Ukuze i-IVF ( in vitro fertilization ), ngokuvamile kuvame isidingo sokugcina ama-germ noma ama-embryo. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zokwakheka kwe-cryopreservation yemibungu: i-slowly-cold and vitrification.
Izinhlobo ze-cryopreservation yemibungu
Ukuqothula kancane kancane kuyindlela engaphelelwe yisikhathi, lapho indlela yokuqandisa amanzi kusukela embungu usebenzisa i-nitrogen eyetshezi. Kulo mbungu kanye nomsakazo we-cryoprotective (ukuvikela umonakalo oshisayo) kufakwa esitsheni sepulasitiki futhi selehlile ama-0.5 degrees ngomzuzu kuya ku -7 degrees. Khona-ke bayathinta utshani nge-pair of tweezers egosiwe nge-nitrogen eyetshezi (ephoqa amanzi embryo), epholile kancane kuya ku--35 degrees, bese edluliselwa ku-nitrogen enomsoco bese eqeda ukupholisa kuma-degree angu -196.
Ukungahambi kahle kwendlela ngendlela ngokwayo ukuthi, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuphelelwa amandla kwamanzi kusiza ukusinda embryo phezu kokuqanda, futhi ngakolunye uhlangothi kungalichitha ngokuqondile ngenxa yokuphelelwa amandla kwamanzi - amanzi ahlobene namaprotheni nawo ashiya umzimba, obhubhisa amangqamuzana.
Indlela yesimanje kakhulu i-vitrification yemibungu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukukhishwa kancane kweqhwa kuqedwa ngokubunjwa kwama-crystals. Umshini owenziwe ngepulasitiki onobuchwepheshe obunokwethenjelwa futhi obuyinkimbinkimbi obhekene ne-cryoprotective media ngokushesha ufakwe ku-nitrogen eyetshezi, usebenzisa ukuguqulwa okusheshayo kwawo wonke amanzi ku-vitreous state. Ngalendlela, akukho ukuphelelwa amandla kwamanzi embryo futhi ibekezelela kalula ngaphandle kokulimaza ngaphandle kokulimaza.
Ngokushisa okuncane, ukufa kwemibungu kungaba kusuka ku-25 ukuya kuma-65%, futhi uma kwenzeka i-vitrification - kuphela ngu-10-12%. E-nitrogen enomuthi, imibungu ingagcinwa iminyaka engaba ngu-12. Ama-embryos aphelile akudingeki ngaso sonke isikhathi: ngokuvamile avundile amaqanda amaningi, kodwa ama-embryisi angaphezu kuka-2-3 afakwa esibelethweni sokufakelwa. Kodwa imibungu eqhwayo ingasetshenziswa ngesikhathi, njengoba kungenjalo njalo emva kokukhulelwa kwe-IVF kufika, futhi imibungu egciniwe iyadingeka kule mizamo elandelayo.
Vitrification amaqanda kanye ne-spermatozoa
Ngaphezu kwemibungu yokuqandisa, kungase kudingeke ukuba iqhwa nama-germ cells. I-vitrification yesidoda ingadingeka ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa indoda, okwathi ngemva kwalokho ikhono lakhe lokutshala lingancishiswa. Ngaphambi kokushisa, i-sperm ihlolwe futhi eyodwa kuphela isetshenziswe equkethe i-spermatozoa ngokuhamba kahle futhi ngaphandle kokulimala.