Ukuze uthole isivuno sekhwalithi esihle nesicebile ngonyaka ozayo, kubalulekile ukwenza zonke izinyathelo ezidingekayo ze-agrotechnical, kufaka phakathi izihlahla kanye nokukhosela, ekwindla. Ukudubula kuzokwandisa isivuno futhi kuthuthukiswe ukunambitheka kwamajikijolo, futhi indawo yokukhosela izovikela umvini ekuqhumeni.
Ukulungiselela amagilebhisi ebusika
Njengoba amagilebhisi kungumuthi ongabekezeli amaqhwa aqinile futhi ungabhubhisa kuwo, kubalulekile ukuwufudumala kahle ubusika. Ukulungiselela umvini ebusika kunemisebenzi eminingi, kufaka phakathi:
- ukukhululeka kwenhlabathi kanye nokuchelela okunembile;
- ukusika izivini;
- ukufaka umquba ngamanyolo;
- ukufudumala kwezitshalo.
Ukudla kwamagilebhisi ekwindla
Uma uqoqile amagilebhisi, ukusika izimbali ekwindla kanye nendawo yokukhosela ebusika kufanele kwenziwe ngemuva kweminye imisebenzi ebalulekile yokulungiselela. Ekupheleni kwesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo kanye ne-fruiting, isitshalo sidinga ukuvuselela amandla namandla asetshenzisiwe. Kunezincomo eziningana, ngokusho ukuthi yikuphi okufisa ukufeza izithelo zomvini ekwindla:
- Ukugqoka kokuqala phezulu kwenziwa ekuqaleni kuka-September. Yenzelwe ukusheshisa ukuvuthwa komvini. Isebenzisa i-superphosphate nosawoti we-potassium. Ungakwazi ukwengeza lesi sakhi nge-boric acid, i-zinc sulphate ne-manganese sulphate. Uma inhlabathi esivinini isesihlabathi, kuyoba usizo ukwengeza i-potassium iodine.
- Ukudla kwesibili kwenziwa esikhathini esizayo ekwindla. Kubalulekile ukwethula i-potassium ne-phosphorus emhlabathini.
Kudingeka ukuthi zonke zokugqoka eziphezulu zihambisane nokuchelela okuphambili. Lokhu ukugcoba kwesivini kubizwa ngokuthi i-vlagozaradkovym, futhi ukuyisebenzisa ngemigodi. Uma inhlabathi ishiywe eyomile ebusika, iqhwa lingena kulo ukuze lijule kakhulu futhi lidala izinyembezi nokufa kwesinye sezinsizi. Isiqephu - ukwindla kwemvula ngokuhambisana nenhlabathi evulekile endaweni yokutshala. Kulesi simo, ukuchelela kunganciphisa.
Ukucubungula amagilebhisi ekwindla ezifweni nezilokazane
Ukuze ulondoloze impilo ye-berry kwezitshalo, ekwindla kuyadingeka ukuthi ukhiphe ukwelashwa kwezifo ezihlukahlukene kanye nezinambuzane. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kuqala uhlole ukubuka komvini bese ushiya isikhunta - isifo esivame kakhulu emvinini. Uma izilonda zitholakala, susa amaqabunga nezifo bese uphatha isivini ngesinye sezizinto ezilandelayo:
- "Amistar";
- I-Strobi;
- Kuproksat;
- "Efal";
- "Folp".
Mhlawumbe, uzodinga ukucubungula amagilebhisi ekwindla ekunqothulweni yi-oidium. Kulesi simo, kufanele usebenzise ama-sulfuric amalungiselelo:
- "Mikal";
- Fundazol;
- "I-Topaz";
- "Vectra";
- Impact.
Izidakamizwa ezifanayo ziyasetshenziswa njenge-prophylaxis futhi zilwa ne-fomopsis ne-anthracnose. Ukuze ukuvimbela i-cercosporosis isebenze ngokuthi "Fundazol" ne "Polychrome". Ngenkathazo enjalo njenge-leafworm e-greenberry, izifo ezincane zifakwe ngesisekelo sogwayi, i-chamomile, noma ukulungiswa "kwe-Rovikurt" okulungiselelwe. Zonke izindlela zokwelashwa zibalulekile ukukhiqiza esimweni sezulu esomile nesingenamoya bese usebenzisa imishini yokuvikela.
Indlela yokunquma kahle amagilebhisi ekwindla?
Ukudubula kusiza ukwakha amahlumela amagilebhisi, ungawavumeli ukuba akhule ngokwedlulele, ngaleyo ndlela kube nzima ukuvuna nokunakekela lesi sitshalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akhulumi isivuno kuphela, kodwa ngisho nobukhulu bezithelo zomvini ngokwabo. Ngezimbali zomvini ekwindla, ukusika izihlahla kuyadingeka, njengoba kusiza ukuyibeka ngokuvikelekile ebusika ukuvikela ngokumelene nesithwathwa. Ngentwasahlobo, ukunakekelwa kwamagilebhisi anqunyiwe kulula kakhulu, futhi ngekwindla amajikijolo amaningi avuthwa kuwo. Nansi umphumela wokugcina wokunquma amagilebhisi ekuwa - uhlelo. Ngolwazi oluthe xaxa, sizobuyela kuso ngemuva kwesikhathi esincane.
Imigomo yokugubula yamagilebhisi ekwindla
Okokuqala, ukusika izikhathi ngesikhathi kubalulekile. Ukwazi ukuthi uzokhipha nini amagilebhisi ekuwa, ngeke ulilimaze isivini sakho futhi wenze kahle. Ngakho, ukukhiqiza izihlahla ezimbili:
- Masinyane emva kokuvuna. Ngokushesha nje lapho wonke amaqoqo eqoqwe, amagatsha ahlanzwa amahlumela abuthakathaka, amahlumela aphefumulayo, okuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwesihlahla, kanye nezixhumanisi ezivunwe.
- Amasonto amabili emva kwamaqabunga awela. Lokhu kudubula kuyisisekelo. Ngalesi sikhathi, ingxenye ye-carbohydrate inesikhathi sokuya ezimpandeni nezinye izingxenye ezingasetshenziswa ezihlahleni. Kubalulekile ukuthi izinga lokushisa lomoya aliphansi ngezansi -3 ° C.
Indlela yokusika amagilebhisi ebusika?
Akunaso neze izinkinga zokulungisa amagilebhisi amancane ebusika: umane unyaka nonyaka ususe amahlumela angaphezu kwawo bese udala isihlahla, ushiya imikhono engu-3-8 ekhula nge-angle kusuka emhlabathini. Bayokwenza isivuno. Enye into ehlala ehlathini elihlala njalo, ikakhulukazi uma lingakaze lithengiswe. Izitshalo ezinjalo zidinga umsebenzi okhandla kakhulu, kodwa ngisho nasezikhungweni ezilahlwe kakhulu, zikwazi ukufeza umyalelo futhi ukwandise isivuno.
Sekuyisikhathi sokubuyela kumdwebo ongenhla. Yilokho ukugubula kwamagilebhisi kufanele kwenziwe ekwindla ngaphambi kokuba kuhlale ubusika:
- Ezinsukwini zokuqala zikaSeptemba, kuyadingeka ukususa wonke amahlumela ezinyaka owodwa emikhondeni endala engapheli, engaphansi kwethrekhi yokuqala, ethulwe isigamu semitha ukusuka emhlabathini.
- Ezingxenyeni ezikhulile emikhondweni engaphezulu kwethini lesibili (30 cm ngaphezulu ngenhla), kubalulekile ukusika u-10% ubude behlumela bese uqeda ama-stepsons ohlangothini.
- Phakathi no-Okthoba (emva kokuwa kweqabunga), khetha amahlumela amabili athuthukile futhi aqinile ekuphakameni kwezintambo ezimbili zokuqala. Ihlumela elingezansi, elikhulile kusuka endaweni yangaphandle yesigeji, kufanele liqedwe, lishiye ama-3-4 amehlo kuso. Ngale ndlela uzokwakha inkokhelo okuthiwa indawo esikhundleni.
- Escape, etholakala ngakolunye uhlangothi nangaphezulu, kubalulekile ukusika, ushiye amehlo angu-5-12. Kuzoba yisithelo sakho somcibisholo.
Ungafihla kanjani amagilebhisi ebusika?
Izivini eziningi ezingenakho indawo yokukhosela efanele zibhujiswa ngenxa yokushintsha kwebusika izinguquko. Okulimaza ngokukhethekile yizikhukhula ezinzima zezitshalo ezincane. Ngakho-ke, kufanele wazi ukuthi ungalungisela kanjani amagilebhisi asebusika omnyaka wokuqala. Kuye, indlela yokukhosela, okuthiwa i-hilling, ifanelekile. Le ndlela ayisebenzi futhi ayinayo imali futhi ingasetshenziswa njengesembozo somvini ekwindla yabaqalayo. Udinga ukugcwalisa phansi amahlumela ngobuningi bomhlabathi ngesimo slide kuze kube ngu-25 cm ukuphakama.
Kodwa-ke, uzovikela kuphela izimpande zamagilebhisi, kanti amahlumela esitshalo azohlala ngaphandle futhi angeke amelane nesithwathwa esinzima. Ngakho-ke, kunconywa ukuthi kunconywe ukumboza amagilebhisi ngesinye sezixhobo zokumboza. Indawo yokukhosela ebizwa ngokuthi iphelele futhi iyindlela engcono kakhulu uma uhlala phakathi kweqembu eliphakathi. Ngokungafani ne-half-hood, okubandakanya ukuvikelwa kwengxenye kuphela yomqhele wamagilebhisi, indawo yokuhlala ephelele iqinisekisa ukuphepha kwesihlahla sonke.
Nini ukumboza amagilebhisi?
Kunconywa ukuthi uqale umsebenzi endaweni yokukhosela hhayi ngaphambi kokuqala kwesithwathwa sokuqala. Uma ungavikelekile kuze kube manje umvini uzohlala izinsuku ezimbalwa ekushiseni kwe--5 ° -8 ° C, uzodlula uhlobo olunzima lokuba luhlaza obuncane. Umvini onjalo okhuni ubhekwa njengokuvuthiwe, uzogcinwa kahle kuze kube entwasahlobo. Uma uvala amagilebhisi ekuqaleni, kungaphula, futhi ukuqala kweqhwa kuyothinta kakhulu kabi. Isikhathi esithile lapho ukumboza amagilebhisi ebusika kuyoxhomeka esifundeni sokuhlala kwakho. Ngokwesilinganiso, isikhathi sokukhosela sifike eminyakeni eyishumi yesibili ka-Okthoba.
Kunokuba zifihle amagilebhisi ebusika?
Kunezinketho eziningi kunokuba ungakwazi ukufihla amagilebhisi ebusika:
- i-spruce lapnics;
- utshani;
- umhlanga;
- agrovolokno;
- ifilimu.
Amagilebhisi esizeni sawo akuzona kuphela amajikijolo anombala ahle kakhulu, adunyiswa ngabantu abadala kanye nezingane. Lokhu futhi kuyindlela enhle yokuvuselela umhlaba, yakha isitifiketi sendawo yokulima engadini yakho. Ukukhulisa lesi sitshalo esibalulekile akulona nzima kakhulu, uma ulandela zonke izincomo futhi ubheka ubuchwepheshe, iphuzu elibaluleke kunazo zonke lapho kulungiswa khona isivini ebusika.