Hyperthyroidism - ukwelashwa

I-Hyperthyroidism iyinhlanganisela yezimpawu ezibonakaliswa ngenxa yokuphefumula kwe-thyroid futhi ibonakala ngemithi ephoqelekile.

Ukungasebenzi kahle kusho ukwenziwa ngokweqile, okweqile kwamahomoni wegciwane - i-triiodothyronine ne-thyroxine. Lawa mahomoni, okuthiwa i-thyroid, anesibopho sokukhula nokuthuthukiswa komzimba, ahlinzekele izinga elijwayelekile lomzimba nomqondo, umsebenzi wokugaya umzimba nokusheshisa imisebenzi yengqondo.

Izimbangela ze-hyperthyroidism

Isizathu esivamile kunazo zonke odokotela be-hyperthyroidism sisho isifo esisekelwe ku-Based's. Lesi sifo, esibizwa nangokuthi i-goiter enesifo esiyingozi, i-autoimmune futhi iholela ku-thyrotoxicosis noma ubuthi be-hormone ye-thyroid. Ngokuvamile, abesifazane abaneminyaka ephakathi nendawo abanesifo sofuzo bahlushwa yilolu sifo.

Okungavamile kakhulu njengesizathu, kukhona okuthiwa isifo se-Plummer noma i-goiter enobuhlungu obunama-nodular . Lesi sifo yisifo esibuhlungu futhi sibonakaliswa izimpawu zomtholampilo we-hyperthyroidism ye-thyroid, ukwelashwa esizoxoxa ngakho ngezansi. Izizathu ezihambayo yizi:

• ukwamukela okungalawulwa kwamahomoni wegciwane;
• izicubu ze-ovarian;
• izicubu ze-pituitary gland;
• ukudla ngokweqile kwe-iodine emzimbeni;
• ezinye izifo ezizimele.

Izimpawu ze-hyperthyroidism

Izimpawu zomtholampilo ze-hyperthyroidism zifana nezizathu ezehlukene, kodwa ziyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi ubuhlungu besifo, kanye nobude benkambo yabo:

1. Izifo ze-neurological:
   • ukukhuphuka okukhulu;
   • ukungalingani, ukushintsha njalo kwemizwelo;
   • ingqondo eyengeziwe yokwesaba;
   • ukulala;
   • ukwephula ukunakwa nokuhlushwa.
2. Ukuphazamiseka kwesimiso senhliziyo:
   • i-tachycardia (ukuhluleka kwengqondo yenhliziyo ngenani lezinhliziyo ezingaphezu kwezingu-90 ngomzuzu);
   • ukushayela okusheshayo;
   • izimpawu zokwehluleka kwenhliziyo (ukuphefumula, ukuvuvukala, isisindo se-cyanosis soxantathu lwama-nasolabial);
   • ukwephulwa kwengcindezi yegazi (okwandisa phezulu uma wehlisa phansi).
3. Ukuphazamiseka okuvela endleleni yokugaya ukudla:
   • ukusheshisa kwe-metabolism (kubonakala ngokulahlekelwa kwesisindo somzimba ngokudla okujwayelekile noma okwandayo);
   • ukuphazamiseka kokugaya (ukudonsa noma isifo sohudo);
   • ubuhlungu besisu esiswini;
   • ukuhlanza;
   • ukwanda, isisa sebindi.
4. Ukuphulwa kwemisebenzi yezocansi (ukungabi namandla kanye ne-gynecomastia emadodeni, ukuphazamiseka komjikelezo wesimiso kwabesifazane).
5. Izinkinga zametaboliki (ukujuluka ngokweqile, izinwele ezibuhlungu kanye nezincane, ukuwohloka kwesikhumba).
6. Ukuphazamiseka okuvela emehlweni (exophthalmos, sclera eyomile, ukuguguleka komzimba, ukukhala, ukuphikisa).

Ukwelashwa kwe-hyperthyroidism

Ngaphambi kokunquma indlela yokuphatha i-hyperthyroidism, udokotela ubeka izifundo ezithile. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukukala izinga lamahomoni wegciwane le-thyroid, i-ultrasound ne-CT, i-ECG futhi, uma kunesidingo, i-biopsy ye-thyroid gland nodes.

Endabeni yokwelashwa okunomsoco, amalungiselelo okwelapha antithyroid. Isenzo sabo sisekelwe ekuvinjeni ukuqoqwa kwe-iodine, ngaphandle kokukhiqizwa kwamakhomoni wegciwane okungenakwenzeka. Lokhu kuhlanganisa nokudla okhethekile nenani elifanele lama-protein, amafutha kanye nama-carbohydrate, inani elengeziwe lamavithamini nama-salcium usawoti. Imikhawulo ihlanganisa imikhiqizo eyenza umphumela oshukumisayo ohlelweni lwezinzwa zomphakathi.

Uma ukwelashwa okulindelekile kungenzi lutho, ukwelashwa nge-iodine esebenzayo noma ukukhishwa okuhlinzekwa kwengxenye ye-gland kungasetshenziswa, okuholela ekunciphiseni kwemfihlo yama-hormone. Imiphumela emibi ye-hyperthyroidism ihlanganisa ukungabi nabantwana (kokubili owesilisa nowesifazane) nenkinga ye-thyrotoxic, ebizwa ngokuthi i-coma hyperthyroid.