Ibhande elihlangene lomuntu liyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Ngaphakathi kwayo kukhona ama-formations amabili, okubizwa ngokuthi i-menisci ye-knee cap. Benza umsebenzi wokumangalisa okwehlukile ngesikhathi behamba, ukunciphisa ukungqubuzana phakathi kokujoyina nokunciphisa ukuhamba kwawo ngokweqile. I-cartilage yangaphakathi ibizwa ngokuthi i-cartilage yomzimba, kanti i-cartilage yangaphandle i-lateral. Ngokuvamile imbangela yobuhlungu emadolweni yinto nje yokudabuka kwamadolo.
Izimbangela zezinkinga ngezidakamizwa
I-Meniscus ingaphula noma iphule ngokuphelele - kwenzeka ngaphansi kwethonya lomthelela oqinile wokukhipha indebe, okuvamise kwenzeka nabathile. Ukulimala ekufakweni kwamathambo ku-calyx kwenzeka nangesikhathi sokubukeka okubukhali kwe-tibia ngaphakathi / ngaphandle. Ukulimala okuvamile kwamadolo okuhlanganisa ukugqothula kwe-meniscus ngenxa yokuguqa ngamadolo ekhoneni lezitebhisi.
Izinhlobo ezilandelayo zokuhlukana zihlukaniswa uhlobo lomonakalo:
- akuphelele;
- qedela;
- i-transverse;
- ochotshoziwe;
- i-flap-like;
- longitudinal.
Uhlobo lokugcina lokulimala lubizwa nangokuthi "isibambo samanzi okuphuza".
Izimpawu zokuhlukunyezwa
I-meniscus ehlangene yamadolo ewonakele idinga ukwelashwa, futhi izimpawu ezibonisa ukuhlukumezeka kungenzeka zibe nobukhulu obuhlukile. Njengomthetho, iziguli zikhononda ngalokhu:
- ubuhlungu obunzima emadolweni - okuhlala njalo noma obonakala ngezinyathelo ezithile zenyawo;
- ngokuchofoza okuhambisana nokuguqa kwamadolo;
- ubunzima ekukhuphukeni / ukwehla izitebhisi;
- ubuhlungu ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca, ukudlala ezemidlalo;
- ukuvuvukala kokuhlanganyela.
Ngezinye izikhathi ukuqoqwa kwegazi okunjalo kuhlangene - i-hemarthrosis yisici.
Ngokuvamile, i-meniscus ehlanganiswe ngamadolo ewonakele ayizizwanga, futhi izibonakaliso eziphawuliwe ezingenhla zingekho. Kodwa-ke, ngokuhlukunyezwa okunjalo, kukhona ubuhlungu emadolweni obukhulu obuhlukahlukene kanye nokwakhiwa kwendawo - kuyisignali yokuqala ye-alamu edinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha kumtholampilo we-trauma.
Ukuhlonza
Ukuzimela ngokuzimela, lokho kwaba yisizathu sokuvinjelwa kwamadolo esihlangene akunakwenzeka. Kungabangelwa ukubola kwe-meniscus, kodwa futhi ngokulimala kwe-anterior cruciate ligament, noma ngokuba khona kokuhlanganiswa kwe-splinter cartilage, okuyisici sesifo se-König. Okunye ukutholakala okutholakala yi-osteochondral fracture, i-plica syndrome, nokunye okunjalo.
Ukuze uqinisekise imbangela yokuvinjelwa kwamadolo, odokotela benza i-imagination resonance imaging - le ndlela yenza kube lula ukuhlola le menisci bese ubeka uhlobo lokuphuka. Kwezinye izibhedlela, esikhundleni se-MRI, ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound kokuhlanganiswa kusetshenziselwa, kodwa kunikeza umbono ongenalutho wokulimala. Kodwa i-X-ray ekutholeni ukulimala okunjalo akusizi ngalutho ngokuphelele.
Ukwelashwa kwe-knee meniscus ehlangene
Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukwelapha i-meniscus eyalimala ngamadolo, isiguli kumele sinikeze usizo lokuqala. Faka i-compress ebandayo ekuhlanganyeleni, udonse ibhande nge-bandage elashekile.
Ngemva kokuxilongwa, ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yokulimala, udokotela ubeka ukwelashwa okulungile noma okuhlinzayo. Owokuqala, njengombuso, uboniswa ekuhambeni kwe-meniscus, ephelezelwa ukuvinjelwa kokujoyina. Ngemuva kokuphindaphinda amasonto angaba ngu-3, i-gypsum isetshenzisiwe futhi amalungiselelo angewona ama-steroid enqunywe: Diclofenac, Ibuprofen, njll. Ngokuvamile abaqashiwe nabaqashi be- chondroprotectors , eklanyelwe ukuqinisa ukubuyiselwa kwezicubu zomzimba.
Ukusebenza kumadoda ehlangene ngamadolo
Ngokuhlukunyezwa okukhulu kwe-menisci, i-arthroscopy iboniswa. Phakathi nalokhu kusebenza, ukucubungula okuncane okumbalwa okungaba ngu-1 cm ubude benziwa. Ngabo, udokotela ohlinzayo ususa ingxenye ye-meniscus ehlanjululwe (kakade ayinakukwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yayo, ngakho-ke engadingekile), futhi okunye okusele kwe-cartilage ukuhambisana. Ngokushesha ngemuva kwe-arthroscopy, ungahamba, kodwa kuthatha izinsuku ezimbalwa noma amasonto ukubuyisela ngokugcwele amadolo.