Ngaki kaningi sibona ukuthi amaqabunga emakhukhamba ethu ngokuzumayo aphenduka aphuzi, ahlambuluke, aphikiswe futhi awe. Futhi udinga ukunquma imbangela yesenzakalo esingathandeki kahle ukuze uthathe izinyathelo ezifanele. Ngakho-ke, yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko zezifo nezinambuzane zamakhukhamba futhi kusho ukuthini ukusebenzisa?
Yini okumele uchithe ukhukhamba ezivela ezinambuzane?
Inkathazo ejwayelekile kunazo zonke yamakhukhamba yi-spider mite. Ubopha ngaphansi kweqabunga lamaqabunga ngewebhu elincanyana, udla ebusweni bese ephuza ama-juice. Ukuze ulwe nesicabucabu se-spider, udinga ukususa amaqabunga awonakele bese uwashisa, uphefa izitshalo ngokwawo ngezinambuzane izikhathi eziningi ngenkathi. Ungasebenzisa i-Carbophos, i-Agrovertin, i-Phosbicide, i-Phytoverm njalonjalo.
Enye inkathazo yamakhukhamba yi-aphid ye-melon. Lezi zinambuzane zikhulu kakhulu ngobukhulu (2 mm) futhi zinemibala ephuzi yethole. Uhlala futhi phansi emaqabunga, futhi futhi ngezimbali nama-ovari. Ngomsebenzi walo obalulekile kubangela ukuguquka nokomisa kwamaqabunga nezinye izingxenye zezitshalo. Ukuze kube nomzabalazo nokuvimbela kubalulekile ukususa ukhula ngesikhathi futhi kubandakanye izintombikazi endaweni noma kwi-hothouse.
I-whitefly ebamba ukushisa ingahlasela ama-ukhukhamba. Iphuza ijusi emaqabunga, futhi isikhunta sikashukela sikhula phezu kwemifucumfucu yeshukela eshiya, okuholela ekumeni nasekumiseni amaqabunga. Amakhukheni abathintekayo kufanele afafazwe ngamanzi ahlanzekile namaqabunga ahlanjululwe, bese ekhulula inhlabathi ngo-2 cm.
Indlela yokwelapha ukhukhamba ezifweni?
Ngaphezu kwezinambuzane, ukhukhamba ukuhlasela izifo ezihlukene, futhi kudingeka futhi balwe. Okuvame kakhulu kulezi zibopho ezimpunga, ukubola okumhlophe, isikhumba se-powdery, i-root rot, i-mosaic nomnqumo wesithelo sezithelo.
Kusukela ezikhungweni zika ukhukhamba zingasetshenziswa njengamakhambi omuntu, futhi ziqedile ukulungiselela. Isibonelo, uma ubona amabala emaqabunga ngeqhwa elinomlilo - ukubola okumpunga , uyazi ukuthi ukukususa kuzosiza ukunamathela kwamaqabunga ngomlotha ovamile. Ukunisela ngesikhathi sezinqubo zokwelashwa kufanele kushiyiwe okwesikhashana.
Ukubola okumhlophe kuphathwa ngokufafaza nge-lime-pushenka. Kulesi simo, izindawo ezimele zimele zisuswe, futhi njengoba ukuvimbela kuvimbela umswakama obuningi, ukuqina kwezitshalo kanye nokuphuza umoya okuncane.
Kusukela powdery isikhutha, ukupompa nge isixazululo Mullein noma sulfur colloidal isetshenziswa. Izindawo ezithintekile zingenziwa ngopolisi ngamapulangwe noma zisuse ngokuphelele.
Ukuze uvimbele ukuthuthukiswa kwezimpande zokubola, udinga ukutshala ukhukhamba endaweni enqanyuliwe ngaphambili, ungavumeli amanzi ahamba ngamanzi nokushisa kuyashintsha.
I-mosaic ejwayelekile yamakhukhamba enezici zokuvuvukala emaqabeni nasezithelo kungenxa yokusabalala kokutheleleka ngokhula kanye nembewu enesifo. Izitshalo ezifakiwe kufanele zisuswe, futhi konke okusungulwa kufanele kukhishwe nge-disinfected nge-bleach noma i-manganese potassium.
Uma indawo yomnqumo itholakala, kudingeka uke ukuchelela izinsuku ezingu-5, uphefa izitshalo nge "Oxihom" noma i-Bordeaux fluid. Ukuze uvimbele, akumelwe uvumele umswakama ophezulu, ukuchelela ngamanzi abandayo kanye nemidwebo.