I-Amyloidosis yezinso isifo esingavamile kakhulu, esibonakala ngokuphulwa kwamaprotheni-carbohydrate emisebentini kanye nokwakheka kwamathisini ezinso zezinto ezithile - i-amyloid. I-Amyloid iyinhlanganisela eyinkimbinkimbi yeprotheyini-polysaccharide, efana nesitashi, engavamile emzimbeni futhi ephazamisa ukusebenza kwezinso.
Amafomu we-amyloidosis wezinso
Kunezinhlobo eziningana ze-amyloidosis:
- i-amyloidosis eyinhloko yezinso yisifo esizimele, ukuthuthukiswa okungahambisani nezinye izifo ezingabangela ukubunjwa kwesiprotheni esingavamile;
- i-amyloidosis yesibili yezinso - ifomu elivame kakhulu, ingumphumela wezifo ezithile ezingapheli;
- i-amyloidosis ehambisana ne-hemodialysis yisimo sesifo esivela ezigulini eziye zabhekana ngokuphindaphindiwe nge-dialysis ye-renal;
- i-amyloidosis yokuzalwa engumzimba ifomu elihloswe ngokofuzo lesi sifo;
- i-senile amyloidosis uhlobo lwesifo esenzeka lapho umuntu esemdala (emva kweminyaka engu-80).
Izimbangela ze-amyloidosis yezinso
Kwezinye izimo, izimbangela zokuthuthukiswa kwe-pathology azihlali zingaziwa (amyloidosis eyinhloko). Phakathi kwezimbangela ezaziwayo ze-amyloidosis, lezi zifo ezilandelayo zingahlukaniswa:
- isifo sofuba ;
- i-malaria;
- i-syphilis ;
- i-osteomyelitis;
- i-arthritis ye-rheumatoid;
- lymphogranulomatosis;
- i-myeloma, njll.
Ukwehliswa kwesikhashana eside ekuthelelekeni okungapheli kungaholela ekushintsheni okungavamile kwamaprotheni emzimbeni. Umphumela walokho ukubunjwa kwamaprotheni e-antigen - izinto ezingaphandle, okuzoqala ukulwa namagciwane omzimba.
Izimpawu ze-kidney amyloidosis
I-Amyloidosis yezinso iyaqhubeka ngezigaba ezintathu, ngayinye yayo inezibonakaliso zayo:
- Isigaba sokuqala (ngaphambi) - ngalesi sikhathi azikho ukubonakaliswa okuphawulekayo kwesifo, ikakhulukazi ukwehla emsebenzini, ubuthakathaka jikelele. Umchamo uthola inani elincane lamaprotheni (proteinuria), e-blood - high cholesterol. Imisebenzi yezinso isuke ingashintshi ngalesi sigaba.
- I-ointment (nephrotic) esiteji - ebonakala ngokuqhubeka kancane kancane kwe-edema, isifo se-sclerosis kanye ne-amyloidosis yomnkantsha wokuqothula, ukuthuthukiswa kwe-nephrotic syndrome. Kukhona iproteinuria ephawulekayo, i-hypercholesterolemia, i-hypoproteinemia, futhi ngezinye izikhathi - isifo somfutho wegazi ophezulu. Izinso ziyakhuliswa futhi zihlanganiswe, zibe yi-pink emhlophe ebomvu.
- Isigaba sokugcina sifana nokuthuthukiswa kokuhluleka okungenangqondo kwe-renal. Kukhona i-edema eqhubekayo, i-uremia, ukuphelelwa yisikhathi komzimba jikelele, i-amyloidosis ivame ukucindezeleka yi-thrombosis ye-veal veal ye-renuria ne-syndrome yobuhlungu.
Ukuxilongwa kwezinso ze-amyloidosis
Esikhathini sokuqala, lesi sifo sinzima kakhulu ukuyihlolisisa. Ukusola ukuthi ukuthuthukiswa kwe-amyloidosis kungabangela imiphumela yokuhlola i-laboratory - ukuhlaziywa kwegazi nomchamo. Ukuqhuba i-coprogram nakho kungabonisa.
I-electrocardiogram yenhliziyo ingabonisa amazinga anciphise amagesi ashukumisayo kanye nezibonakaliso zamanga zesifo senhliziyo. I-ultrasound yezinso ingasetshenziswa ukuhlola usayizi wabo.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa, i-biopsy yezinso isetshenziselwa (ukuhlolwa kwe-organ morphology), okwenza kube lula ukubona ukuthi kukhona ama-amyloid.
Ukwelashwa kwama-amyloidosis wezinso
Ukwelashwa kwe-amyloidosis kusebenza kuphela esigabeni sokuqala sokuthuthukiswa kwayo. Kuhloswe ukuqeda izici ezibangela ekubunjweni kwe-amyloid, futhi ekumisweni kokukhiqizwa kwalesi sici.
Nge-amyloidosis yesibili, ukwelashwa kuhloswe ekuqedeni ukutheleleka okuyimbangela yalesi sifo. Ngalokhu, izindlela ezisetshenzisiwe nezokuhlinzwa ziyasetshenziswa.
Indima ebalulekile ekwelapheni i-amyloidosis inikezwa ekudleni okunqunywe kuye ngesigaba sesifo kanye nezinkomba zezivivinyo. Njengomthetho, kuyadingeka ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kasawoti, amaprotheni, ukwanda kwesilinganiso sokudla okunevithamini C kanye nosawoti we-potassium.
Ukuphathwa kwezidakamizwa kwe-amyloidosis kwezinso kuhilela ukuqokwa kwezidakamizwa ezihlukahlukene - ama-antihistamines, anti-inflammatory, diuretic, njll.