Ucwaningo oluphoqelekile ekukhulelweni kwesikhathi sekwephuzile kufaka ukuhlolwa kwe- trimester yesithathu . Kuyasiza ukusungula isimo se-fetus, ukuhlola izinga lokuthuthukiswa kwengane ezayo, ukusebenza kwezitho zayo kanye nezinhlelo, ukuqeda amanyala phambi kokusola kwabo.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-3rd trimester - kuyini?
Ukuhlolwa kwesikhala se-trimester yesithathu kusetshenziselwa ukubeka inqubo yezinqubo zokuxilonga lapho isimo se-fetus namalungu omama esinqunyiwe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo isisekelo sokuhlola i-ultrasound. Phakathi naso, odokotela babeka imingcele yokuthuthukiswa ngokomzimba kwe-fetus, ukuhlola ukusebenza kwezitho zangaphakathi nezinhlelo. Cwaninga ngokucophelela lezo zindawo zenyama encane lapho kungase kube khona ukwephulwa.
Kanye ne-ultrasound, ukuhlolwa kwe-trimester yesi-3 kuhlanganisa i-cardiotocography ne-dopleromerism. Lezi zifundo zisiza ukunquma isimo se-circulatory system of the baby, izici zenhliziyo. Ekusebenzeni kwabo udokotela wenza ukubalwa kwamaphilpitations, uhlola imithwalo yegazi emikhulu, i-placenta, ukulinganisa ukuhlinzeka komntwana nge-oxygen nezakhi. Uma kunesidingo, abanye besifazane abakhulelwe bangabelwa ukuhlola igazi legazi.
Uyini ukuboniswa kokuhlola kwe-3rd trimeter?
I-Ultrasound yokukhulelwa (3 trimester) isungula isimo se-fetus, isivinini sokuthuthukiswa kwayo ngabanye, akubandakanyi ukutholakala kwempilo. Ekufezeni lezi zifundo, odokotela banquma ukuthi:
- ubude bomzimba, ubukhulu be-fetus, ngokuqhathanisa nabo ngendlela evamile ngalesi sikhathi sokukhulelwa;
- isimo sezitsha ze-placenta, izinga lokugeleza kwegazi kulesi sitho;
- ukusebenza kwezitho ezisemqoka kanye nezinhlelo zezingane ezizayo.
I-Cardiotocography ye-fetus
Ukuhlolwa kwe-3rd trimester, okutholakele kuphela udokotela, kuhlanganisa i-karyotiocography (CTG). Inhloso yalo ukuhlola izinga lokugcwalisa igazi lomntwana nge-oxygen. Kulesi simo, udokotela ubhalisa inani lezintambo zomntwana ekuphumuleni nasesikhathini sokuhamba . Ukubhaliswa kwalezi zinkomba kwenziwa nge-ultrasound.
Ukushaya kwenhliziyo kwengane, inombolo yezinyosi ngomzuzu, ukusheshisa noma ukunciphisa ngokuya kokuhlolwa okwenziwe kuboniswa esikrinini sedivayisi. Udokotela uqhathanisa idatha etholakalayo nezinkomba zesimiso futhi uveza isiphetho. Ezimweni zenkinga enkulu ye-oksijeni, eyithinta impilo ye-fetus, ukulethwa kokuqala kungenzeka.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Ultrasound kwemigomo emithathu
Njengoba isifundo esinjalo njenge-ultrasound of the fetus, i-trimester, udokotela uhlola izinkomba hhayi kuphela ukuthuthukiswa ngokomzimba wengane, kodwa futhi nokusebenza kwezitho kanye nezinhlelo. Phakathi nenqubo, udokotela uhlola ngokucophelela:
- isimiso senhliziyo;
- ubuchopho;
- imithanjeni yesigxobo skull;
- izitho zangasese zesisu;
- uhlelo lwe-genitourinary.
Ukunaka okukhethekile kubhalwa kwi-placenta. Udokotela unquma:
- isimo sokugeleza kwegazi egazini;
- indawo yangasese yendawo yengane;
- ubukhulu be-placenta;
- izinga lokuvuthwa kwe-placenta .
Mayelana nesikhathi sokwenza i-ultrasound 3 trimester, abesifazane abakhulelwe bafunde kusengaphambili. Lolu cwaningo ngosuku oluzayo luhilela ukuhlolwa kwesistimu yokuzala. Odokotela banesithakazelo emzimbeni wezinyosi, izindonga zawo, izinga lokuvuthwa (ukulungela ukulethwa okusheshayo). Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izindinganiso ezitholakalayo zifaniswa nemikhuba evamile, futhi uma kukhona ukwephula, izifundo ezengeziwe zinikezwa. Phakathi nalokhu, izimbangela zokwephulwa ziyasungulwa.
I-dopplerometry ye-Fetal ku-3rd trimester
I-Doplerometry ku-3 trimester ikhombisa ukuhlolwa kohlobo kanye nesivinini sokugeleza kwegazi, ukulandelana kwemithambo yegazi ye-placenta. Lolu cwaningo lusiza odokotela ukuba banqume izinga lokuphefumula kwe-oksijeni yegazi. Ekuphambanweni kwezinkomba ezivela esimweni esivamile, odokotela bangase basheshe baveze ukukhubazeka kwezinhlelo ze-cardiovascular and nervous systems. Ukutadisha kwenziwa kumshini we-ultrasound futhi kwabesifazane kufana nokuhlolwa okujwayelekile kwe-ultrasound.
Isivivinyo sesithathu sokuhlola
Kulolu cwaningo, igazi elinomsoco linomsebenzi wokuhlola isimo semvelo yomama. Ngokuhlolwa okuphindwe kabili kwe-biochemical, thola okuqukethwe kwalezi zinto njenge:
- i-alpha-fetoprotein ( AFP );
- i-griadotropin ye-chorionic yabantu (hCG);
- i-estriol yamahhala.
Lolu cwaningo lunikezwa kuphela kulabo besifazane abakhulelwe abathi, ekuhlolweni kwangaphambilini, abazange bahlangabezane namazinga. Uma i-trimester ihlolwa, odokotela banquma isimo samanje somzimba womama, bathole ukungahleleki ngesikhathi esifanele, bavimbele izinkinga zokukhulelwa, futhi bathathe izinyathelo ezifanele.
Ukuhlolwa kwesithathu kwenziwa kanjani ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa?
Mayelana nendlela i-ultrasound eyenziwa ngayo i-trimester yesi-3, abesifazane bayaziwa kusukela ezifundweni zangaphambilini, futhi izifundo ezifana ne-CTG ne-dopplerometry zingabangela ukwesaba kubo. Lapho kuqhuba i-CTG:
- Owesifazane ulele embhedeni.
- Izinzwa eziningana zifakwe esiswini sakhe - i-ultrasonic kanye ne-gauge ye-gauge (inquma ukuchotshozwa kwezibeletho).
- Udokotela uloba izinga lentliziyo ye-fetal. Inqubo ihlala imizuzu engu-30-60.
I-dopplerometry yabesifazane abakhulelwe yenziwa kanje:
- Owesifazane uthatha isikhundla esinqunyiwe.
- Udokotela usebenza i-gel ebusweni besisu sakhe.
- Ukuhambisa inzwa phezu kwesikhumba, udokotela uhlola imithwalo yegazi enkulu, ehlola izinga lokugeleza kwegazi kuzo. Ngokomzwelo okhulelwe kakhulu, inqubo ayifani ne-ultrasound evamile.
Ukuhlolwa kwezinsuku ezintathu ze-trimester
Ukwazi ngesifundo esilandelayo, abesifazane abakhulelwe bavame ukuba nesithakazelo odokotela mayelana nokuthi bahlola nini i-trimester yesi-3. Isikhathi esihle sokuqaliswa kwayo kungamaviki angu 32-34 wokubeletha. Konke ukucwaninga kowesifazane akuvamile ukulawula ukudlula ngosuku olulodwa, ngakho-ke lesi sikhodi sesikhathi sisungulwa. Uma ukuhlolwa kwezinto ezinokwemvelo kunqunyelwe, khona-ke kuyadingeka ukuyidlulisela kumigomo engenhla. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-ultrasound ingahlolwa kuqala. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwe-3rd trimester, ngesikhathi esisetshenziswa ngayo - kuxhomeke esimweni esithile.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-3rd trimeter - ukulungiselela
Ngaphambi kokuthatha ukuhlolwa ku-3 trimester yokukhulelwa, owesifazane kufanele alungiselelwe kahle. Lokhu kuzoqeda ukuphazamiseka kwemiphumela, idatha etholakalayo izokhombisa ngokucacile isimo semvelo encane. Nokho, akuzona zonke izifundo ezidinga ukulungiswa kwangaphambili. Ngakho, i-ultrasound ne-dopplerometry ingenziwa cishe nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Isimo kuphela sokwenza i-ultrasound yisisindo esingenalutho.
Ukuze uthole imiphumela enembile ye-CTG, odokotela batusa ukuthi ngaphambi kokuba isifundo sidle okuthile okumnandi. Ukwandisa i-glucose egazini kuyokwandisa umsebenzi womoto wengane. Ngenxa yalokho, odokotela bazokwazi ukurekhoda ukunyakaza okuningi kwe-fetal, lapho uhlelo lwe-cardiovascular luzohlolwa khona. Inqubo ngokwayo izothatha isikhathi esincane.
Uma ukuhlolwa kwezinto eziphilayo eziphathelene nokukhulelwa kwezinyanga ezintathu kuphethwe, umama olindelekile uyaxwayiswa ngesidingo sokulandela ukudla. Isampula segazi senziwa ngesisu esingenalutho, futhi izinsuku ezintathu ngaphambi kokuhlaziywa, okulandelayo akukhipha ekudleni:
- okuthosiwe;
- inhlabathi;
- ukubhema;
- imifino eluhlaza;
- imikhiqizo evusa ukusabela okwe-allergen - i-cocoa, i-citrus, ushokoledi.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-3rd trimester - amazinga avamile, ithebula
Odokotela kuphela okufanele bahlole imiphumela yocwaningo. Lokhu kuhlolisisa zonke izici zokukhulelwa okuthile. Ukuphambuka okuncane kwezinkomba ezivela emithethweni esungulwe akuyona ukwephula, kodwa kungabonisa isidingo sokuqapha ipharamitha ethile. I-Ultrasound 3 trimester, izinkambiso, incazelo okumele zihlolwe odokotela, ikuvumela ukuba ubone ukuthi kukhona ukuphambuka okukhona. Ngezansi amatafula sinikeza amanani wemigomo yemingcele esemqoka yokuhlola i-trimester yesithathu.