Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi inhlanzi iyimithombo yamanoni ewusizo ewusizo kanye ne-phosphorus. Kodwa ukusetshenziswa kwayo kugcwele ingozi ngaphansi kwegama le-diphyllobothriasis - izimpawu zesifo azikhulumi ngaso sonke isikhathi, kanti umsebenzi wezilwane eziqhubekayo ziqhubeka ngehora, okwenza umonakalo ongenakuqhathaniswa ohlelweni lokugaya, ikakhulukazi emathunjini.
I-agent causative ye-diphyllobothriasis
Lokhu kuhlasela kubangelwa imbungu, okuthiwa i-ribbon ebanzi - i-Diphyllobothrium latum. Umjikelezo wayo wokuphila kwenzeka ngokushintsha kwamabandla amathathu. Okokuqala amaqanda ama-parasite angena emanzini avela endaweni yangaphandle, lapho kuqhubekela phambili khona. Leli fomu lihlala kusuka ezinsukwini ezingu-1 kuya kwezingu-12, kuye ngokushisa kwamanzi. Ngemuva kokugwinya, i-host host yokuqala (ephakathi), i-crustacean ye-oda yama-copepods, i-parasite iqala esiteji esilandelayo se-procercoid. Ngesikhathi sekukhona lesi sibungu sifinyelela ezingxenyeni ze-crustacean kanye nesigxobo somzimba wayo. I-crayfish, futhi, iyinhlanzi yezinhlanzi ezithile zokudla (pike, burbot, perch, pike, zander nabanye). Emzimbeni wabo, i-causative agent ye-helminthic invasion iqhubekela esiteji sokugcina se-larval - i-plerocercoid. Ukuvuthwa kwe-specimen yezimpethu kufinyelelwe kakade emzimbeni wesithathu, umkhosi noma abantu.
Umuntu angangenwa kanjani ne-diphyllobothriasis?
Kunezindlela ezimbili zokutheleleka ngemvelo echazwe. Ngokuvamile, ukutheleleka kwenzeka ngomlomo, ngokusetshenziswa kwezinhlanzi eziluhlaza, ezingenakulungiswa ngethusi, kanye ne-caviar esanda kuhlanjululwa. Kungenzeka futhi ukuthelela ngemimese, izandla nezitsha, ezisetshenziselwa ukusika noma ukulungiselela izinhlanzi ezingcolile.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi izilwane ezifuywayo, ikakhulukazi izinja, zithinteka kakhulu kwi-diphyllobothriosis, futhi cishe ezingamakati. Kodwa umuntu akakwazi ukutheleleka kuwo, ngoba i-pathogen kufanele idlule kuzo zonke izigaba ezibonisiwe zokuthuthukiswa nezimphathi eziphakathi.
Ukuxilongwa kwe-diphyllobothriasis kubantu kanye nezibonakaliso zezifo
Indlela eyinhloko yokwenza uphenyo yikuhlaziywa kwamathambo okuba khona kwamaqanda abanzi abanjwe. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi zivela emasontweni ama-fecal 5-6 amasonto emva kokutheleleka okuqondile, ngakho-ke kungcono ukufeza ukuxilongwa kabili.
Futhi, nge-diphyllobothriasis, ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwenziwa. Lesi sifo senza lezi zinguquko ezilandelayo kumthombo wegazi:
- ukutholakala kwemizimba kaJolly kanye namasongo aseKeboat;
- ukwehla ekuhloleni kwama-erythrocyte, kanye ne-hemoglobin endaweni ejwayelekile yomdwebo wombala;
- ukuvela egazini lamaseli we-megaloblastic;
- ukwehla kwenani lamaplatelet nama-leukocytes.
Ngokuqondene nezibonakaliso zemitholampilo ze-pathology, aziveki ngokucacile. Njengomthetho, i-symptomatology ibuthakathaka noma ayikho, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokutshala (kusukela ezinsukwini ezingu-20 kuya kwezingu-60).
Ngokuqhubeka kwesifo, izimpawu ezilandelayo zingabonwa:
- umkhuhlane omncane;
- isicasuli;
- izinkinga zesitoreji;
- kushintshela ukudla (kwehla noma kwanda);
- ukuhlanza okungavamile;
- ubuhlungu esiswini ngaphandle kokusendaweni okucacile;
- ngezinye izikhathi - ukuvimbela emathunjini .
Uma kungabikho ukwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi, i-diphyllobothriosis iholela ekuntulekeni kwevithamini B12 emzimbeni, egcwele izimpawu ezinjalo:
- isiyezi;
- ukuvuvukala ebusweni nasemlenzeni;
- ubuthakathaka;
- i-anemia;
- ukukhathala;
- ukuphazamisa ngolimi kanye nokushaya kwe-papillae yakhe;
- isilinganiso senhliziyo esheshayo;
- isikhala sesikhumba;
- i-glossitis ;
- ubuhlungu kulesisindo ngesikhathi sokudla.
Futhi kuthinta isistimu yezinzwa:
- ukungaqiniseki kwemisebenzi;
- ukugwinya kwamalungu;
- ukukhathazeka kokuzwela;
- myelosis funicular;
- i-paresthesia (inzwa yokukhahla emzimbeni).