (ESR), sibonisa isilinganiso sezingxenye zamaprotheni e-plasma. Ama-erythrocytes amangqamuzana egazi abomvu athatha i-oxygen emzimbeni. Ziyizinto ezimbi kunazo zonke ze-plasma, futhi ngaphansi kwethonya lamandla adonsela phansi kwisampula segazi ekhethiwe ezibekwe ku-tube test, i-erythrocytes ngendlela yenxenye encane yombala obomvu ehlala phansi, ngezansi. Izinga lapho lezi zinhlayiya zegazi zixazulula ngokuyinhloko zixhomeke ezingeni le-aggregation, i-E. ikhono lokunamathela ndawonye.
Lesi sibonakaliso somzimba sivame ukuhlolwa ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwegazi jikelele. Kuye ngokuthi indlela esetshenziswa ngayo, isampula yegazi ingakhethwa:
- kusuka ku-vein - ngendlela yeVestergrena;
- kusuka ngomunwe - lapho wenza ukuhlaziywa ngendlela yePanchenkov.
Ukuthola umphumela onokwethenjelwa kakhulu, kuyadingeka ukunamathela emithethweni elandelayo:
- Ungadli amahora angu-6-12 ngaphambi kokuthatha igazi;
- ukuyeka ukudla okunamafutha, ukudla okunzima ukugaya nokuphuza utshwala ngosuku ngaphambi kokucwaninga;
- Ukukhipha ukwamukela imithi ngosuku ngaphambi kokuhlaziywa (uma kunesidingo sokubonisana nodokotela).
Isilinganiso se-sedimentation ye-erythrocyte ngokwe-Westergren
Ukunqunywa kwe-ESR nguWestergren kuyindlela eyaziwa emhlabeni jikelele emisebenzini yezokwelapha emhlabeni, ebonakala ngokuzwela okukhulu, ngokunemba kanye nesivinini sokusebenza. I-biomaterial ekhethiwe yokuhlaziywa ixubene ngengxenye ethize nge-substance ye-anticoagulant isenzo nge-citrate ye-sodium ku-tube ekhethekile enezinga eliqedile ngo-200 mm. Khona-ke isampula sishiywa ngokuqondile isikhathi esithile (ihora eli-1) lapho i-sedimentation ye-erythrocyte ibonakala khona. I-ESR inqunywa ngamamitha angu-1 ukukala ukuphakama kwesendlalelo segazi elingenhla ngaphandle kokucabangela i-sediment.
Isilinganiso se-erythrocyte sedimentation ngokusho kwe-Panchenkov
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Panchenkov indlela yokubala kwe-ESR egazini kubhekwa njengesikhashana, kodwa ngokwemvelo kuyaqhubeka kutholakala kuma laboratories amaningi ezweni lethu. Igazi elikhethiwe lixubene ne-anticoagulant citrate ye-sodium futhi lifakwe ku-capillary ekhethekile, iphothulwe ngezigaba ezingu-100. Ngemuva kwehora, isendlalelo se-plasma ephezulu ehlukanisiwe siyalinganiswa. Isilinganiso se-sedimentation ye-erythrocyte kuyoba umphumela nge-unit of measurement "mm".
Isilinganiso se-ESR egazini labesifazane
Kuthiwa ukuthi izinga le-ESR egazini liyahlukahluka kuye ngezici eziningana:
- ubulili bomuntu;
- iminyaka;
- ukutholakala kwezinkinga zempilo;
- izici ezithile zomzimba;
- izinguquko ze-hormonal, njll.
Ngokuvamile, uma izinga lokucwiliswa kwe-erythrocyte lihlaziywa, isimiso sabesifazane singaphezu kwezindinganiso ezijwayelekile ezibonakala emadodeni. Lolu hlu lubonakala kancane emini, amanani awo ahlukene aphawulwe esiswini esingenalutho nangemva kokudla. Emzimbeni wesifazane, izinga le-ESR lihluka kakhulu ngesimo sangemuva se-hormonal, ehlukahluka ngobudala kanye nezinqubo ezihlukahlukene zomzimba (ukuya esikhathini, ukukhulelwa, ukukhulelwa komuntu).
I-ESR - okujwayelekile kubantu besifazane abaneminyaka yobudala
Ukuthola isiqunto esiqondile sakwa-ESR kwabesifazane abanesimo sempilo evamile, kuhlolwa izibalo, ngesisekelo samanani ambalwa atholakala. I-ESR - evamile kulabo besifazane abaneminyaka yobudala, itafula libonisa izikhathi ezilandelayo zokuphila:
- intsha;
- ukuzala;
- isikhathi sokuya esikhathini.
Ubudala besifazane | Imingcele yesimiso se-ESR, mm / h |
kuze kube yiminyaka engu-13 | 4-12 |
13-18 ubudala | 3-18 |
18-30 ubudala | 2-15 |
Iminyaka engu-30-40 ubudala | 2-20 |
Iminyaka engu-40-60 ubudala | 0-26 |
emva kweminyaka engama-60 | 2-55 |
ESR ekukhulelwe
Esikhathini sokubeletha umntwana, isilinganiso se-sedimentation ye-erythrocyte sibonakaliso esibalulekile sokuhlolwa kwesilinganiso se-erythrocyte sedimentation, okuyinto evamile kuwo abesifazane abakhulelwe ngokwemibandela ehlukene mayelana nokushintsha ezingeni lamahomoni abathinta ukwakhiwa kwegazi kuyahluka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubuhlobo balo mbonakaliso kubesifazane abakhulelwe nomthethosisekelo womzimba wembula. Ngakho-ke, itafula elingezansi likhombisa ukuthi izinga lini le-ESR kwabesifazane akulona ngokweminyaka yobudala, kodwa kuye ngokuthi ubudala bomzimba nobuhlobo bomzimba:
Uhlobo lomzimba wesifazane okhulelwe | Isilinganiso se-ESR engxenyeni yokuqala yokukhulelwa, mm / h | Isilinganiso se-ESR engxenyeni yesibili yokukhulelwa, mm / h |
| ukuqedela | 18-48 | 30-70 |
mncane | 21-62 | 40-65 |
Isilinganiso se-erythrocyte sedimentation sanda - lokhu kusho ukuthini?
I-aggregation ye-erythrocytes ne-ESR ikhuphuka ngokunyuka kwama-protein wegazi, okwenza ukwanda kwalezi zinhlayiya. Ngokuvamile, lawa maprotheni ayimpawu zenqubo yokuvuvukala evela egazini: i-fibrinogen, i-immunoglobulin, i-peruloplasmin, njll Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukuhlaziywa kwe-ESR akucaci futhi akunakwenzeka ukusungula uhlobo nokwakhiwa kwenqubo yokuvuvukala emzimbeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-ESR ngenhla evamile iyabonakala ngezifo ezithile zokungabi nokuvuvukala.
I-ESR yanda - izizathu
Lapho uhumusha imiphumela lapho izinga le-erythrocyte lidlula, ezinye izibalo zegazi nezinye izinyathelo zokuxilonga ezithathwe ukuze kutholakale ukuxilongwa okunembile zicatshangelwa. Isilinganiso se-erythrocyte sedimentation ngu-Westergren sikhulu kunokwejwayelekile ezimweni ezilandelayo eziyinhloko:
- izifo ezithathelwanayo nezivuthayo ezinobungozi be-bacterial, viral, fungal (i-ARVI, i-pneumonia, isifo sofuba, i-sepsis, ukutheleleka kwamagciwane, njll);
- izifo ezizimele ( vasculitis , systemic lupus, scleroderma);
- izicubu ezimbi;
- ukwelashwa kwesibindi, i-bile ducts, ama-pancreas;
- izifo ze-endocrine (thyrotoxicosis, isifo sikashukela );
- ukuhlukumezeka, ukwehlukana, izimo emva kokuhlinzwa;
- i-infarction ye-myocardial ;
- ukudakwa ngezinto ezinobuthi;
- ukushisa;
- i-anemia nezinye izifo zegazi;
- isifo sohudo;
- ukuphuma kwegazi;
- ukusabela okweqile;
- ukuthatha imithi ethile, njll.
I-ESR yanda - yini okufanele yenze?
Njengoba ukwanda kwe-ESR akukhona kuzo zonke izimo ezibangelwa izimbangela zesifo, kubalulekile ukuthi kubuyekezwe konke okusemandleni okuphikisana nomzimba, kungabandakanyi amaphutha angaba khona ekuhlaziyweni. Lapho sifuna isifo esibangele imingcele evamile, kubalulekile ukunikeza inani lezifundo, ukubonisana kwabachwepheshe bezokwelapha emaphrofayli ahlukene. Ukwelashwa kunqunywa ngokuhambisana nesifo esitholiwe.