Enye yezindlela zokuvikela izitshalo ezivela ezintweni ezingokwemvelo ezingezansi ukuhlanganiswa kwenhlabathi. I-mulch ibhekwa ukumboza umhlabathi eduze nendawo yokutshala izitshalo zokutshala. Labo abafisa ukufunda ngokuhlanganisa imhlabathi, ukuthi iyini nokuthi bayayisebenzisa kanjani, kuyadingeka ukufunda ulwazi oluwusizo ngalesi sihloko.
Yini ehlanganisa izitshalo?
Ukuze unikeze incazelo ecacile yalokho okuyikho, kungenzeka ngale ndlela elandelayo: indawo ebizwa ngokuthi indawo yokuhlala yomhlaba eduze kwezitshalo nezitshalo zensimu ezitshalwe ngobuningi bezinto ezidlula umoya kanye namanzi kahle. Le ndlela yokucubungula izitshalo ezaziwa kubalimi isikhathi eside. Abaningi abazange bazame nokuyisebenzisa ngokusebenza, ngoba ekuqaleni abakholelwa ekusebenzeni kwayo. Kodwa-ke, labo balimi abasebenzisa le ndlela, baqiniseka ngomphumela walo omuhle emphumela wokuvuna. Abanye abalimi baze babe nezimfihlo zabo zokuxubha.
Ungayigubha kanjani inhlabathi?
Izinto okumele zihlanganiswe inhlabathi ingaba yendalo futhi engavamile. Abamele bezilwane zokuqala emva kwesikhathi ezithile baqala ukubola, ngenkathi bedla inhlabathi. Zithonya kakhulu isimo somhlabathi. Ukuhlanganisa izinto eziphilayo eziguqula isimo se-asidi yomhlaba, ngakho-ke kudingeka uzisebenzise nazo zonke ukunakekelwa.
Ama-mulch e-Organic afaka:
- ingadi kanye nama-mushroom umquba;
- amaqabunga omile nama humus foliar;
- umquba onotshani;
- Izinto zokwakha izinkuni (sawdust, shavings, njll);
- utshani;
- utshani obuncotshiwe;
- i-eggshell ;
- i-greenery echotshoziwe yezitshalo ezihlukahlukene zokwelapha (inambuzane, i-legumes, i-comfrey, i-yarrow nabanye).
Izinto zokwenza izinto ezihlanganiswayo ezingenayo, ngaphezu kokuzivikela, futhi umsebenzi wokuhlola. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izinto ezilandelayo zemvelo:
- itshe;
- shale;
- umugqa;
- itshe elichotshoziwe;
- ama-chips e-marble;
- i-granite crumb;
- izinto ezinemibala enemibala.
Ukuxuba nge-sawdust
Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zamanyolo, ukusetshenziswa kwe-sawdust kuyindlela yokonga, kungukuthi izinto zokusetshenziswa kwemvelo zinobuhle. Kodwa ukuhlanganiswa nge-sawdust kunama-nuances okumelwe kuthathwe. Ngakho-ke, ngalezi zinhloso, kubalulekile ukwenza i-sawdust (hhayi ukuthi i-freshness yokuqala nehlanzekile kuqala) kumquba . Isikhathi esikahle salokhu yisikhathi sentwasahlobo, ngakho bavuna ngokushesha.
Ukuze ulungise umquba ovela ku-sawdust, u-shavings olusha oluthile ngobuningi obukhulu, urea, umlotha namanzi kuyodingeka. Kunconywa ukuba wengeze utshani, utshani obunamanzi kanye nemfucuza ehlukahlukene. I-Urea ixubene namanzi kuze kuphele ngokuphelele. Lesi sixazululo siphuzisa izithako zokuxubha. Kunconywa ukuthi wengeze umquba emanzini. Ngakho ukuhlanganiswa ngeke kuvimbele kuphela umhlabathi ezintweni ezingokwemvelo, kodwa futhi kuzokugcwalisa ngezinto eziwusizo.
Ukuxubanisa ngotshani
Uhlobo njengendwangu yomhlabathi lungasetshenziswa noma yedwa noma ihlanganiswe nezinye izinto zokwakha uhlobo oluphilayo. Umphumela omuhle ukusetshenziswa kwawo kuhlanganiswe ne-compost noma hay. Njenganoma iyiphi enye indlela yokufaka umanyolo ezweni, utshani obunamanzi buba nenzuzo. Enye yeziphambeko ezivamile zabalimi ukufihla kwenhlabathi nge ungqimba oluphakeme kakhulu lomshini. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ingxenye engezansi ibolile.
Inhlabathi yobumba, kutuswa ukuba usebenzise utshani oqoshiwe. Ufafaza ungqimba we-2 cm (hhayi ngaphezulu). Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezi-2 ungangezela umeluleki ngobuncane. Umphumela omuhle kakhulu unikeza i-mulching kusuka emanzini okusika nomquba. Lezi zinto ezibucayi nazo zifanelekile ukuhlanganiswa komhlaba (enye indlela yokuhlanganisa). Inqubo yokucubungula okunjalo iqukethe okulandelayo: ukushintsha ezinye izithombo zomquba, umquba, izitshalo ezichotshoziwe zezitshalo. Konke lokhu kuhlanganiswe ubuso bomibhede olungiselelwe. Ukwandisa umphumela womanyolo kufanele uvame ukumanzela umquba.
Ukuqhaqhazela utshani obuncitshiwe
Okufanelekile ukuba kuhlanganiswe umhlabathi utshani obumnandi, akuyona into enhle. Ukuxuba utshani kwenziwa emibhedeni yangaphambili enokhula kanye namanzi amaningi. Inhlabathi kumele ifudumele kahle ilanga, ngaphandle kwalokho ukukhula kwezitshalo ngaphansi koqweqwe lwamanqamu kungancipha. Utshani lucwecwe emgqeni we-5-7 cm. Kancane kancane kuzoba mncane, futhi kuyodingeka ukuthulula umquba omncane kancane kusuka phezulu.
Ukunciphisa ama-egg trays
Ngokungafani ne-mulching elula, amathreyi ayimpahla eningi kakhulu, ephepheni elicindezelweyo. Ngabo, akukho ukhula oluphuka, futhi ngisho namathreyi agcina umswakama ngokuphelele. Ukuxubha inhlabathi ngama-trays amaqanda kukhulula ngokuphelele inhlabathi, benza inhlabathi ikhululeke futhi ithuthukise isakhiwo sayo. Uma ungahambisani namathrekhi agcinwe emibhedeni, futhi uhambe endleleni ngaphandle kwabo, lezi zinto azikwazi ukuphonswa futhi zenziwe ngonyaka ozayo.
Ukunciphisa nge-peat
I-Peat njengendlela ye-mulch isebenza njengokuhlanza izakhi zomhlaba emhlabeni. Lezi zinto zivimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwe-pathogenic flora ezitshalweni. Le mulki akufanele isuswe embhedeni - i-peat idlula emhlabathini. Ukuhlanganisa umquba entwasahlobo kunika izimo ezinhle zokuthola isivuno esicebile. Ukusetshenziswa kwalokhu okubonakalayo okusemvelo kukhuthaza ukukhula okusheshayo kwezitshalo.
Ukuxubha ngezinhlamvu zamapayipi
Ukuhlanganisa izinaliti noma izinaliti zamapayipi ngumanyolo omuhle kakhulu. Kunconywa ukuthi ungeze izinaliti ngqo emhlabathini. Ngakho izinga lezwe elikhuliswe lizothuthuka kakhulu. Ukuxubha ngezinyosi zephayini kwandisa ubukhulu bomhlabathi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, le nto ibambezela ukukhula kwezitshalo ezithile. Kusukela kumatamatisi amaningi, ukhukhamba, ama-aubergine akhula kabi. Kunconywa ukuthi usebenzise izinaliti zephayini ngokuhlanganiswa ngotshani ne-hay (ingaba utshani). Ingxube eholayo kufanele ibole ezinyangeni ezimbalwa.
Ukuxhuma nge-pine bark - imithetho
Amagxolo emithi ye-coniferous ukuze kuhlanganiswe kahle kufanelekile ukucubungula ama-berry nezihlahla zezitshalo ezingapheli. Umquba onjalo uphelela kahle amanzi futhi ngaleyo ndlela awuvumeli ukuba uphuthuke. Ngenxa yokulondoloza umswakama, izimpande zezitshalo azomile. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwamagxolo okuhlanganisa umhlabathi kuvimbela izitshalo ekutholeni i-nitrogen ne-phosphorus. Ngakho-ke, kuyodingeka ukuba ngaphezu kwalokho uhlanganise umhlabathi nge nitrogen kanye ne-phosphorus.
Abanini bezamasimu bathatha umgomo wokubeka ngaphansi komququzeli onjalo omunye uhlaka lwesitshalo sokutshala kanye nekhadibhodi noma iphepha elimnyama. Amagxolo wona ngokwayo avikele ngokuphelele imibhede kusuka kokhula, futhi ngokuhambisana nalezi zinto zokwakha, umphumela wokuzivikela ukwandisa kuphela. Ukunciphisa inhlabathi ngamagxolo kunconywa ukuba kwenziwe ekwindla. Omunye umthetho: lo mbhoshongo akufanele uthinte amagxolo amahlahla noma izihlahla. Lokhu kungabangela i-cortex ukuthi ihluleke ngesikhathi sezintambo.
Ngokuvamile, abalimi abanamakhono abangenalwazi bafuna ukwazi okwengeziwe ngokuhlanganisa umhlaba, ukuthi uyini nokuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani. Intshisekelo enjalo kule ndlela ayisimangazi. Ukunambitheka kwenhlabathi sekulokhu kudumile ngomphumela wayo omuhle kuwo. Ukukhiqiza kwanda izikhathi eziningi nokunakekelwa kwezitshalo kuba lula, ngoba ukusebenzisa umqubhezi akudingi ukuchelela njalo.