ECG nge-infarction ye-myocardial

I-infarction ye-myocardial yisifo esibi esiba khona ngenxa yokungasebenzi kwesibani somkhumbi ohlinzeka ngegazi emzimbeni wenhliziyo. Umphumela wawo awuxhomeke ekuhambeni kwesikhathi kokuhlinzekwa kokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha, kodwa futhi ngokufanelekile kwemisebenzi yokuxilonga. Esinye sezifundo ezibalulekile kule nkinga i-electrocardiography yomzimba (ECG).

Ngendlela ye-ECG, eyenziwa ngedivayisi ye-cardiograph, izazi zitholwa emigqeni ye-wavy ephepheni ebonisa umsebenzi wezinsizwa zenhliziyo, izinkathi zokweqa nokuphumula. Ukuqhutshwa kwe-electrocardiography kuvumela ukuthola indawo ethintekile, kanye nokudalula indawo ye-perinfarction. Ngokwe-ECG nge-infarction ye-myocardial, umuntu angakwazi ukwahlulela indawo kanye nobukhulu be-necrosis ekugxileni, landela izinyathelo zezinqubo ze-pathological.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-ECG ye-infarction ye-myocardial

Ukufundwa kwe-ECG, kakade itholakale ngesikhathi kuhlaselwa ubuhlungu be-infarction ye-myocardial, ezimweni ezijwayelekile zingashintshwa. Ukuhlola imingcele yamazinyo, izingxenye kanye nezikhathi kwi-electrocardiogram ephethe umsebenzi wezingxenye ezithile zenhliziyo, ochwepheshe bahlola ukukhubazeka okungahambi kahle. Izigaba ze-infarction ye-myocardial ku-ECG zibonakaliswa yizimpawu ezilandelayo:

1. Isigaba se-Ischemic (ekuqaleni) (ubude - imizuzu engu-20-30) - thola i-T ekhulisiwe, ekhomba, ekuhambeni kwesigaba se-ST phezulu.
2. Isigaba somonakalo (ubude - kusukela emahoreni amaningana kuya kwezinsuku ezintathu) ukushintsha kwesigaba se-ST ngezansi kwe-isoline, futhi kuqhubekisele phambili ukuguqulwa kwe-ST nge-dome kuya phezulu, ukwehla kwe-T wave kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwayo nge-ST.
3. Isiteji esihle (ubude - amasonto angu-2-3) - ukubonakala kwe-Q wave, okuyinto ngokujula kudlula ingxenye yesine yamazinyo R, nobubanzi bungaphezu kuka-0.03 s; ukunciphisa noma ukungabikho okuphelele kwe-R ukuguquka kwe-transmural infarction (i-QRS noma i-QS complex); ukufuduka kwemifino yesigaba se-ST ngaphezu kwe-isoline, ukwakheka kwe-T engalungile.
4. Isigaba se-infraction (ubude - kuze kube yizinyanga eziyi-1.5) - ukuguqula ukuthuthukiswa, okubhekiswe ekubuyiseni kwesigaba se-ST kuya ku-isoline kanye namandla okushintsha we-T wave.
5. Isigaba sokuphila (siphelela impilo yonke esilandelayo) kuba khona kwe-wave wave ye-Q, ngenkathi i-T ishicikile, ihlelwe phansi noma ingenzi kahle.

Ukuthembeka kwezimpawu ze-ECG ku-infarction ye-myocardial

Kwezinye izimo, izinguquko ku-ECG nge-infarction ye-myocardial azizona izici, zitholakala kamuva noma zingekho ngokuphelele. Ngokuhlaselwa kwenhliziyo okuphindaphindiwe, ukungajwayelekile okuvamile kungavamile kakhulu, futhi kwezinye iziguli ngisho nokuthuthukiswa okungamanga ku-electrocardiogram kungenzeka. Ngenkathi encane yegciwane lesi sifo, i-ECG ishintshe kuphela ithinte ingxenye yokugcina yenkimbinkimbi ye-ventricular, ngokuvamile ayikho into echazayo noma engabhalwanga.

Ngesikhathi izicubu ezifanele ze-ventricular zonakalisiwe, ukuhlolwa kwe-ECG akukwazi ukusebenza. Ngokuvamile, i-hemodynamics engasebenzi ngokweqile isetshenziselwa ukuhlola isimo salezo ziguli. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi nge-necrosis ye-muscle ye-ventricular efanele izingxenye ezengeziwe zingase ziphakanyiswe yingxenye ye-ST. Indlela yokwenza i-echocardiography yenza kube lula ukucacisa ngokulingana ubukhulu besilonda se-ventricle efanele.

Izinkinga ezibalulekile ekuchazeni i-ECG ngemuva kokuhlukunyezwa kwe-myocardial kungabonakala uma kwenzeka isigqi senhliziyo nokuhluleka kokuqhuba (i- paroxysmal tachycardia , ukuvinjelwa kwesigxobo sesisindo, njll). Khona-ke ukuthola ukuxilongwa kuphakanyiswa ukuba kwenziwe i-electrocardiogram in dynamics, ikakhulukazi ngemuva kokuba isigqi sijwayelekile. Futhi, imiphumela etholakalayo kufanele ifaniswe nedatha ye-laboratory nezinye izifundo ezitholwa yisithombe somtholampilo.