U-Amblyopia ukunciphisa ukubonakala okubonakalayo okwenzeka lapho ukuthuthukiswa okujwayelekile kwesistimu ebonakalayo kuphazamiseka. Kukhona ukwehla okuqhubekayo embonweni, kodwa izinguquko zesakhiwo ku-analyzer ezibukwayo aziveli. Abazali, abangabantwana babo abahlupheka ngenxa yalesi siphambeko, bayazibuza ukuthi ngabe i-amblyopia ingaphulukiswa, ingabe ukubuya kwe-acuity kuzobuya?
I-Amblyopia: Izimpawu
Ngama-amblyopia, amehlo athola umthwalo wokubuka ongalingani, futhi ukushintsha kancane kancane kombono wenye yeso kwenzeka. Ngakho-ke, ngokuvamile lesi sifo sabizwa ngokuthi "iso elivilaphayo". Izinguquko eziyinhloko zenzeka ebuchosheni, emnyangweni wokubukwa. Ukusuka kwamehlo wengane kuvela ulwazi oluhlanekeziwe, kanti ubuchopho bubona isithombe kuphela iso "eliholayo". Ukuthuthukiswa kwama-neurons obhekene nokusebenza okubukwayo kuvinjelwe. I-binocularity yombono iphazamiseka. Izingane zikhononda ngekhanda, ubuhlungu noma ukungakhululeki emehlweni, ukukhathala ngokushesha. Iziguli ezine-amblyopia azikho kahle endaweni engavamile nezimo ezingavamile. Ukulungiswa kokunyakaza kwabo kuphazamiseka, akusizi. Uma ufunda noma ubuka, enye yezinqatshwa inqatshelwe noma ivaliwe.
U-Amblyopia ezinganeni: izimbangela, izinhlobo namadigri
Ukubukeka kwalokhu kukhubazeka okubukwayo kuhlotshaniswa nalokhu:
- Strabismus. Ngokuphazamiseka kombono we-binocular, i-amblyopia ye-dysbinocular iqala.
- Uma i-amblyopia ibangelwa i-hyperopia, i-closesightedness noma i-astigmatism, lolu hlobo lwesifo lubizwa ngokuthi i-refractive.
- I-obscuration amblyopia iqala ngameva, i-cataract, i-scar after trauma eye.
- Izinhlobo ze-amblyopia zihlanganisa i-amblyopia e-hysterical, eyenzeka lapho kunenkinga enkulu yokucindezeleka.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kune-amblyopia eyodwa-nambili.
Kunezinhlobo ezingu-5 ze-amblyopia, kuye ngokuthi kuncishiswe ukubonakala okubonakalayo:
- ubuciko obubonakalayo ebangeni I 0.8-0.9;
- e-II degree - 0,5-0,7;
- ebangeni lesi-III - 0.3-0.4;
- e-IV degree - 0,05-0,2;
- e-V degree, ubuciko obubonakalayo bungaphansi kwe-0.05).
Ukwelashwa kwe-amblyopia ezinganeni
Uma lokhu kukhubazeka okubukwayo kutholakala, okokuqala kudingekile ukukhomba imbangela eyaholela ekwakhiweni kwe-amblyopia. Ngokubhekwa phambili noma ukubuka okuncane, izibuko zokulungisa noma ama-lens kunqunywe. I-Strabismus, i-cataracts noma i-opacity ye-cornea ibonisa ukungenelela okuhlinzekwayo. Kuphela emva kwalokhu, ukulungiswa kokuxoshwa kwenziwa. Indlela yokukhishwa isetshenziselwa, lapho iso elinobuciko lihlanganiswe khona, ukuze wonke umthwalo wokubukwa uwele iso "elivila". Umphumela ofanayo ufakwa esweni eliphambili lamahlasi akhethekile - i-atropine. Benza ukuze isithombe esivela enhlokweni enempilo sibonakale, futhi ubuchopho buyithatha isithombe kusukela kwesibili, "buvila." Ngalokhu, iso elibuthakathaka likhuthazwa - ukwelashwa kombala nokukhanya, izithombetimulation.
Ukwelashwa kwe-amblyopia ekhaya
Ingane ene-amblyopia ingasiza abazali. Kunezivivinyo ezikhethekile ze-amblyopia, okumele kwenziwe njalo:
- Isibani sikagesi esinamandla wamatitha angu-60-70 sihlanganiswe kumbuthano ngobubanzi obuyi-7-8 mm kusuka ephepheni le-opaque lombala omnyama. Ukuvala iso eliphilile, ingane ibuka imizuzwana engu-30 esibani, bese ibheka ishidi elimhlophe odongeni futhi
uyibheke kuze kube yilapho isithombe segag esitheni sibonakala eshidi. - Ukuzivocavoca kwenziwa ngefasitela. Ukuvala iso eliphilile, ishidi lamatheksthi amancane lilethwa obuthakathaka futhi lisondeze kuze kube yilapho singabonakali kahle. Bese uhamba kancane esweni ukuze umbhalo uphinde ufunde futhi.
- Ebhebheni ladesksi ene-100-watt ibhulogi, gqoka i-black paper cap ne-5 mm ububanzi bokhuni phakathi nendawo, egcwele ifilimu ebomvu. Ingane, etholakala ngamasentimitha angu-40, ibukeka ngeso elibuthakathaka endaweni ekhanyayo eminwe emaminithi amathathu. Kulesi simo, isibani sivaliwe njalo ngemva kwemizuzwana emithathu. Isifundo senziwa ekamelweni elimnyama.
Ukuxilongwa kokuqala kwe-amblyopia kanye nokwelapha okufanelekile kuyisihluthulelo sempumelelo ekukhuliseni ubuciko obubonakalayo.