Kunezizathu eziningi zokuthi kungani kukhona ukuleleka . Kungabonakala njengomphumela wezifo noma kuba umphumela wezifo ezingqondweni. Ukusebenzisa usizo lwemithi elandela izincomo ezinikezwa udokotela futhi kuphela uma izindlela ezithandwayo zingenamandla. Amaphilisi okulala angakhethi angabhebhethekisa kuphela isimo, ngakho-ke ungabi nemithi.
Amaphilisi okulala
Kunezinhlobo eziningana zamathuluzi okulala.
I-Barberies
Ama-barbiturates ayakhiwe yi-barbituric acid. Ukusetshenziswa kwabo kuguqula kakhulu isakhiwo sokulala. Kuyinto engavamile, kanti isigaba sokulala esisheshayo sinciphise kakhulu. Kuwo wonke ama-hypnotics ahlobene naleli qembu, uhlu olulandelayo luhlukanisiwe:
- I-Phenobarbital, esetshenziselwa ukunyuka okukhulu nokukhathazeka;
- I-hydrate ye-chloral, eyisidakamizwa esinamandla kakhulu, esitholakalayo ukuthenga ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela, onamandla okwelapha i-anesthesia ngesikhathi sokudlula ngokweqile;
- Ukulinganisela (i-Amital, i-Barbamyl) inomphumela wokunciphisa.
Ngemuva kokusebenzisa kwabo, ukulala, ukuguquka nokulutha umlutha ngokuvamile kuvame. Njengoba lezi zidakamizwa izidakamizwa ezinamandla ezikhiqizwa ngaphandle kwemithi, ziyanconywa kuphela uma kukhona isifo esibucayi.
Izidakamizwa zeBenzodiazepine
Imithi yeli qembu inezinzuzo eziningana ngaphezu kwe-barbituras. Kungcono ukubekezelela umzimba, ngaphandle kokuthinta isakhiwo sokulala. Okuvamile kakhulu yi-hypnotics, amagama ayo anikezwa ngezansi:
- I-Nezzepam (i-Neozepam, i-Eunotin) inomphumela we-anticonvulsant futhi uyathulisa, ingahle inqunywe kubantwana kwezinye izigaba zesithuthwane;
- I-Triazolam iyasebenza kakhulu kune-Nizatrepam;
- I-Flurazepam hydrochloride yenza kunciphise inani lokuvuswa, kunconywa ukungaqapheli kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo, kungenziwa kunqunywe kwabagulayo nasebekhulile;
- Flunitrazepam, okuqeda ukukhathazeka .
Naphezu kokuthi i-hypnotic drug group benzodiazepines imiphumela emibi ayifuni, kodwa ukuphathwa kwabo kungathinta uhlelo lwezinzwa. Ngokuyeka ukuphika imithi noma ukunciphisa umthamo, i-withdrawal syndrome iqala, efana neyodakwa noma izidakamizwa. Umuntu uphazamiseka, isicasuli kanye nokuthuthumela.
Izimali ze-GABA
Amalungiselelo asekelwe ku-gamma-aminobutyric acid (i-GABA) ibe nomthelela we-nootropic futhi anikeze ekusimeni kwesigaba sokulala kancane.
Phakathi kwezimali ezinjalo kunikezwa uFenibut. I-hypnotic elula, ngokungafani namaqembu amabili ahlolwe, ivumela ukujwayela isikhathi sokulala nokuhamba kwezigaba zokulala. Akuholele ekukhuleni komlutha nokuphela kokuthola kwawo akuhambisani nokuhoxiswa kwesifo.
Amapulangwe
Ngisho nokusetshenziswa kwamaphilisi okulala buthakathaka, ungathembeli ekutheni ululame ngokushesha futhi kungabikho kwemiphumela emibi ngendlela yokulahlekelwa kwememori, ukugxila okukhungathekile, ukucindezela okukhulu nokulala. Phela, ukuthatha amaphilisi ngeke kube usizo uma inkinga eyabangela ukulala (ukucindezeleka, ukusebenza komzimba, ukugula kwezitho) akulondoloziwe.
Ukwamukelwa kwazo zonke izidakamizwa kufanele kuqokwe kuphela ochwepheshe, ikakhulu kubantu asebekhulile. Ukulwa nokuphazamiseka kokulala, akuvunyelwe ukuba basebenzise i-barbituls. Amaphilisi okulala okungenabungozi kakhulu asebekhulile yi-NosePam noTemazepam, ngoba enza kancane, futhi phakathi kwezingxenye, akukho izinto eziyingozi ezitholakalayo zomzimba.