Ama-tranquilizers kukhona imishanguzo ye-psychotropic esetshenziselwa ukuphatha izifo eziningi. Futhi ayisetshenziselwa ukugula kwengqondo kuphela, kodwa futhi ku-oncology, i-neurology, ukuhlinzwa, i-dermatology, imithi yokubeletha, i-narcology, njll. Lawa mathuluzi anezenzo ezilandelayo eziyinhloko:
- ukudubula;
- i-hypnotics;
- imisipha ephumuzayo;
- i-anticonvulsant;
- ukulwa nokukhathazeka.
Ngokuthonya umzimba womuntu (ikakhulukazi isimiso sezinzwa), lezi zidakamizwa zisiza ekunciphiseni ukucindezeleka ngokomzwelo, ukunciphisa ukukhathazeka, ukucasula, ukuqeda ukwesaba nokulala, ukunciphisa ukucindezeleka kwengqondo, njll. Kunezinhlobo eziningana zezinxushunxushunxushu, zazo zonke ezibhekene nokuqina okukhulu kwesenzo, ukuqina kwezakhiwo kanye nesilinganiso semiphumela eyenziwa. Lokhu kucatshangelwa uma ukhetha izidakamizwa zesiguli esithile. Kuze kube manje, uhlu lwamanxephezelo lunemithi engaphezu kwekhulu.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwezikhalazo ngokuzalwa
Kunezizukulwane ezintathu zezidakamizwa kuleli qembu:
1. Izixathulwana zesizukulwane sokuqala:
- I-Meprobamate;
- I-Hydroxysine;
- Benaktizine, njll.
2. Ukuthula okubili kwesizukulwane - ukulungiselela uchungechunge lwe-benzodiazepine.
3. Amanxanxathela emithathu:
- I-Buspirone;
- Oxymethylethylpyridine succinate;
- I-Etiofoxin et al.
Okuvamile kakhulu izidakamizwa zesizukulwane sesibili - i-benzodiazepines, ehlukaniswe ngamaqembu amathathu ngokusho kwemiphumela ethile yomtholampilo:
1. I-Benzodiazepines ene-anti-anxiety effect effect. Ama-tranquilizers anamandla ohlwini lwalezi zidakamizwa zaleli qembu:
- Phenazepam ;
- Diazepam;
- Lorazepam;
- Alprazolam et al.
Umphumela ochazwe ngokulinganisela unikezwa yizidakamizwa njenge:
- Gidazepam;
- Chlordiazepoxide;
- Bromazepam;
- Clobazam;
- I-Oxazepam, njll.
2. I-benzodiazepines enomphumela owenziwe nge-hypnotic. Ukulungiswa kwaleli qembu kusetshenziselwa kakhulu njenge-hypnotics. Lolu hlu lubandakanya:
- Temazepam;
- I-Triazolam;
- Nitrazepam;
- Flurazepam;
- Flunitrazepam;
- I-Midazolam;
- Estazolam nabanye.
3. I-Benzodiazepines ene-anticonvulsant isenzo esicacisiwe. Umphumela omkhulu we-anticonvulsant unikezwa ngalezi zindlela:
- I-Clonazepam;
- Diazepam.
I-tranquilizer ekhanyayo ohlwini lwaleli qembu i-Nitrazepam.
Ama-tranquilizers wesizukulwane esisha
Kuluhlu lwezidakamizwa, izinxushunxushu zezizukulwane ezintsha, i-buspirone inendawo ekhethekile, okubhekwa njengeyingqayizivele ku-neuropharmacology. Leli khambi liphumelela ekwelapheni izimo ezicindezelayo ezicindezelayo, ukuphazamiseka okwesaba , njll. Ngokungafani nezidakamizwa ze-benzodiazepine, i-Buspirone ayikhiqizi umphumela wokudambisa, umthelela omubi kwimisebenzi yengqondo, ayibangeli ukulutha, ukuxhomeka kwezidakamizwa kanye nezimpawu zokuhoxiswa.
I-tranquilizer esebenzayo futhi ethembisayo yesizukulwane esisha i-Etytofoxine. Akukona ubuningi obuningi bokungalungi kwe-benzodiazepines futhi bunomthelela omuhle emzimbeni.
Uhlu lwamanxephezelo wansuku zonke
Ku-sub-group ehlukene, izinkampani zokuthula zansuku zonke zikhethwe, uhlu lwazo olubandakanya izidakamizwa ezinamandla kakhulu okulwa nokukhathazeka kanye nezakhiwo zokuzikhumbuza ezincinci, ezithintekayo nezisithukuthezi. Izimali ezinjalo ziqokwa
- I-Trioxazine;
- Tofizopam;
- Gidazepam;
- Prazepam;
- I-Mebicar;
- Trimetozine;
- Fenibut nabanye.