Induku yamaHemophilic ibhethri-immobile engenamigogu, engakaqale ichazwe yi-bacteriologist waseJalimane uRichard Pfeiffer ngo-1892. Ekuqaleni, wachaza ngokuthi i-agent causative of the flu, kodwa namuhla kuyaziwa ukuthi le bhalazi ibangela ukulimala ohlelweni lwezinzwa eziphakathi, izitho zokuphefumula futhi kukhuthaza ukwakheka kwe-foci ehlanzekile ezithombeni ezihlukahlukene. Abasengozini kakhulu yokutheleleka bangabantwana kanye nabantu abadala abanomkhuhlane obuthakathaka. Ibhethri ithinta abantu kuphela.
Ngesikhathi ngo-1933 ososayensi basungula ukuthi igciwane libangelwa amagciwane, hhayi amabhaktheriya, abuye ahlaziye isikhundla senduku ye-hemophilic njenge-agent causative ye-infection, bese kuthiwa yaziwa ngokuqinisekile ukuthi ingenye yebhaktheriya ebangela i-meningitis, i-pneumonia ne-epiglottitis.
I-Haemophilus influenzae - izimpawu
Umthombo wenduku ye-hemophilic umuntu. I-bacterium ihlala endaweni ephakeme yokuphefumula, futhi kuyathakazelisa ukuthi abantu abangamaphesenti angama-90 banayo, futhi othintekayo ophethe okunjalo angaphatha izinyanga ezimbili. Ngisho noma umuntu enezinhlobo ezithile ze-antibodies eningi, noma uma ethatha ama-antibiotic amakhulu, i-rod ye-hemophilic isalokhu ihlala ku-mucosa, futhi ingasakazeki ngaphansi kokuzivikela okuvamile.
Ngokuvamile, ukutheleleka kwe-hemophilic kubhalwe ngasekupheleni kwebusika nasekuseni kwentwasahlobo, lapho umzimba ubuthakathaka.
Ezinganeni, induku ye-hemophilic ivame ukugqugquzela ukuthuthukiswa kwe-meningitis, nakubantu abadala - i-pneumonia.
Ngokuvamile i-agent causative ikhona emzimbeni isikhathi eside ngokungenakulinganiswa. Kodwa ngokuzivikela okubuthakathaka, i-hypothermia noma ngenxa yokwanda kwenani lamagciwane kanye namagciwane emzimbeni, induku ye-hemophilic ikhuthaza ukuvuvukala nezifo ezinhlobonhlobo.
Cishe ikakhulukazi ukuthuthukiswa kwe-otitis, sinusitis, i-pneumonia kanye ne-bronchitis kulabo ababexhumana nomuntu otheleleke ngenduku futhi okwabangelwa khona izimpawu zobunjwa.
I-Hemophilus influenzae ingabangela ukuvuvukala kwezicubu ezingaphansi kwe-adipose noma kuthinte amalunga. Ezimweni ezingavamile, igalelo ekuthuthukiseni i-sepsis.
Lezo zinhlanzi ezingenayo i-capsule ezingathinti i-capsule zithinta kuphela i-membrane ye-mucous futhi lokhu akuholeli isifo esibi.
Izifo zesistimu zibangela izinhlamvu zamaphilisi: ziyangena egazini ngokubhuqa ukuxhumeka kwe-intercellular nasezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala ngemuva kwalokho kungabangeli izimpawu. Kodwa lapho bengena ohlelweni lwezinzwa zomphakathi, bavusa ukuvuvukala okungenangqondo kwamadoda (i- meningitis ).
Labo abaye babhekana nalesi sifo, banomkhuhlane oqinile entongeni ye-hemophilic.
Ukwelashwa kweHaemophilus influenzae
Ngaphambi kokwelapha induku ye-hemophilic, kudingeka uqiniseke ukuthi nguye, futhi akulona uhlobo oluthile lwebhaktheriya, njengoba lungamelana ne-penicillin, ngokungafani nezinye eziningi ze-microbes. Ukudideka kungavela uma induku ye-hemophilic ingenele ekuphefumulweni kwesifo se-pneumonia noma ezinye izifo eziphakama hhayi nje ngenxa yokuba khona kwaleli bacterium.
Uma induku ye-hemophilic itholakale ku-smear, kuyasiza ukuqhuba ukwelashwa kwemithi yama-antibiotic, ngisho noma kungabangeli izimpawu. Ngemuva kokwelashwa, i-inoculation ngokumelene nenduku ye-hemophilic yenziwa.
Ngenduku ye-hemophilic emqaleni, ngaphezu kwe-antibiotic therapy ampicillin (400-500 mg ngosuku ngezinsuku ezingu-10)
Lapho induku ye-hemophilic emphunjini isetshenziswa futhi ngama-antibiotic eyinkimbinkimbi nokwelashwa kwendawo ye-agent e-immunomodulating. Amaconsi a-polyoxidonium anezakhiwo ezinjalo.
Ukuze kuvikelwe, i-graft evela endondolo ye-hemophilic kwenziwa isikhathi 1.
Ukuze ukwandise ukusebenza kahle kokwelashwa, odokotela baseMelika batusa ukuhlanganisa i-ampicillin ne-cephalosporins nge-levomitsetinom. Ema-antibiotic yanamuhla, i- azithromycin ne-amoxiclav iyasebenza.